Corporate finance专业词汇手册

1、Chapter 1: introduction to corporate financeCorporate finance（financial management）：公司财务、公司金融、财务管理Capital budgeting：资本预算Capital structure：资本结构Working capital management：流动资本管理Sole proprietorship：独资制、单一业主制Partnership：合伙制Corporation：公司、股份公司Profit maximization ：利润最大化Agency relation：委托代理关系Agency problem

2、：委托代理问题Managerial compensation：管理层报酬Corporate control：公司控制Primary market ：一级市场、发行市场Secondary market：二级市场、交易市场Chapter 2: financial statements, taxes and cash flowFinancial statements: 财务报表Cash flow:现金流Accounting value:会计Net income：净利润Depreciation:折旧The balance sheet：资产负债表The income statement 损益表Curre

3、nt asset流动资产Fixed asset固定资产Inventory存货Current liabilities流动负债Bond债券Bondholder债券持有人Shareholders equity/common equity/owners equity股东权益Balance sheet identity资产负债表等式Net working capital 营运资本Capital spending:资本支出Liquidity：流动性Generally accepted accounting principles：公认会计准则Historical cost：历史成本The income st

4、atement：损益表Operating cash flow：经营现金流Earnings per share（EPS）每股收益Earnings before interest and taxes(EBIT):息税前利润Revenue ：收入Chapter 3: working with financial statementsShort-term solvency/liquidity ratios ：短期偿债能力、流动比率Long-term solvency/financial leverage ratios：长期偿债能力、财务杠杆比率Asset management or turnover

5、ratios：资产周转比率Profitability ratios：盈利比率Market value ratios：市场价值比率Quick (acid-test ratio)：速动比率/酸性比率Debt-equity ratio：债务权益比Equity multiplier：权益乘数Long-term debt ratio：长期债务比率Inventory turnover：存货周转率Days sales in inventory：存货周转天数Receivables turnover ：应收账款周转率Days sales in receivables：应收账款周转天数Return on asse

6、ts：资产报酬率Return on equity：权益报酬率Price-earning ratio ：市盈率Market-to-book ratio ：市净率Chapter 5 and chapter 6: discounted cash flow valuationtime value of money: 货币时间价值future value： 终值compounding/interest on interest：复利/利滚利present value：现值discount rate：贴现率discounted cash flow (DCF) valuation：贴现现金流股价Annuiti

7、es：年金Perpetuities：永续年金Preferred stock：优先股Common stock:普通股Interest-only loan：纯利息贷款Amortized loan：分期偿还贷款Chapter 7 and chapter 8: interest rates ,bond valuation and stock valuationBond:债券Bonds coupons：债券票面利息Face value/ par value：面值Par value bond：平价债券Bonds time to maturity：债券到期Yield to maturity (YTM)：到期

8、收益率Discount bond：折价债券Premium bond: 溢价债券Interest rate risk：利率风险Semiannual coupons：一年付息两次债券Zero coupon bond：零息债券Floating-rate bond：浮动利率债券Common stock:普通股The dividend growth model：股利增长模型Cumulative voting：累计投票Straight voting：直接选举Chapter 9: net present value and other investment criteriaNet present value

9、: 净现值Payback rule：回收期Discounted payback：折现回收期average accounting return：平均会计报酬率Internal rate of return：内部报酬率Mutually exclusive investments：互斥投资项目Profitability index：获利能力指数Chapter 10 and chapter 11:Making capital investment decisions and project analysisIncremental cash flows:增量现金流Sunk costs：沉没成本Oppor

10、tunity costs：机会成本Side effects：副作用Financing costs：融资成本Scenario analysis：情境分析Sensitivity analysis：敏感性分析Simulation analysis：模拟分析Break-even analysis：盈亏分析Fixed costs：固定成本Variable costs：变动成本Average cost versus marginal cost：平均成本/边际成本Operating leverage：经营杠杆Financial leverage：财务杠杆Chapter 12 and chapter 13:

11、risk and returnRisk premium：风险溢价Variability of returns：报酬率的变动Standard deviation：标准差Variance：方差Normal distribution：正态分布Arithmetic averages：算术均值Geometric averages：几何均值Capital market efficiency：资本市场有效性The efficient markets hypothesis (EMH)：有效市场假说Weak form efficient：弱有效Semi strong form efficient：半强有效Str

12、ong form efficient：强有效Chapter 12: return, risk and the security market lineExpected portfolio returns：期望组合收益率Portfolio risk：组合风险Security market line：证券市场线Diversification：多元化Portfolio risk：组合风险Systematic risk：系统风险Unsystematic risk：非系统风险Capital asset pricing model (CAPM)Chapter 14: cost of capitalWeig

13、hted average cost of capital (WACC)Cost of capital：资本成本Cost of equity：股权成本Risk-free rate：无风险收益率Market risk premium：市场风险溢价Flotation costs：发行成本Chapter 15: raising capitalVenture capital:风险资本Private equity：私募股权Public company/listed company：上市公司Go public：上市General cash offer：现金发行Rights offer：认股权发行/配股Initial public offering：首次公开发行Underwriter：承销商Chapter 16 and chapter 17: capital structure policy and dividend policyBankruptcy cos