总结最好 最全的医学解剖英文单词词汇

1、*解剖学 anatomy*人体解剖学 human anatomy*系统解剖学 systematic anatomy, descriptive anatomy*局部解剖学 topographic anatomy, regional anatomy*应用解剖学 applied anatomy*临床解剖学 clinical anatomy*外科解剖学 surgical anatomy*解剖学姿势 anatomical position*矢状面 sagittal plane*正中矢状面 median(or midsagittal) plane*冠状面（或额状面） coronal(or frontal)

2、 plane*横切面（或水平面） transverse(or horizontal) plane前面（或腹侧面） anterior(or ventral) surface后面（或背侧面） posterior(or dorsal) surface上端（或颅端） superior(or cranial) end下端（或尾端） inferior(or caudal) end内侧（尺侧或胫侧）缘 medial(ulnar or tibial)border外侧（桡侧或腓侧）缘 lateral(radial or fibular)border近侧端（或上端） proximal(or upper) end远

3、侧端（或下端） distal(or lower) end内面 internal(or interior)surface外面 external(or exterior)surface浅层 superficial layer深层 deep layer *头 head*颅 cranium, skull*额 front*枕 occipit*颞 temples*耳 ear*面 face*眼 eye*鼻 nose*口 mouth唇 lip*颈 neck, cervix, collum*躯干 trunk*背 back*胸 thorax, chest*腹 abdomen脐 umbilicus*盆部 pelvi

4、s四肢 limbs, extremities*上肢 upper limb*肩 shoulder腋 axilla*臂 arm*肘 elbow*前臂 forearm*手 hand腕 wrist掌 palm*鱼际 thenar*小鱼际 hypothenar*手指 finger*拇指 thumb示指 index finger*下肢 lower limb*髋 hip*股（又称大腿) thigh*膝 knee*小腿 leg*踝 ankle, malleolus*足 foot跗 tarsus跖 sole*趾 toe 骨及骨连结 bone and joint*骨学 osteology*骨骼 skeleton*

5、骨骼系统 skeletal system*骨 bone中轴骨 axial skeleton附肢骨 appendicular skeleton*长骨 long bone*短骨 short bone*扁骨 flat bone*不规则骨 irregular bone*骨密质 compact bony substance*骨松质 spongy bony substance*骨膜 periosteum骨内膜 endosteum*黄骨髓 yellow bony marrow*红骨髓 red bony marrow骺 epiphysis骨干 diaphysis干骺端 metaphysis*骺软骨 epiph

6、ysial cartilage*骺线 epiphysial line滋养孔 nutrient foramen髓腔 medullary cavity突 process棘 spine隆起 eminence粗隆 tuberosity结节 tuber, tubercle嵴 crest线 line窝 concavity, fossa凹 fovea小凹 foveola压迹 impression腔 cavity窦 autrum, sinus管 canal, duct孔 foramen,opening口 mouth, apertura, aditus, ostium裂孔 hiatus髁 condyle上髁 e

7、picondyle缘 margin切迹 notch, incisura纤维连结 fibrous joint韧带连结 syndesmosis缝 suture软骨连结 cartilaginous joint*关节 articulation, joint*关节面 articular surface关节软骨 articular cartilage*关节囊 articular capsul*纤维层 fibrous layer*滑膜 synovial membrane*关节腔 articular cavity*韧带 ligament*关节盘 articular disk*关节半月板 articular m

8、eniscus*关节唇 articular labrum滑膜关节 synovial joint平面关节 plane joint球窝关节 ball and socket joint椭圆关节 ellipsoid joint车轴关节 pivot joint鞍状关节 saddle joint*屈 flexion*伸 extension*收 adduction*展 abduction*旋转 rotation*环转 circumduction*旋前 pronation*旋后 supination*外翻 eversion*内翻 inversion*背屈 dorsiflexion*跖屈 plantarflex

9、ion*椎骨 vertebrae*脊柱 vertebral column*椎管 vertebral canal*椎体 vertebral body*椎弓 vertebral arch*椎间孔 intervertebral foramen*椎孔 vertebral foramen*棘突 spinous process*横突 transverse process上关节突 superior articular process*颈椎 cervical vertebrae*横突孔 transverse foramen*寰椎 atlas侧块 lateral mass*枢椎 axis齿突 dens*胸椎 t

