新视野英语教程 2 U7

1、精选ppt NEW HORIZON ENGLISH COURSES Book Two精选pptUnit 7 Pollution1Around the Topic2Section A3Section B4Section C Leading in Exploring the Topic Plus Activities Warming-up Text A Exercises Background Information Reading Through Exercises Related Knowledge Sample Reading Exercises Useful Terms精选ppt Poll

2、ution is a major problem in the world today. It damages the environment and is harmful to humans, animals and plants. Although pollution can be a result of natural disasters such as earthquakes and forest fires, it is mostly caused by human activity. With the increase of population and the developme

3、nt of technology, pollution in our modern-day world has reached dangerous levels. Clean and fresh air is now a luxury in many big cities and the water in many of our rivers and lakes are too polluted to drink and swim in. The environment is our life support systemthe only one that we have. We should

4、 do our best to save it before its too late. 精选pptDirections: Land, air and water pollution are the three main types of pollution. Look at the pictures below and write down what particular form of pollution each picture describes. Then choose from the answers (A-H) provided in the boxes at the botto

5、m of the page to complete the rest of the information for each picture. Answers may be used more than once. Form of pollution: _Its sources: _ Its effects: _ AirF A DC A D HWays to prevent or reduce it: _ 精选pptForm of pollution: _ Its sources: _ Its effects: _ Ways to prevent or reduce it: _ Form of

6、 pollution: _ Its sources: _ Its effects: _ Ways to prevent or reduce it: _ Water Land H E IC B I B C G C E G 精选pptSources of Pollution A. Waste gases from automobiles B. Littering C. Use of chemicals in farming D. Burning coal to heat homes E. Sewage and waste water from homes and factories F. Emis

7、sions of harmful gases from factories G. Waste materials from homes and industries dumped in landfills H. Garbage dumped into the sea Effects of Pollution A. Cause people to get sick B. Kill animals and plants C. Give off bad smells D. Produce acid rain E. Pollute soil and groundwater F. Cause anima

8、ls to lose their homes G. Reduce farming land H. Contribute to the greenhouse effect/global warming 精选pptWays to Prevent or Reduce Pollution A. Invest in green energy such as wind or solar energy B. Reduce the amount of coal and gas we burn C. Exercise tougher control on factories and companies D. U

9、se energy-efficient cars E. Reduce and recycle the waste we create F. Cut down on chemicals in farming G. Treat sewage before it enters rivers H. Educate people to avoid littering 精选pptDirections: You will hear a short passage. Listen carefully and answer the following questions.1. What is the first

10、 solution to reduce air pollution ?2. What is the second solution to reduce air pollution ?精选pptSuggested answer: Too many cars have caused a lot of serious problems in our world. Besides congestion, accidents and fast fuel consumption, cars are responsible for a good part of air pollution in big ci

11、ties. One possible solution is to design and develop clean cars and clean fuels. In Shanghai, some of the public buses begin to run on natural gas, which does not give off as much carbon dioxide as petrol.Return精选pptSuggested answer: Another solution is to develop modern public transportation system

12、s and restrict the use of private cars. If the price of petrol rises constantly and the public vehicles are efficient and convenient enough, most people will not buy private cars. Thus, the total number of cars in big cities will reduce greatly. On the whole, the elimination of air pollution needs t

13、he collective efforts from the government, the public and the environmentalists.Return精选pptSmog in My CitySection A:精选ppt Smog is a type of air pollution that occurs when smoke or other pollutants in the air mixes with fog. The word “smog,” a blend of “smoke” and “fog,” was first coined in the early

14、 20th century to describe the smoky fog that hung over London and some other large cities at that time. Unfortunately though, more than one hundred years later, smog remains a familiar sight in many places around the world, especially in big cities with a lot of industry and traffic. 精选pptText A por

15、trays a city plagued by smog. The writer describes how serious the smog condition is in the city where he lives and explores the underlying causes of the problem. Although the name of the city is not revealed, it stands as a perfect example of a city that has yet to find a balance between economic g

16、rowth and environmental protection.精选pptSmog in My City When I wake up in the morning, I pause briefly before opening my curtains, and what I see out of my window is likely to set the tone for the rest of the day. Para. 1雾都早上醒来，在打开窗帘前，我停顿了一下，我在窗外看到的情景将会为整个一天定下基调。精选pptI am not checking up on the weat

