2020年中考英语语法高频考点专题六动词附答案

1、2020年中考英语语法高频考点专题六动词高频考点巧突破淤考点一、动词及其分类分类动词主要功能是充当谓语，用来表示主语做什么（即行为动词），或表示主语是什么或怎么样（即状态动词）的词，例如：Theboyrunsfast.（这个男孩跑得快。）runs表示主语的行为Heisaboy.（他是个男孩。）is与后面白表语aboy表示主语的状态动词可以按照含义及它们在句中的作用分成四类，即连系动词、情态动词、助动词和行为动词（也称实义动词）。充当谓语系动词情态动助动词独立充当谓语系动词+表语J1情态动+动词原形Jf助动词+动词原形K点二、系动词的用法连系动词是表示主语是什么”或怎么样”的词，它虽有词义，但不

2、完整，所以不能单独作谓语，必须跟表语J起构成合成谓语。连系动词可具体分为三类：1、表示是"的动词be。它在不同的主语后面和不同的时态中有不同的形式。如：Hewasasoldiertwoyearsago.（两年前他是个士兵。）WeareChinese.（我们是中国人。）2、表示变"、变成”的意思的词，如become,get,grow,turn,都解释为变“、变得"，例如：Shebecameacollegestudent.（她成了一名大学生。）Hefeelssick.Hisfaceturnswhite.（他感到不舒服，他的脸色变苍白了。）3、表示感觉”的词，如look

3、（看起来），smell（闻起来），sound（听起来）等，例如：Thestorysoundsinteresting.（这个故事听起来很有趣。）Theflowerssmellsweet.（这些花闻起来很香。）常接形容词作表语主谓be动词become,seem,turn,grow,get,keep,sta官动词be+adv.+adj如何是"11|look,sound,taste,smell,feel考点三、情态动词的用法这类词本身虽有意义，但不完整。它们表示说话人的能力、说话人的语气或情态，如可能“、应当”等。这类动词有can,may,must,need,dare,could,might

4、等。它们没有人称和数的变化，不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词（原形）一起作谓语，表示完整的意思。构成疑问句时，通常放在主语前面；构成否定句时，not放在这些情态动词之后。可用它们的缩写形式（can't,cannot,mustn等）t。例如：Icandance.（我会跳舞。）can,能，会Hecan'twalkbecauseheisababy因为他是个婴儿，不会走路。）can'爵必MayIcomein?（我可以进来吗？）may,可以may答语:肯定Certainly./Sure./Yes,youcan.否定Sorry,butyoucan't/mustnt情态动词必须

5、“MustI?Yes,youmust.No,youneedn't/don'thaveto.|不可能"can't卜|.CZ-7二一.二.r不得不DoIhaveto.»es,youmust.No,youneedn't/don'thaVeto.需要”实义动词：notneedtodosth.情态动词：needn'tdosth._JWouldyouliketodo?答语"I'dliketo”"I'dliketo,but.”hadbetter最好（不）做某事”You'dbetterdo/You&

6、#39;dbetternotdo考点四、助动词这类词本身无词义，不能单独作谓语，只能与主要动词一起构成谓语，表示不同的时态、语态、表示句子的否定和疑问，例如：HedoesnotspeakEnglishwell.（他英语讲得不好。）句中的does是助动词，既表示一般现在时，又与not一起构成否定形式。Didhehaveanymilkandbreadforhisbreakfast?（他早餐喝牛奶、吃面包吗？）句中的did是助动词，既表示一般过去时，又和动词have一起构成疑问。实义动词身份助动词身份/强调功能考点五、实义动词实义动词又叫行为动词，是表示行为、动作或状态的词。它的词义完整，可以单独作

7、谓语，有人称、数和时态的相应变化。例如：IliveinBeijingwithmymother.（我和我妈妈住在北京。）live,住Ithasaroundface.（它有张圆脸。）has,有实义动词及物动词必须跟宾语不及物动词不直跟宾语名称般现在时般过去时现在进行时过去进行时般将来时过去将来时had+done现在完成时时间标志谓动I某次过去做be+doingwas/were+doingwill+do过去将要做have/has+done平时经常做现在正在做现在将要做语公被动：be+done匚一般现在时-1一般过去时（一般将来时含情态动词工选项有无被动只需考虑时态该而不：感官发生实现出版使役动词正常

8、不带to被动则带到过去已做考点六、动词词形变化动词在句子中充当谓语的同时，随着时态或语态的变化，也有自己的特有变化。动词词形变化现在分词过去式、过去分词s,x,sh,ch,o+es+ing+ed去e+ing辅+y一i+ed双写+ing双写+ed辅+y一i+es辅元辅，且重读，不忘双写尾字母（除组合外）不规则考点七、非谓语动词及其应用。作主语被视为单不定式todo现在分词doingJ过去分词done作主语2）常被形式主备it代替）作表语作主语作宾语作宾语作宾补省to或不省作定语要后置，省介否J判定：后有谓动havesth.done使被bedoing”正在做"bedone"被做

