普陀区高一牛津英语(试用本)

1、普陀区高一牛津英语（试用本）具体要求解读Unit Five Think before you eatI.【知识要点】1. 重点词汇：a mixed grill horribleoccasionally vegetarian influencereligion famine instead ofcrowd diseasecarry on soulrcontainpesticide argueput off 2. 重点句型：1. We dont need to hurry with lunch today.2. Sound good to you? Sounds horrible to me.3.

2、 No more bits of dead animals for me.4. Since when?5. Do you know thered be no more famines if we used land to grow food for people instead of cattle?6. carry on7. Simon, if youre trying to put me off my lunch, you wont succeed.8. We can argue again later.9. Lets change the subject.10. Pay special a

3、ttention to the phrases which indicate that information will be repeated.3. 重点语法：情态动词 II.【知识精讲】Reading 1. a mixed grill steak, pork chops, chicken and sausages一份什锦烤肉牛排，猪排，鸡肉和香肠。grill n. roasted meat 烤肉grill v. roast 烤其他一些关于做食物的动词：fry 炒, boil 煮, bake 烘, stew 焖，炖, deep-fry 油炸, steam 蒸pork chop n. cuts

4、 of pig meat containing some rib bone 猪排sausage n. long rolls of minced meat in a thin skin 香肠2. Sound good to you? 听上去好吗？Sounds horrible to me? 听上去真糟糕。此处是两句省略句。原句为Does it sound good to you? 和 It sounds horrible to me.horrible adj. very unpleasant, disgusting 糟糕的，令人讨厌的e.g. It was a horrible experien

5、ce to see so much blood on the floor. 看到地板上这么多的血真是一段可怕的经历。horror n. a feeling or quality of causing fear 害怕，糟糕（的感情）e.g. I cried out in horror as I saw the man killed.当我看到这个男人被杀，我害怕地叫了出来。e.g. horror film 恐怖片horrify v. to shock 使害怕be horrified at/ by 因而害怕。3. occasionally adv. sometimes 偶然地e.g. I occas

6、ionally go to concerts. 我偶尔去看音乐会。occasional adj. happening from time to time 偶尔的occasion n. a time or event when something happens 时刻，场合词组：on this occasion 在这个场合have occasion to do / for something 有机会（做）on occasion = occasionally 不时地e.g. He reads detective stories on occasion.他不时地看些侦探小说。take occasio

7、n to do 乘机做4. vegetarian n. someone who will not eat animal flesh 素食者e.g. She became a vegetarian when she saw the cruel way animals are killed.当她看到动物被杀时的残酷时，她立志成为一名素食者。vegetarianism n. 素食主义vegetable n. 蔬菜5. weekend n. Saturday and Sunday 周末e.g. Lets go to the Island Park at the weekend.这个周末让我们去小岛公园

8、。at weekend 在周末 on weekdays 工作日6. influence v. affect, sway 影响，起作用influence somebody to do 影响某人做e.g. I was influenced by my mum to become a nurse.我受我的妈妈的影响，想成为一名护士。e.g. What influenced you to do it?是什么影响你这么做的？influence n. 影响，作用have an influence on(upon) effect e.g. Environment is a great influence o

9、n character. 环境对性格有很大的影响。under the influence of 受的影响influential adj. 有影响力的e.g. an influential politician 一个有影响力的政治家7. religion n. belief in one or more gods, a particular system of belief and worship 宗教e.g. Ursula is in her 20th year of religion.邬秀拉修女修道已经有二十年了。 something that one takes very seriousl

10、y 非常认真（的人）e.g. Chris makes a religion of the Cricket. 克里丝打棒球很认真。religious adj. 宗教的，认真的 n. 修道士（女），僧侣，尼姑8. nun & monknun n. woman who has taken religious vows and who lives a simple life apart from society with other nuns 修女，尼姑e.g. Mother Teresa is a very famous nun.特里莎麽麽是一个很有名的修女。monk n. man who has

11、taken religious vows and who lives a simple life apart from society with other monks 修士，僧侣e.g. The monk lives in the mountains.和尚们住在山里。9. famine n. period of starvation 饥荒e.g. Africa has suffered many famines recently.非洲近来遭受了很多饥荒。 lack of something 缺乏，物质不足e.g. a water famine 缺水famish v. 挨饿 e.g. They

12、 were famishing for food. 他们没东西吃。famished adj. 挨饿的10. instead of 代替，取代e.g. Our teacher usually teaches us how to learn things instead of knowledge.我们的老师通常教我们如何学习东西而不是知识。Instead adv. 通常放在句末，或者以逗号隔开放在句中。e.g. Nowadays many tools are not made of metals, but plastic instead.现代很多工具都以塑料制造，而不是金属。11. crowded