17、her. Instead, I want to know exactly how bad the pollution is going to be. On some mornings, it is truly horrible. It is as if the whole city has been turned into a smokers room with a yellowish color staining the sky. Para. 2我并不是想看看天气如何，我只是想知道这一天的空气污染将会有多严重。有些早上，污染确实非常可怕，整个城市仿佛变成了一个吸烟室，天空被染成了淡淡的黄色。

18、精选pptPara. 3And this month, pollution in my city went from bad to. well, dangerous. The hospitals were filled with patients, old and young, suffering from breath-related problems. People were warned to stay indoors and the streets were unusually quiet. 这个月，整座城市的污染程度由严重变成了危险。医院里到处都是病人，老的少的，患的都是和呼吸道相关

19、的疾病。人们被警告要呆在室内，街道也变得异常安静。精选pptSales of air purifiers for homes, as well as face masks, rocketed and some stores simply ran out. Even for a city that is used to pollution, this was an emergency. 家用空气净化器和口罩的销售量猛增，有些商店干脆脱销。即使对于一个已经习惯了污染的城市，这种情形也是一个紧急状况。Para. 4精选pptFor years, the local authorities often

20、 played down the pollution in the city, insisting it was fog in most cases, despite evidence to the contrary that was plain for all to see. Para. 5多年来，地方政府对这座城市的污染状况常常轻描淡写，坚持声称大多数的情况只是雾而已，尽管与此相反的证据显而易见。 精选pptFaced with public pressure, the local authorities started publishing the hourly air-quality

21、readings this year. And when the recent unusually heavy smog hit, the state media, for the first time on this issue, made its voice heard. 面对公众压力，地方政府今年开始每小时发布一次空气质量指数。 当最近一次特别严重的雾霾来袭时，官方媒体首次对这一污染问题发出了声音。Para. 6精选pptThe pollution story led the countrys main evening TV news program. Even the major na

22、tional daily newspaper ran a headline asking “Whats wrong with our air?”. Well, the answer is not far to seek. The problem is caused by the country developing at a speed and scale unheard-of in history. It has been growth at all costs, resulting in widespread environmental worsening. Para. 7污染的报道出现在

23、国家主要的晚间电视新闻节目的头条位置，连最大的全国性的日报也刊登了这样的标题：“我们的空气到底怎么了？”答案并不难找，污染问题是由这个国家空前的发展速度和规模造成的。这种不惜一切代价的增长，导致了环境的广泛恶化。 精选pptCoal-burning energy plants power the countrys factories; they provide the heat for hundreds of millions of homes, but they also emit poisonous gases into the air. In my city alone, several

24、 million cars choke the streets, an illustration of the countrys growing prosperity. But all these vehicles, normally bumper to bumper, are also a sign of a country that is not coming to terms with pollution. Para. 8燃煤发电厂为这个国家的工厂提供电力，也为数亿家庭提供暖气，但是它们也把有毒有害气体排放到空气中。单单就我们这座城市，几百万辆的车把街道挤得水泄不通，这是国家日益繁荣的例

25、证，但是，车辆一辆紧接着一辆的状况也表明了这个国家还没有真正地来面对和处理污染。精选pptAnd it is not just the air quality. Lakes, rivers and underground water supplies have all been badly polluted by lightly regulated industry. Almost no one in the city trusts the water that comes out of their taps. 这不仅仅只是空气质量，由于工业监管不力，湖泊、河流和地下水供应都受到了严重的污染。

26、在这座城市，几乎没有人相信他们水龙头里流出来的水是安全无害的。 Para. 8精选pptSo maybe the great smog of this city in recent days will mark a turning point. A time when the people say: “We need to put quality of life before economic growth.” In recent months, there have been several large-scale protests against factories being built

27、 in various cities. Para. 9也许这个城市这几天的严重雾霾将成为一个转折点。在这个时刻，人们要说：“我们需要把生活质量放在经济增长之上。”在最近几个月，已经有几次大规模的抗议活动，反对一些城市正在兴建的工厂。精选pptPara. 10But a huge sea change looks unlikelyfor now, anyway. Economic growth remains the citys top priority. Without it, large numbers of people could be left unemployed. There ar

28、e still millions of people who want the keys to their first car, their first air-conditioner, even a fridge. 但是彻底的改变看起来不太可能，至少目前不可能。经济增长仍然是这座城市的重中之重，没有它，大量的人员会失业。还有数以百万计的人想拿到他们第一辆车的钥匙，他们的第一台空调，甚至一台冰箱。精选ppt谁又能剥夺他们实现梦想的权利？出于这个原因，在这个城市，洁净的空气在未来的几年里仍可能非常稀罕。一些富人把他们的孩子带到加拿大或澳洲定居，但对于大多数人，他们没有这样的选择。 Who is