10、horacic vertebrae上肋凹 superior costal fovea*腰椎 lumbar vertebrae*骶骨 sacrum, sacral bone骶骨岬 sacral promontory*骶管裂孔 sacral hiatus骶角 sacral horn*尾骨 coccyx*椎间盘 intervertebral disc*纤维环 anulus fibrosus*髓核 pulpiform nucleus*黄韧带 ligaments flava寰枕关节 atlanto-occipital joint*肋 ribs, costae*肋软骨 costal cartilage*肋

11、沟 costal groove*肋弓 costal arch*胸骨 sternum胸骨柄 sternal manubrium胸骨体 sternal body*剑突 xiphoid process*胸骨角 sternal angle*胸廓 thoracic cage肋椎关节 costovertebral joints胸肋关节 sternocostal joints*枕骨 occipital bone枕骨髁 occipital condyle*舌下神经管 hypoglossal canal*枕骨大孔 foramen magnum枕外隆凸 external occipital protuberanc

12、e*蝶骨 sphenoid bone*蝶鞍 sella turcica*垂体窝 hypophysial fossa*视神经管 optic canal鞍背 dorsum sellae破裂孔 foramen lacerum*圆孔 foramen rotundum*卵圆孔 foramen ovale*棘孔 foramen spinosum*眶上裂 superior orbital fissure大翼 greater wings翼突 pterygoid process*颞骨 temporal bone岩部 petrous portion*乳突 mastoid process*面神经管 facial c

13、anal肌咽鼓管 musculo-tubal canal*内耳门 internal acoustic port*茎突 styloid process*茎乳孔 stylomastoid foramen*外耳道 external acoustic meatus*下颌窝 mandibular fossa*顶骨 parietal bone*额骨 frontal bone*筛骨 ethmoid bone下鼻甲 inferior nasal concha泪骨 lacrimal bone鼻骨 nasal bone犁骨 vomer*上颌骨 maxilla眶下孔 infraorbital foramen牙槽突

14、alveolar process切牙管 incisive canal*腭骨 palatine bone*颧骨 zygomatic bone*下颌骨 mandible颏孔 mental foramen冠突 coronoid process下颌切迹 mandibular incisure*舌骨 hyoid bone颅盖 calvaria外板 outer plate内板 inner plate*板障 diploe*颅前窝 anterior cranial fossa*颅中窝 middle cranial fossa*颅后窝 posterior cranial fossa颞窝 temporal fos

15、sa*颧弓 zygomatic arch*颞下窝 infratemporal fossa*翼腭窝 pterygopalatine fossa*翼点 pterion*颈动脉管 carotid canal*颈静脉孔 jugular foramen腭大孔 greater palatine foramen*眶 orbit眶上孔 supraorbital foramen眶下孔 infraorbital foramen*骨性鼻腔 bony nasal cavity*鼻腔 nasal cavity*鼻旁窦 paranasal sinus*上颌窦 maxillary sinus*蝶窦 sphenoidal s

16、inus*额窦 frontal sinus*筛窦 ethmoidal sinus鼻中隔 nasal septum上(中, 下)鼻道 superior(middle, inferior) nasal meatus颅囟 cranial fontanelle前囟 anterior fontanelle冠状缝 coronary suture矢状缝 sagital suture人字缝 lambdoid suture*颞下颌关节 temporomandibular joint*肩胛骨 scapula*肩峰 acromion*关节盂 glenoid cavity*喙突 coracoid process*锁骨

17、 clavicle*肱骨 humerus大结节 greater tubercle小结节 lesser tubercle*解剖颈 anatomical neck*外科颈 surgical neck鹰嘴窝 olecranon fossa*内上髁 medial epicondyle*桡骨 radius环状关节面 articular circumference*尺骨 ulna鹰嘴 olecranon滑车切迹 trochlear notch*腕骨 carpal bones, carpus舟骨 scaphoid bone三角骨 triquetral bone豌豆骨 pisiform bone大多角骨 tr

