中考英语秘籍(带答案)

1、词语运用涉及的词形变化种类L名词一复数、所有格;2 .数词一基数词、序数词、次数;3 .代词一主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词、名词性物主代词、反身代词；4 .形容词一副词、比较级与最高级形式;5 .副词一比较级、最高级形式;6 .动词一动词原形；动词第三人称单数；动词过去式；动词的过去分词；动词的现在分词形式;7 .转化词（见构词法）：water名词一动词;cut动词一名词；well副词一形容词；8,派生词（见构词法）：happyhappiness, friend friendlyfriendship;真题回顾1. Nasreddin was（please） when his cousin vi

2、sited him from Konya. （2019 河南中考）2. His first public show was at a school program in his（one） grade. （2019 河南中考）3. The earlier you start to value your life, the（early） you can enjoy it. （2019 河南中考）4. You don't need to deal with the（die） of your pet alone. （2019 质量检测）5. While you are（waste） it to

3、day, you'll realize you are at the end of it tomorrow.前缓前缀通常只改变词义，不改变词性。A.表示否定的前缀un-构成反义词，表示“不”例：unfit不合适的，unhappy不高兴的unusual不寻常的dis-构成反义词，表示“不”例：discover发现，disagree不同意，disability无力，残疾构成反义词，表示“不”，用于以c, b, m, p等开头的词。例：impossible不可能的，incorrect不正确的B.表示其他意义的前级：re-表示“再；又；重例：retell复述；repeat童复a-表示"

4、;的“，多构成表语形容词。例:alone单独的,alike相像的，awake醒着的写出下列词的适当形式1. cover （反义词）（名 词）2. agree（反义词）（名 词）3. possible（反义词）一（名 词）4. able（反义词）一（名 词）猜词义reread restore retell reappear recall redo形容词性后缴：1 .-ern 表示"方向的''o 例：east-eastern, west-western, south-southern, north-northern;2 .-ful表示“具备票种特征的“；例：care-ca

5、reful, help-helpful, use-useful, hope-hopeful, success-successful;3 .-Iess 表示否定 例：care-careless（粗心的）；use-useless（无用的）hope-hopeless（无希望的）；4 .-y 表示"天气”等。例：wind-windy, sun-sunny, rain-rainy, snow-snowy, cloud-cloudy;5 .-ous例：famous善名的,continuous连续不断的dangerous危险的6 .-ish 例：childish 孩6气的"selfish

6、 由私的7 .-en表示“某材质的“例：golden金色的，wooden木制的，woolen羊毛的副词性后缀-ly例:successfxil-successfully, slow-slowly, quiet-quietly, careful-carefully名词后缴：1 .-ment 例:agreement 一致; movement 运 动; encouragement 鼓励;2 .-ness 例：illness 疾病,happiness 快乐,darkness 黑暗，business 生意;事务3 .-tion 例:invention 发明 invitation 邀请4 .-er表示“人例

7、：worker工人，buyer买主5 .-or表示“人"。 例：actor演员，sailor海员6 .-ist表示“人"。例：pianist钢掌家，scientist科学家7 .-th 例：truth 真理，length 长度写出下列特殊词的适当形式1. care/（形容词）一 /（副 词）2. mean（名 词）（形 容词）3. develop_（名词）一 /（形容词）4.act/ （名词）一（形容词）5. appear （反义词）一（名词）6. direct _（导演）一（方向）7. image （动词）一（名词）8. perform （演员）（表演）9. please

8、（高兴的）（令人愉快的）一 （乐趣）词的转化（1）动词转化为名词有大量动词可以转化为名词，有时意思没变化。Let me have a trv：让我试一试。We stopped there for a swim.我们在那停下来游了一会儿泳。（2）名词转化为动词有相当多的名词可以用作动词，特别是许多表示物体的名词用作动词来表示动作Have you booked your ticket?你的票订好丁 吗？It can seat 1000 people.它能容纳 1000 人。一些表示某类人的名词也可做动词He insisted on staying up to nurse the child.他坚持