9、"1表目的，原因宾从省略式疑问词+todoI高效特训速提升於、选择填空1 .There_lotsofpeopleattherestaurantwhenIgotthere.A.isB.wasC.areD.were2 .Youeatthesoupifyoudon'tlikeit.A.shouldn'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.can't3 .Thissentenceright.Pleasewriteitdown.A.feelsB.soundsC.tastesD.smells4 .Mysisterwantsanewdress.Sheit

10、totheparty.A.wearsB.haswornC.woreD.isgoingtowear1.1 didn'thearyoubecauseIthenewsontheradio.A.listentoB.amlisteningtoC.listenedtoD.waslisteningto1.2 myhomework,IguessIcan'tjoinyou.A.dontfinishB.didn'tfinisIC.haven'tfinishedD.won'tfinish7. -Whoseisthepencilbox?-ItbeToms.Lookathisna

11、meonthecover!A.canB.mayC.mustD.need8. abookinthelibrary,enterakeywordintothecomputer.A.TofindB.FindC.TowriteD.Write9. Theclothingstoreasale.Theclothesthereareverycheap.A.hasB.hadC.ishavingD.washaving10. MissZhang,themostbeautifulteacher,manyflowersthesedays.A.receivedB.willreceiveC.wasreceivingD.has

12、received11. Yoursweaterlookssmart.Whereyouit?A.do,getB.did,getC.will,getD.have,got12. Weoftenhearherafterclass.A.singB.tosingC.singsD.sang13. Dowehavetofinishourhomeworkthisafternoon?Yes,you.A.mustB.canC.mayD.need14. I'dlikeyouforapicnicwithus.A.goB.togoC.goingD.went15. HongKongtobeagoodplacefor

13、eatingtoday.A.knowsB.knewC.isknownD.wasknown二、用括号内所给词的适当形式填空1.Nancyoftengoes(swim)withherfriendsinsummer1.1 want(go)totheshop.3 .Thelittlegirllikes(play)basketball.She(play)ontheplaygroundnow.4 .Theteacher(go)toschoolonfooteveryday.5 .Let's(speak)English.6 .-theman(open)thewindow?-No,heisn't

14、.Heis(close)thewindow.7 .I(lend)hersomeCDsthedaybeforeyesterday。8 .I'msorry(wake)youup.9 .Wouldyouplease(notplay)withthechalk?10 .You'dbetter(pass)thisbooktoher.三、根据所给汉语或首字母提示写出下列句中所缺的名词1Look!Alittlegirl（游泳）intheriver（?）.1.1 don'thaveanypens.Ithinkshe（有）some.3 .Don't（读）yourbooks.Plea

15、se（听）tomenow.4 .Canyouhelpme（搬运）thebox?5 .CanI（借）yourbike?6 .Doyoulike（看电视）?7 .Myparentsarebusy（为做准备）thevisitors.8.Ithinkyou'dbetternot（出去）aloneatnight.9.Doyoumindmy（听音乐）?-Nevermind.10.Iamafraidof（游泳）,butTomoften（教）me（游泳）.11 .Whatabout（坐）here?OK,letme（坐）here.12 .Tomorrow（是）mybirthday.Iwant（举行）ab

16、irthdayparty.Wouldyou（来）tomyparty?13 .Hemustn't（停放）hiscarhere.（看）atthesign"NOparking.14 .Youneed（穿戴）warmclothesinwinter.15 .Who（教）youEnglishlastterm?四、词语运用阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。say,do,work,believe,may,watch,see,be,think,eatCananimalsbemadetoworkforus?Somescientis

17、ts_1_thatonedayanimals_2_betaughttodoanumberofsimplejobs.They_3_thatinafilmoronTVwemay_4_elephants,monkeys,dogs,bears,orotheranimalsdoingalotofthings.Ifyou_5_carefully,youmayfindthatthoseanimalsaregivensomethingtoeatinreturnfor_6_them.Thescientistssaythatmanydifferentanimalsmaybetaughttodoanumberofs

18、implejobsiftheywillgetsomething_7_.Ofcourse,asweknow,dogscanbeusedtoguardahouse,andelephantscanbeusedtodosomeheavyjobs.Andwecanalsoteachanimals_8_infactories.Apes,forexamplehave_9_usedinAmericatohelpmakecarsandscientists10_thatthesemonkeysmayonedaygetincropsandevendrivetrains.五、完形填空Mrs.Greenlivesint

19、hecountry,andshe1_knowLondonverywell.Oneday,shegoestoLondon,butshe2findherway.Justthen,she3amannearthebusstop."hicanhasWay."she4.Thenshegoesovertothemanandasks,“Excuseme,willyouplease5methewaytoKingStreet?Butthemandoesn'tsayanything.He6Cuba.Hedoesn'7tEnglish.HecomestoLondonfora8.Hetakesoutabookand9somethingonit.Thenhe10ittoMrs.Green,“Sorry,Ican'tspeakEnglish.”()1.A.doesB.doesn'tC.doD.don't()2.A.mayB.maynotC.can'tD.can()3.A.looksatB.wat