18、apezium bone小多角骨 trapezoid bone头状骨 capitate bone钩骨 hamate bone*掌骨 metacarpal bones*指骨 phalanges of fingers*胸锁关节 sternoclavicular joint*肩关节 shoulder joint盂唇 glenoid labrum*肘关节 elbow joint*桡骨环状韧带 annular ligament of radius*桡尺近侧关节 proximal radioulnar joint桡尺远侧关节 distal radioulnar joint*腕关节 wrist joint腕

19、掌关节 carpometacarpal joint掌指关节 metacarpophalangeal joint指间关节 interphalangeal joint*髋骨 hip bone*髋臼 acetabulum*闭孔 obturater foramen*髂骨 ilium髂嵴 iliac crest*坐骨 ischium*耻骨 pubis*骨盆 pelvis*股骨 femur大转子 greater trochanter髁间窝 intercondylar fossa*髌骨 patella*胫骨 tibia髁间隆起 intercondylar eminence*内踝 medial malleol

20、us*腓骨 fibula*外踝 lateral malleolus*跗骨 tarsal bone, tarsus距骨 talus*跟骨 calcaneus足舟骨 navicular bone内侧楔骨 medial cuneiform bone骰骨 cuboid bone*跖骨 metatarsal bones*趾骨 phalanges of toes*耻骨联合 pubic symphysis*骶髂关节 sacroiliac joint*骶结节韧带 sacrotuberous ligament*骶棘韧带 sacrospinous ligament*髋关节 hip joint*膝关节 knee j

21、oint*半月板 meniscus*交叉韧带 cruciate ligaments*踝关节 ankle joint跗骨间关节 intertarsal joint距跟关节 talocalcaneal joint跗横关节 transverse tarsal joint跗跖关节 tarsometatarsal joints跖趾关节 metatarsophalangeal joints(二)肌肉 muscles肌学 myology肌肉系统 muscular system*肌 muscle*骨骼肌 skeletal muscle*肌腹 muscle belly*肌头 head of muscle腱膜 a

22、poneurosis起点 origin止点 insertion*筋膜 fascia*浅筋膜 superficial fascia*深筋膜 deep fascia滑膜囊 synovial bursa*腱鞘 tendinous sheath*斜方肌 trapezius*背阔肌 latissimus dorsi*竖脊肌 erector spinae胸腰筋膜 thoracolumbar fascia颈阔肌 platysma*胸锁乳突肌 sternocleidomastoid*斜角肌 scalenus*胸大肌 pectoralis major*胸小肌 pectoralis minor*前锯肌 serra

23、tus anterior*膈 diaphragm*中心腱 central tendon*腹直肌 rectus abdominis*腹直肌鞘 sheath of rectus abdominis白线 linea alba*腹外斜肌 obliquus externus abdominis*腹内斜肌 obliquus internus abdominis*腹横肌 transversus abdominis*腰大肌 psoas major*髂腰肌 iliopsoas*腹股沟韧带 inguinal ligament*腹股沟管 inguinal canal腹股沟管浅环 superficial inguin

24、al ring*面肌 facial muscles枕额肌 occipitofrontal muscle帽状腱膜 gelea aponeurotica*咀嚼肌 masticatory muscles咬肌 masseter颞肌 temporalis*三角肌 deltoid大圆肌 teres major小圆肌 teres minor*肱二头肌 biceps brachii*肱三头肌 triceps brachii*肱桡肌 brachioradialis*旋前圆肌 pronator teres*桡侧腕屈肌 flexor carpi radialis*掌长肌 palmaris longus*尺侧腕屈肌

25、flexor carpi ulnaris*指浅屈肌 flexor digitorum superficialis指深屈肌 flexor digitorum profundus拇长屈肌 flexor pollicis longus旋前方肌 pronator quadratus桡侧腕长伸肌 extensor carpi radialis longus桡侧腕短伸肌 extensor carpi radialis brevis指伸肌 extensor digitorum*旋后肌 supinator*蚓状肌 lumbricales*骨间肌 interossei*臀大肌 gluteus maximus*梨状肌 piriformis*股四头肌 quadriceps femoris*髌韧带 patellar ligament缝匠肌 sartorius*股二头肌 biceps femoris*半腱肌 semitendinosus*半膜肌 semimembranosus*腓骨长肌 peroneus longus*腓骨短肌 peroneus brevi