9、不睡觉来护理这个孩子。（3）形容词转化为动词The train slowed down to half its speed.火车速度减慢了 一半。常用同源词词性表1） death”.去世die匕死去dead,死的2） open 打开open adj.开着的3） clean-清理干净clean adj.干净的4） miss也错过 missing .错过的5） important adj.童要的 importance /?.< 要性6） hard adj.困难的;坚硬的hard qA努力地7） difficult adj.困难的 difficulty ,困难8） pride n.百豪 pro

10、ud adj.百豪的9） breath 气息、呼及breathe 也呼及10） choose v.挑选 choice .选择11） good adj.品质好的well ”力气色好的adw表现好地；12）过去分词用作形容词 worried, lost, broken, spoken, closed例如：broken windows 破碎的窗户 fallen leaves 落叶 spoken English 口语健康（healtli/healthy）L health n.健康your health你的健康in good health健廉状况良好2. healthy adj.健康的keep heal

11、thy保持健康；a healthy lifestyle健康的生活方式汉译英1 .为了保持健康，你必须要吃的好。.2 .吃的药物奏效了，所以我感觉很好。.3 .演讲完之后，我自我感觉良好。.4,你的烝程不仅做的很好看，而且尝起来也好吃。.去世(die, dead, death)l.die v.死The tree has died.那棵树已经死了。2 .dead adj,死的How long has his grandpa been dead?他爷爷巳去世多久了?3 .death n.死亡We felt sorry for his death.我们为他的去世而难过。4 .dying adj.病危的

12、The driver sent the dying man to hospital.那个司机把那个病危的人送到了医院。练习1. Ifs said that his father has for almost 3 years.A. died B. been dead C. been died D. dead2 .他的死亡引发了官方的关注。.3 .我们应该向病危的人伸出援助之手。.高兴(pleasure, pleased, pleasant)1. pleasure /?.=happiness 快乐Reading can bring us pleasure.阅读能为我们带来快乐。2. pleasan

13、t adj.= nice, comfortable 令人愉悦的、舒适的What a pleasant seat!多么舒适的座椅！ How pleasant the weather is !天气多么怡人！Mr Green is a pleasant teacher.格林先生是一位风趣的老师。3. pleased=satisficd adj 满意的 be pleased with=be satisfied with 对满意He is pleased with their warm welcome.他们的热烈欢迎使他很高兴/满意。4. Can you help me with my math? 能帮

14、助我学习数学吗？With pleasure=Glad to help.乐意效劳。5. It's my pleasure,不必客气。成 功(success, succeed)1. succeed m成功做(m domg)If you try, you can succeed.如果努力，你可以成功。He finally succeed getting the first prize through hard work.通过努力他终于获得了一等奖。2. success n.成 功The performance was a great success.表演获得巨大的成功。3. successf

15、ul, adj.成功的It's a very successful mo vie,这是部很成功的电影。4. successfully adv.成功地How can she cross the river successfully? 她怎么能够成功过河呢？真题回顾1. Dear friends, please read every sentence carefully. Details decide or not.(2019, 哈尔滨)A. successB. successfulC. succeedD. successfully2. How can she swimming acros

16、s the river?A. successful B. succeedC. successD. successfully3. As a businessman, Jobs1 passion and energy encouraged the world. (success )(2019,福州)sometime, some time> some times sometimes1 .sometimes=at times 偶 尔2.some times 几次，与 once, twice, three times 同类3.some time 一 段时间He has lived here for

17、 some time.他在这儿住 了 一段时间。4.sometime英时(不确定的时间)I met her sometime last week.上周某时我遇到过她。I hope to see you sometime next week.我希望下周找个时间见见你。the number, a number of1. the number代词 的数目，用作主语时谓语用单数;the number (of the studcnts)(学生的)数量2. a number of 形容词 一些=some/a few(A number of) students are reading.(一些)学生在读书。a

