从命题看广东高考备考

1、从命题看广东高考备考从命题看广东高考备考朱洋清华南师范大学试题结构题干题干（输入输入）：文本（词、句、篇）、图画、音频、视频等 | | 语言层面语言层面：词、句、篇考点考点（过程过程）：语言知识语言知识：词汇知识、语法知识、语篇知识 | 认知策略认知策略：识别、理解、推理、概括、产出 |答案答案（输出输出）： 干扰项的设置方法： 基于答案的干扰项（根据正确答案编写干扰项） 基于原文的干扰项（干扰项源自原文） 基于学生的干扰项（根据学生可能的答案） 基于经验的干扰项（根据命题老师的经验）命题的基本过程 选材 设置考点 设置干扰项21. Tom: Mike, our team will play

2、against the Rockets this weekend. Im sure we will win. Mike: _! A. Congratulations B. Cheers C. Best wishes D. Good luck题干考点干扰项答案阅读理解阅读理解：考点分类信息量信息量单句信息单句信息句组信息句组信息全文信息全文信息信息理解信息理解意义理解意义理解 字面意义 解释意义 语境意义 隐含意义 推理意义 概括意义语言理解语言理解词义猜测 篇章结构超篇章信息超篇章信息 作者态度 写作目的考点设置的基本原则: 信息块信息块考点明确考点明确分布合理分布合理试题分析阅读理解阅读理解

3、：干扰项 基本原则： a. 干扰信息来源于原文 b. 干扰信息要集中 c. 不要互相干扰信息组合试题分析完形填空完形填空：考点分类 词词：词语搭配词语搭配 句句：结构和意义：结构和意义 篇篇：衔接和连贯：衔接和连贯考点设置的基本原则: 关联性关联性考点明确考点明确分布合理分布合理试题分析完形填空完形填空：命题原则考点词语考点词语选择考试词语的原则是：它必须可以根据篇章结构、意义连贯或其它上下文信息进行推导的词语。线索词语线索词语线索词语或结构主要来源于词语搭配、句子结构、篇章衔接和意义连贯等信息。干扰项干扰项完形填空的干扰项主要从搭配、结构、意义或连贯四个层面对答案进行干扰。试题分析该题的考点

4、设置1.的熟悉度2.的复杂度3.的难易度写作写作/口语口语：命题原则试题分析试题分析试题分析听力听力语法语法完形填空完形填空阅读阅读写作写作07试题08试题208试题题材多样化，口头语特征明显，理解层面逐年提高题材多样化，口头语特征明显，理解层面逐年提高强调应用，培养学生结构与意义融合意识强调应用，培养学生结构与意义融合意识通过考查实义词的用法，强化学生的篇章连贯意识通过考查实义词的用法，强化学生的篇章连贯意识选材多样性，提高学生多种体裁的理解能力选材多样性，提高学生多种体裁的理解能力主题生活化，语言产出个性化主题生活化，语言产出个性化语言思维培养语言思维培养示例实例分析Tristan da

5、Cunha, a 38-square-mile island, is the farthest inhabited island in the world, according to the Guinness Book of Records. It is 1,510 miles southwest of its nearest neighbor, St. Helena, and 1,950 miles west of Africa. Discovered by the Portuguese admiral (葡萄牙海军上将)of the same name in 1506, and settl

6、ed in 1810, the island belongs to Great Britain and has a population of a few hundred. Coming in a close second - and often wrongly mentioned as the most distant land - is Easter Island, which lies 1,26o miles east of its nearest neighbor, Pitcairn Island, and 2,300 miles west of South America. The

7、mountainous 64-square-mile island was settled around the 5th century, supposedly by people who were lost at sea. They had no connection with the outside world for more than a thousand years, giving them plenty of time to build more than 1,000 huge stone figures, called moai, for which the island is

8、most famous. On Easter Sunday, 1722, however, settlers from Holland moved in and gave the island its name. Today, 2,000 people live on the Chilean territory (智利领土). They share one street, a small airport, and a few hours of television per day.语法结构语法结构Autumn is the season that falls between31 summer

9、and winter. There are many changes whinch/that32 begin in this fascinating season. Days become shorter33 (short). Leaves of trees turn from green to vibrant red, yellow and orange. Trees need sunlight to keep 34their leaves lively green. 35By sunlight leaves turn colors. The grass is no longer blank

10、eted with dew 36 but with frost, almost every morning, 37when temperatures reach the 38 freezing (freeze) point. Animals start storing up a food supply 39to last (last) the long winter months. 40 Many changes occur as we adjust from the heat of the summer to the chill of the winter. 词形变化冠词、物主代词、指示代词

11、代词连词介词句子意义的逻辑性句子意义的逻辑性词语搭配意义关系修饰搭配并列搭配主谓搭配固定搭配篇章衔接手段Before elections, political candidates are very busy. They have frequent meetings with their 24 . But most of their time is 25 campaigning, shaking hands and making speeches to the 26 . There are different groups of voters from whom politicians try

12、 to win 27 . Most large cities have black and Spanish speaking communities who elect powerful 28 . Some politicians appeal to businessmen while others appeal to laborers. Many politicians run for office by taking sides on important issues, such as balancing government budget, getting 29 rights for w

13、omen, fighting corruption and creating job opportunities.24 A. candidates B. politicians C. supportersD. officials25 A. taken B. wasted C. delivered D. spent26 A. candidates B. people C. publicD. communities27 A. support B. vote C. candidates D. campaign28 A. candidates B. politicians C. officialsD.

14、 supporters29 A. extra B. particular C. differentD. equal示例篇章连贯性意义关系因果关系例证关系解释关系示例篇章主题二、基础写作评分说明 基础写作主要考查考生的语言结构的应用能力：能够应用正确、规范的语言表达特定的内容。 本试题要求考生根据所提供的信息，使用5个句子表达写作内容所提供的全部内容。命题思想是要求考生在表达这些内容时能够： 正确使用被动语态，比如：The contest was cancelled/ None were contested during the 1904 and 1928 Games/ Women were f

15、irst allowed to compete in Olympic shooting in 1968等。 表达并列、转折等关系，比如：and, but等。 在评分时，应注意以下几个方面： 1按照评分标准，实行分析法评分：按语言、内容和连贯三项标准分别给分； 2在语言方面，重点评判句子的语法结构是否正确、用词是否规范；考生是否使用了合适的句型结构； 3在内容方面，重点评判考生是否表达所提供的全部信息；如果考生在表达完整的内容时，适当添加一些内容，不扣分； 4在连贯方面，重点评判5个句子是否构成一篇连贯的短文。 写作内容假设你就是信中的Ari, 父亲在你出生的时候写了这封信。今天是父亲50岁的生日，你准备以写信的方式，祝贺他的生日。以下是信的内容（信的开头和结尾已经为你写好）：1、以约30个词概括父亲在他信中对你的期望；2、以约120个词表达你对父亲的感恩，并包括如下要点： 读信后的感受 以你自己成长的经历，说明你的感受； 表达你对父亲的感激和祝福。写作要求1. 作文中可使用自己的亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子；2. 信中不能出现真实的姓名和学校名称。评分标准概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，篇章联贯。 2读写任务评分标准如何看年报数据？如何看年