29、going to be the one to deny them their dream? For that reason, clean air is likely to remain a rarity in my city for years to come. Some wealthy people are taking their kids to live in Canada or Australia. But for most, that is not an option. Para. 10精选pptPara. 11As for me, after about five years of

30、 living here, I have ordered my first air purifier. And I now wear a face mask for my bike ride to work. And every morning, before opening my curtains, I pause and hope that the wind has blown the pollution away. 至于我，生活在这里大约五年后，我已经订购了我的第一个空气净化器，我现在骑自行车上班会戴上口罩。每天早晨，在打开窗帘前，我会停顿一下，希望风已经把污染吹散。精选pptText

31、A is a descriptive piece of writing describing the smog problem of an unnamed city. First, Setting the scene for the passage and introducing the reader to a city plagued by constant air pollution. Then ,detailing different aspects of the smog problem in the city. Last, echoing the beginning of the p

32、assage and concluding the passage on a note of pessimism: The writer describes what he is doing to live with the smog, implying that people are left to their own devices to cope.Main Idea精选pptMain idea:The writer describes what he is doing to live with the smog, implying that people are left to thei

33、r own devices to cope.)StructureMain idea:Pollution became worse this month, adversely affecting life in the city; Official response to the smog problem: A change of attitude; Causes of the problem; Sea change unlikely to happen anytime soon. Main idea:Setting the scene for the passage and introduci

34、ng the reader to a city plagued by constant air pollution. Part II: Para. 3-10Part III: Para. 11Part I: Para. 1-2精选pptMeaning: and what I see out of my window will probably decide what the rest of the day would be like.1Meaning: Im not trying to find out what the weather is like. Rather, I want to k

35、now exactly how bad the pollution is going to be. 2 and what I see out of my window is likely to set the tone for the rest of the day. I am not checking up on the weather. Instead, I want to know exactly how bad the pollution is going to be. 精选pptMeaning: On some mornings, it is really very bad. 3Me

36、aning: with the sky turning into a yellowish color.4On some mornings, it is truly horrible. with a yellowish color staining the sky. 精选pptMeaning: The hospitals are full of patients. Some are old, some are young, and they are suffering from diseases related to breathing.5Meaning: People were told to

37、 stay inside and the streets were quieter than usual.6The hospitals were filled with patients, old and young, suffering from breath-related problems. People were warned to stay indoors and the streets were unusually quiet. 精选pptMeaning: Sales of home air purifiers and face masks shot up and in some

38、stores they were just all sold out. 7Meaning: Even for a city thats familiar with pollution, this was a serious situation that must be dealt with immediately.8Sales of air purifiers for homes, as well as face masks, rocketed and some stores simply ran out. Even for a city that is used to pollution,

39、this was an emergency. 精选pptMeaning: For years, the local government often tried to make people believe that the pollution in the city was not so bad, saying that it was just fog in most situations, although it was obvious that the evidence pointed to the opposite direction.9For years, the local aut

40、horities often played down the pollution in the city, insisting it was fog in most cases, despite evidence to the contrary that was plain for all to see. 精选ppt10Meaning: And when the recent unusually heavy smog happened, the government media reported the problem for the first time.11And when the rec

41、ent unusually heavy smog hit, the state media, for the first time on this issue, made its voice heard. Meaning: Because of public pressure, the local government started to make the air-quality figures available to people every hour this year.Faced with public pressure, the local authorities started

42、publishing the hourly air-quality readings this year. 精选pptMeaning: Even the major national daily newspaper published an article with the title: “Whats the matter with our air?”12Meaning: The problem is caused by the fact that the country is developing at a speed and size never heard of in history.1

43、3Even the major national daily newspaper ran a headline asking “Whats wrong with our air?” The problem is caused by the country developing at a speed and scale unheard-of in history. 精选pptMeaning: The country is willing to pay any price to achieve economic growth and the result of this is large-scal

44、e damage to the environment. 14Meaning: Energy plants that use coal to produce electricity to supply the countrys factories with power; they provide the heat for hundreds of millions of homes, but they also send out harmful gases into the air. 15It has been growth at all costs, resulting in widespre

45、ad environmental worsening. Coal-burning energy plants power the countrys factories; they provide the heat for hundreds of millions of homes, but they also emit poisonous gases into the air. 精选pptMeaning: Just in my city, several million cars fill the streets, which is a sign of the countrys growing