18、 small number of 少数的 a large number of 很多的感谢(thank sb / thanks to sb / thanks for sth.)1 . We should thank our parents for their great love.(thank our parents=be thankful to our parents)我们应该感谢父母对我们的关心。2 .Thanks for your help.多谢你的帮助。3,Thanks to the Internet, we can learn about the news very soon.多亏了互

19、联网，我们能非常快的了解新闻。选词填空thanks to , thanks for , thank sbL your help, or I can't succeed in my English speech.3 .you, this dog can recover from illness.3you for giving money to the Animal Helpers.as well as.1 .与一样好She can speak English as well as a native speaker.她的英语讲得跟本地人一样好。2 .也；与一样His parents enj

20、oy reading, and David enjoys reading as well.大卫和父母一样喜欢读书。同义句：(强调David)1) . David enjoys reading as well as his parents.2) . David, as well as his parents, enjoys reading.3) . Not only his parents but also David enjoys reading.小试身手1. Don't worry! You can do as as others some day if you practice m

21、ore.A. good B. well C. better D. best2. My best friend Rose, as well as her parents, often people in need nearby.A. help B. to help C. helps D. helpinginstead, instead of (取代；相反) instead强调与预想相反的情况，放到肯定句的句首或句尾;instead of后按名词或doing,表示“而不是“。例句：大卫没有跟我们一起购物，而是去了公园。1. David didn't go shopping with us.

22、 Instead. he went to the park.2. David didn't go shopping with us. He went to the park instead.3. David went to the park instead of going shopping.小试身手1.studying hard at school, Eric went to a movie on Monday.A. Instead B. Instead of C. Except D. Besides2. George, how can you prove the earth is

23、round?I can't, sir., I never said it was.A. Then B. However C. Besides D. InsteadSo doI/SoIdo/Neither do I.1. Lucy likes reading and so does Lily.露西喜欢阅读,丽丽也一样。=LiIy likes reading, too.2. Lucy is a good student.一So she is.确实是这样3. Lucy has never been abroad and neither has Lily.=Lily has never bee

24、n abroad, either.露西从没出过国，丽丽也一样。4. I don't have a pct.一Me, neithe匚/ Neither do I. /1 don't have a pet, either.我也没有。5. 一I have a pet.Me, too . / So do I. /1 have a pet, too,我也有。动词位于句首doing/to do/do的区别1 .陈述句表达观点时doing作主语，如：I think doing chores can help develop children's independence.我觉得做家务

25、有助干培养孩子的独立性。2 .todo位于句首用来强调主要动词的目的，如：To prove himself right, he did lots of experiments.为了证明他是对的，他做了大量的实险。To support his family, David has to work even harder.为了赛活一家人，戴维不得不工作更努力了。3 .表达指令的祈使句用d。，如：Open【he door and come in.把门打开进来吧。Gel up, or you will be late.起来，否则你就要迟到了。rather thanLratherthan（连词）连接两个对

26、等结构:“与其说不如说二Mary hopes to stay at home rather than me,3 丽比我更想呆在家里。I think Til have a cold drink ralherlhan coffee.我想我将来杯冷饮而不是咖啡 oThese shoes are comfortable rather ihan good-looking.这双鞋的舒适度比外观好些。You are doing this for yourself rather than for your friend.你这样做与其说为朋友，不如说为你囱己。I always prefer starting e

27、arly, rathe】 （han leaving everything to the last minute.我更倾向于早着手而不是把一切都推到最后一分钟。I decided to write rather ihan give him a call.我决定写信而不是打电话给他。2 .rather than可以和would连用,如would ratherthan或wouldrather than前后并列同等结构。1）rd rather have the red one than （have） （he green one.我愿意要个红色的而不要绿色的。2）rd take the slowest

28、train rather than go there by air.我宁愿坐慢车而不愿坐飞机。3）He would rather walk than drive.我宁愿走路，而不愿意开车。冠词L定冠词用到名词前边表示“特指”：如“第几、最”和一定范围内独一无二的事物，如theearth, the book on the table和特指双方都涌进的事物尺上又提到过的名词。总之，只要说话双方所 谈论的事物是双方心知肚明的，就用定冠词。另外，定冠词还用到乐器和姓的复数前，如thepiano, the SmithSo 2不定冠词用到名词前表示某一类别中的“一个”：如：a beautiful flow