13、 adj. having large numbers of people 拥挤的e.g. crowded city / train / bus 拥挤的城市/火车/公车crowd n. a large number of people gathered together 人群，群众e.g. There were large crowds of people in the streets on New Years Eve.除夕夜街上有大群的人。follow/ come with the crowd = to do what most people to do 随大流crowd v. of peop

14、le to fill 拥挤e.g. Dont all crowd together.不要都挤在一起。词组：crowd through 挤过 crowd into 挤进e.g. They crowded through the gates into the stadium.他们挤过大门进去运动场。12. disease n. illness, disorder of body or mind or plants 疾病e.g. mental disease / heart disease 精神/心脏病diseased adj. 有病的13. in their flesh 在它们的肉里flesh n

15、. soft muscle between skin and bones of animals 肌肉，肉词组：ones own flesh and blood 亲人put on flesh = become fat 变胖lose flesh = lose weight 减轻体重14. carry on 继续（做）e.g. Despite all the noise, he carried on reading.即使全是噪音，他还是继续看书。拓展词组： carry everything before one 势如破竹carry something forward 使事业进展carry off 带

16、走，运走carry out 实施计划，履行义务e.g. The plan should be carried out immediately.这个计划需要立刻被执行。carry through 贯彻（从头至尾）e.g. carry a plan through to the end 把一个计划贯彻到底15. soul n. spirit (of someone) 灵魂e.g. He believes that his soul will return to God when he dies. 他相信他死后他的灵魂会回到上帝那里去。词组：keep ones soul and body toget

17、her 糊口soulful adj. 充满感情的16. put off put a person off 使人打消念头，使人丧失兴趣e.g. Dont talk about food poisoning at the table, and you put me off the dinner.吃饭的时候不要谈论关于食物中毒的事，你让我没胃口。 delay, postpone 耽搁，延期 e.g. Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今日事，今日毕。17. contain v. include 包括e.g. The jar conta

18、ins sugar.这个罐子里有糖。e.g. This book contains a lot of illustrations.这本书里有很多的插图。 hold, seat 能容纳e.g. The auditorium will contain 3000 people.这个礼堂能容纳3000个人。 hold back (ones feeling) 抑制自己的感情，控制e.g. contain ones passion / anger / laughter 抑制某人的感情 / 怒气 / 笑声container n. 容器18. pesticide n. poison that kill ins

19、ects and other pest 杀虫剂e.g. Be careful where you spray the pesticides. 当你撒杀虫剂的时候小心点。-cide 是一个后缀，有kill的意思。e.g. homicide 杀人，杀人犯 suicide 自杀 insecticide 杀虫剂19. argue v. debate, dispute, discuss about 辩论，讨论 主要句型: argue about somethinge.g. Well argue about these points once again next time.我们下次会再讨论这些问题的。

20、argue for/ againste.g. He argued for / against the five-day-week holiday.他辩论赞同/反对五天的假期。 argue + that从句e.g. He argued that the experiment could be done in another way. 他辩论说这项实验可以换一种方法做. argue with somebody about something 争论e.g. Do as you are told, and dont argue with me.告诉你怎么做就怎么做，不要和我争论。 argue some

21、body into doing 说服某人做 e.g. I argued her into buying a new car.我说服她买辆新车。argument n. 争论 the argument with somebody about something 同某人讨论关于argumentation n. 论据，议论文Grammar Focus 1. have to 和need to have to 和must.的用法have to 常常表示外部情况和客观情况的需要，译成“不得不。”。可以有各种时态。must 表示主语的主观愿望和看法，有“必须”的意思。作为情态动词，没有时态的变化。例如： It

22、 is raining cats and dogs, and we have to stay at home.雨下得很大，我们不得不待在家里。例如： As your friend, I think I must tell you the truth.作为朋友，我想我必须告知你真相。 need 的用法 情态动词： need 作为情态动词，没有时态变化，后面直接跟动词原形，一般用于否定句或者疑问句中。例如：We neednt water the trees because it is going to rain soon.我们不必给树浇水，因为马上要下雨了。 以need 作情态动词开头的疑问句，肯定回答用must, 否定回答用neednt.例如：Need I hand in my composition now? Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. need 后面跟动词的完成式，构成虚拟，一般用于否定。neednt have done 指“本来不需要（而实际上）做了的事”。例如：You neednt have taken a taxi to come here, its only a short distance. 你本来不需要乘出租车来这里，只是很短的距离。（指已经坐了出租车）。试比较：例如： You neednt take a