46、 wealth.16Meaning: But all these vehicles, which usually are so close to each other that their bumpers are almost touching, also show that the country is not yet trying to face and deal with the pollution problem.17In my city alone, several million cars choke the streets, an illustration of the coun

47、trys growing prosperity. But all these vehicles, normally bumper to bumper, are also a sign of a country that is not coming to terms with pollution. 精选pptMeaning: Industries are not properly managed and controlled, which results in the serious pollution of lakes, rivers and underground water supplie

48、s. 18Meaning: Almost no one in the city believes that the water that comes out their taps is safe. 19Lakes, rivers and underground water supplies have all been badly polluted by lightly regulated industry. Almost no one in the city trusts the water that comes out of their taps. 精选pptMeaning: Almost

49、no one in the city believes that the water that comes out their taps is safe. 20Meaning: “Quality of life should be treated as more important than economic development.”21So maybe the great smog of this city in recent days will mark a turning point. “We need to put quality of life before economic gr

50、owth.” 精选pptMeaning: In recent months, there had been several big public demonstrations against the building of certain factories in different cities.22Meaning: But a big complete change doesnt seem very possible, at least for the present.23In recent months, there had been several large-scale protes

51、ts against factories being built in various cities. But a huge sea of change looks unlikely, for now, anyway. 精选pptMeaning: Without it, a lot of people would become jobless.24Meaning: For that reason, it is likely that clean air will continue to be something very uncommon in my city for years in the

52、 future. 25Without it, large numbers of people could be left unemployed. For that reason, clean air is likely to remain a rarity in my city for years to come. 精选pptMeaning: But most people dont have enough money to take their children to live in another country.26Meaning: I stop for a moment and hop

53、e that the wind has carried the pollution away.27But for most, that is not an option. I pause and hope that the wind has blown the pollution away. 精选pptNew wordssmogcurtain tone pollution horrible smoker yellowish stain patient breath relateunusually sale purifier mask rocket emergency fog evidence

54、plain pressurepublish media main unheard-of growthwidespread environmental coal power 精选pptNew wordsheatemit poisonous gas choke illustrationprosperity vehicle bumper underground supplybadly pollute regulate industry trust tap economic protest huge unlikelyanyway unemployed fridge rarity blow 精选pptP

55、hrases and expressions set the tone (for something) check up on run out play down to the contrary at all costs result in come to terms with turning point sea change 精选pptn. U; C mixture of smoke and fog 烟雾（指城市里由汽车和工厂废气所造成的不洁空气） e.g. Smog is a major problem in Los Angeles. 在洛杉矶，烟雾污染是一个很严重的问题。 当我们飞入机场

56、时，可以看到深黄色的烟雾盘旋在城市的上空。As we flew into the airport, we could see a dark yellow smog hovering over the city. smog Practice :精选ppt1) singular; U the general feeling or attitude expressed in a piece of writing, a speech, an activity etc 基调；气氛 e.g. The tone of the report was radical. 报告的基调十分激进。toneestabli

57、sh a particular mood or character for something 为某事确定基调 e.g. His funny opening speech set the tone for the evening. 他幽默风趣的开场白为整个晚会定下了基调。 set the tone for something n. 精选ppt2) C the quality of somebodys voice, especially expressing a particular ，emotion 语气；口吻 e.g. Dont speak to your mother in that to

58、ne of voice. 不要用这样的语气对你妈妈说话。 It wasnt so much what she said that annoyed meit was her tone. 并不是她说的话，而是她说话的语气把我惹恼了。set the tone for something Practice :精选pptobtain information in order to establish the truth about someone or something 检查；核实 e.g. My parents are always checking up on me. 我父母老是查我在干什么。 c

59、heck up on I need to check up on a few things before I can decide. 我需要核实几件事情后才能做决定。Practice :精选pptn. U the process of damaging the air, water or land with chemicals or other substances 污染 e.g. The new law is aimed at reducing pollution in the air. 新的法律旨在减少空气的污染。pollution精选pptadj. very bad or unpleas

60、ant 可怕的 e.g. The coffee tastes horrible. 这咖啡太难喝了。 It was horrible sitting there all on my own. 我独自一人坐在那儿太可怕了。horriblePractice :精选pptadj. slightly yellow 微黄色的e.g. The leaves vary from yellowish green to dark green. 树叶的颜色从淡淡的黄绿到深绿不等。 yellowish 精选pptvt. leave a mark on (something) that is difficult to