29、er一束濠亮的花（漂亮花中的一束.）。3 .在修饰单数可数名词时，a用在辅音（这里指读音而不指字母）开头的单数名词之前；an用在以元音（指读音不指字母）开头的单数名词之前。如：a one-year-old baby, a university, a useful tool, a European country, an honest boy, an unusual day, half an houro小试身手用（a, an, /）完成下列空格。1.one-vcar-old baby;2. university3. European country4._useful book5.apartmen

30、t;6. _AJexciting story;7._important lesson;8.orange;9.11-year-old student;10. _unlucky day ;11.honest boy;12.interesting news;13._useful information;14.important advice;不用冠词的情况不可数名词表示类别时。如：We cannot live without water.没有水，我们就活不了。It's useful news/information/advice,这是有用的消息（信息、德议）。表示人名、地名的专有名词前不用冠

31、词。如：Lucy, China等。与季节月份相关的时间名词前不用冠词。如:in spring, on Teachers1 Day, in September, on Sunday饮食娱乐类名词前不用完词。如三餐（have breakfast/lunch/supper）、球类（play football/basketball）、棋（playchess） 学科（study maths/Chinese）0部分短语中不用冠词,如：go to school上学,go to university上大学;go to bed;睡觉stay in bed卧 病在床。数词1 .基数词与序数词Lesson Nine

32、, the ninth lesson 第九课Class twenty, the twentieth class 二十班2 .分数的表达法（分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子1时，分母加s）one third 1/3, two thirds 2/3, three fifths 3/53 .hundred, thousand, million 的用法two hundred students 两百名学生hundreds of students 几百名学生4 ,次数的表达once, twice, three times5,表示编号时，用基数词置于集体名词之后，如;Room 205; No. 6 bus

33、; Class 7 等。易拼错数词表1first第一8twenty-first第二十一2second第二9thirtieth第三十3fifth第五10thirty-third第三十三4ninth第九11fortieth第四十5twelfth第十二12forty-ninth第四十九6nineteenth第十九13ninetieth第九十7twentieth第二十14名词的种类类别意义例词专有名词表示人、地方、事物、机构、组 织等名称的词David, China普 通 名 词可数 名词个体 名词表示个体的人或事物的词book, radio集体 名词表示一群人或一些事物的词family, polic

34、e, class不 可数 名词物质 名词表示构成各种物体的物质或材料 的词wood, paper, water抽象 名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等 抽象概念的词wealth, health, danger名词前的修饰语不同的名词前面所使用的修饰语不同，比如：1 )much, little, a little, a piece of, a slice of 等只能修饰不可数名词；2)many, a number of, several, a couple of, a few, few, two boxes of 等只能修饰可数名词复数；3)some, plenty of, lots of等既能

35、修饰不可数名词也能修饰可数名词复数。名词的格当用来说明物体的所属时，用名词的所有格形式。名词所有格有以下几种表达方式：1 .单数名词所有格，在名词后加'S,如：Jim's book2 .复数名词的所有格，以s结尾的复数名词，只加'，如:Teachers' Day;不以s结尾的复数名词所有格, 在词尾加's,如：Women's Day03 .当说明两人共有某物时，只在后一个名词后加's,如：Linda and Tom's teacher;当两人不共有票物时, 两个名词后都加's,如;Linda's and Tom&#

36、39;s teacher04 .多亶所有格，除了在名词后加S还要借用。f, 如：a friend of my father's我的爸爸的一个朋友。5 .a photo of me 与 a photo of minea photo of me 一张我的肖像； a photo of mine 一张属于我的照片。6 .当某物是某一无生命的名词的组成部分时，用。f说明。如:the wall of the house 房子的墙;the windows of the classroom 教室的窗户7 .表示时间的名词也要通过词尾、或中的变化来说明时间段，如：ten days1 time十天的 时间

37、。有关“国民”的名词复数变化表单数复数单数复数1a ChineseChinese6a FrenchmanFrenchmen2a JapaneseJapanese7an AmericanAmericans3an AustralianAustralians8an IndianIndians4a RussianRussians9a CanadianCanadians5an EnglishmanEnglishmen10a GermanGermans名词规则变化复数表单数复数单数复数1a monkeymonkeys6a photophotos2a holidayholidays7a potatopota

38、toes3a babybabies8a thiefthieves4a familyfamilies9a knifeknives5a busbuses部分不规则变化的名词复数形式单数复数单数复数1a childchildren6a womanwomen2a footfeet7a sheepsheep3a toothteeth8a fishfish(fishes)4a mousemice9a personpeople5a manmen名词作定语时的里数形式单数复数单数复数1a sports meetingsports meetings4an apple treeapple trees2a man

39、workermen workers5a five-year-old boyfive-year-old boys3a woman teacherwomen teachers6a girl studentgirl students物主代词变化我属性形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词单数第一人称mymine第二人称youryours第三人称hishisherhersitsits复数第一人称ourours第二人称youryours第三人称theirtheirs人称代词变化表单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称hehimtheythemsheheritit反

40、身代词变化表人称年-复数第一人称myselfourselves第二人称yourselfyourselves第三人称himselfthemselvesherselfitselfoneself【巩固训练】用适当的反身代词完成空格。1. Anna said she could do the job.2. Kids, please be careful and look after.3. Sometimes we shouldn't only think for4. Who taught you to swim?Nobody. I taught.5. The woman raised her

41、3 children all by第11页/共39页很少 Oittle, few)替代词强调少'强调“足够”修饰复数名词few only/just a fewa few quite a few修饰不可数名词little only/just a littlea little still a littleThe teachefs lesson is boring, few (only a few) students like it. 那个老师的课很无聊，很少学生喜欢它。Don't worry about food, we still have a little left. 别担心食

42、物,我们还剩余一些。别的(another, other)另一别的指定范围内的the other (one)the other (ones) =the others未知领域的another (one)other (ones)=others1better tliaii the others (any other one)比其余的(其它任一)都好You are more hardworking than the other students (any other student)你比其余所有学生(其它任一个学生)都努力。2.1. .another two.=two others/more另两个3.

43、one + the other =全部(两个)one + the others=全部没有(none, nothingno one)l.none强调(指定对象)的数量：无一点；无一个1) How maoy apples did he buy?None .(强调没有买一个苹果)2) I have many friends, but none of them can speak English.我有很多朋友，但他们之中没有人会说英语。(强调我的朋友无一人)2. no one未指定对象：没有人一Who wants to be poor?No one wants to be poor. Everyone

44、 wants to be rich.3. nothing未指定为象：什么都没有What do you need to buy?Nothing. I have prepared everything for this trip.any- ； even-； some-；1.肯定句中：You can sleep in any room tonight. (any 具有不确定性"任一He has read every book here. (every 强调“全部2否定句中(somebody不能用于否定句):I don't want to see anybody today.(一 个

45、人也不见)You can't make everyone happy.(取悦所有人是不可能的)3.疑问句Was anyone hurt?(有人受伤吗？)2 .用作形式宾语。1) .我感觉考高分很难。I find it hard to get ©ood grades.2)你的前助让我上大学有了可能。Your help makes it possible for me to go to college.3 .用于强调句型。' JIt was the picture that reminded me of my childhood.是这张照片让我想起 了我的宜年。形容词用法

46、L系动词后。系动词种类如下：1 )be 动词，如：She is angry.2 ) “ 变化”类的 动词， 如：get angry, become happy, turn green3)“保捋”类的动词，如：keep healthy, stay angry, remain silent4)“ 感官''类动词，如：look happy, sound good, taste delicious, feel happy, smell good, seem worried2 .名词前，如：good students, worried mother3 .不定代词后，如:something

47、 nice, nothing interesting4 .宾语后,如:make her happy, find it easy to learn English知识检测4.1 hope all of you can keep our room.A. cleaned B. cleaning C. cleans D. clean2. Don't leave the door when you leave the classroom.A. opening B. open C. opened D. to open方式副词与港度副词L方式副词1)动词前：He quickly got up and

48、 left.2)动词后：He is listening to music carefully.2.程度副词1)绝对B程度副词very, too, so, as,这类副词不能修饰其它形容词或副词的比较级。如： David runs fastest. I can't run so fast.(那么快)2)相对"程度副词much, a little, even, far。这类副词修饰其它形容词或副词的比较级。如： Though you work hard, Gina works even harder.(更加努力)语气副词与地点副词1语气副词luckily 幸运地;actually

49、 事实上；unfortunately 不幸地；besides 另外;therefore 因此;however 然而; exactly确切地；nearly几乎;almost几乎；mostly大部分地;2.地点副词go home 回家；go there 去那；go abroad 出国;比£级二者比较:1） )Tony is much taller than Ed.2)The twins look nearly the same, Tony is the older one.3)How fast Tony runs!Ed runs much faster.三者比较1)1 have neve

50、r seen a taller boy than John before.2)Bnice is taller than the othes. (than any other one).3）Of all the students in the school, Ed works （he hardest.4）Ed is jhe most hard-wgrking student that I have ever seen.重叠比较：越来冢二I1）以-er结尾的耋叠比较级的结构为：harder and harder越来越难2）特殊变化的比较级重叠结构为：better and better越来越好3）以

51、添加more构成比较级的结构为:more and more difficult越耒越难递进比较：（条件）越，（结杲）越 l）the+形容词比较级+名词+ （主语+行为动词）The better grades you can get, .2） the +形容词比较级+ （主语+系动词）The taller you are, .3） the +副词比较级+ （主语+行为动词）The faster he runs,.练一练1. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard voice.A. a better B. a best C. the better

52、 D. the best2. In the exam, you are, mistakes you'll make.A. the careful ; the fewer B. more carefully, the fewerC. the more carefully ; the less D. the more careful ; the fewer.3. exercise you do , you will be.A. The more ; the more healthierB. Tlie much ; the healthierC. The much ; the more he

53、althyD. The more ; the healthier形容词和副词比较级和最高级变化规则：单音节词和少数双音节词在词尾加-er, vst构成比较级和最高级，分四种情况。A.一般直接加-er, -est, 例如：cold-coldercoldestB.以 e 结尾的名词,只加-r, -st.如：largelargerlargestC.以重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母的单音节形容词，先双写该福音字母，再加-er, -est.如: thinthinner-thinnestD.以“辅音字母+y"结尾的形容词，先把y变成i,再加-er或-est。例：busy-busier-bu

54、siest其它的双音节和多音节词，在其前加more或most,构成比较级和最高级。例如：difficultmore difficultmost difficult形容词和副词比较级和最高级特殊变化表1） good/wellbetter-best2） ill/bad/badly-worseworst3） many/muchmoremost4） littlelessleast5） far-farther/further-farthest/furthest努力（hard, hard-working）1. hard 的.困难的;坚硬的；艰苦的a hard question 一个很难的问题;a hard

55、 seat 一张硬座;hard work艰苦的工作 adv.努力地；（雨下的程度）猛烈地study hard学习努力;rain hard雨下得很大2. hardly ”小几乎不I can hardly see anything.我几乎什么也看不到。hardly ever=seldom 很少He hardly ever does his homework.他很少做作业。3. hard-working adj勤奋的Eric is a very hard-working student. Eric 是一个非常勒吉的学生。汉译英1 .父母希望我们在学校努力学习。.2 .他是一个多么勤奋的孩子啊。.3你说的太快了以至于我几乎没理解。.4 .你辰好不要出去因为外面的雨下的很大。.好(good, well)1. good adj.好的a good boy 一个好男孩，sound good听起来不错,be goo