初三英语最后一课

1、2014届中考英语最后一课 2014/6/10Part1:考点梳理考点概述：1.冠词 2. 连词 3.介词 4.名词5.代词 6. 形容词和副词 7.动词短语8.同义词辨析 9. 疑问词 10.数词 11.感叹句12.连系动词 13.情态动词 14.非谓语动词15.选择疑问句 16.宾语从句 17. 被动语态18. 特殊句型和固定结构 19. 延续性与短暂性动词20. 交际用语详细介绍: 1. 冠词 (a, an, the, /) 2.连词 : a) and, but , or, so b) though/although, unless =if -not- c) until, when, b

2、efore, after, while, as, as soon as ,since d) because of, because, as, since,so e) so-that-, so that, too-to- f) that, if/whether, what, how, when3.介词: a)时间前的介词:in, on, at, until, during, after, before, since, for b)方位介词:through, past, over, across, along, around, below, above, under, between-and-,

3、among, from-to- c) except, besides, including, instead of, like, with, without4. 名词: a)不可数名词:advice, news, information, weather, work, fun b)集体名词:the police, the family, peoplec)单复同形: sheep, fishd)名词所有格:s / s Teachers Day Childrens Day Mothers Daye) 复合名词:women / men teachers，sports meeting, boy stud

4、entsf) 名词复数: -ves, -oes,-iesg) 特殊变化： feet, women, teeth, children Germans, Walkmans, humans5.代词: a)人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词 b)不定代词: some any noall, none, any, every, anotherboth, neither, either, each, the othersomething, anything, nothing, everythingsomebody, anybody, nobody, everybodysomeone, anyone, n

5、o one, everyone区别：1）none, no one, nothing 2）everyone, every one of 3）none, not all/all not/not every 4) it, one, ones, that 5) so, such, neither, nor 6. 形容词、副词比较等级构成：双写：wetter, fatter, sadder, bigger, thinner, slimmest, hotter 不规则：bad/badly/ill-worse-worst good/well-better-best little-less-least far

6、-farther/ further farthest/ furthest old- older/elder 多音节：expensive-more - most -less - least healthier, more healthily 形容词修饰人或物： sunny, cloudy, windy, rainy friendly, daily, weekly -ful, -less； un-/ im-/dis-/in-/ir- -ed/-ing: excited/ exciting pleased/ pleasant/ pleasure (n.)副词修饰动词、形容词等： badly, sad

7、ly, angrily, easily ,politely -ple/ -ble/ -tle: terribly, simply, gently*true-truly形容词、副词比较等级a)同级比较：as-as- not -as/so-as- A is like B. / A and B are alike. the same as-/ different from- A is the same size as B.b)比较级: much, a little, even, far - than-/ the taller of the two The more-, the better- mor

8、e and more beautiful; better and betterc)最高级of/ among/in; the+序数词+最高级；one of+the+最高级+n.复数 区别：than any-; than any other-; than any other +n.单数=than the other +n.复数7. 动词短语: put up/put away/ put on/ put off/ put out look up/look over/look for/ look after turn up/turn down/turn on/turn off have been to/

9、 have gone to/ have been in give out 分发，散发 / give away赠送，分发，泄露 / give up 放弃/ give in 屈服 take off 脱下，起飞 / take down 取下 / take out取出 / take away拿走，夺走，拆去 / take in 吸进8. 同义词辨析: spend/ cost/ pay/ take borrow/lend/keep/ forget/leave; take/bring/get/carry wear/ dress/put on/ try on say/speak/ tell/ call/ t

10、alk arrive in(at)/ get to/ reach the reason for / the cause of a number of/ the number offew/little/a few/ a little (only, just, still+肯)alone/lonelyasleep/sleepydie/dying/be dead/deathused to do sth./ be used to doing sth./ be used to do/for doing sth.both-and-/ not only-but also-neither-nor-/ eith

11、er-or-9.同形不同义的词用法辨析: if: 1）“如果”，主句将来，从句现在。 2）“是否”，该用将来时就用。 =whether when:I will call you when he comes today.I dont know when he will come today.When he came in, I was writing a letter. room:房间,可数名词; 空间,不可数名词=space make room for sb. 给腾出地方9. 疑问词: a) what, how, who, which, when, whereb) how long, how

12、soon, how often, how far区别:what/ who; what/which; what/how who/whom/whoseWhat do you call that?How do you say that?what to do with sth/ how to deal with sthCan you tell me what life will be like?What do you think of sth?How do you like /find/feel about sth? 10. 数词: 基数词: forty, ninety 百位与十位之间加and,十位与

13、个位之间加连字符号.three thousand two hundred and forty-five (3245)序数词:first,second,third,fourth,ninth,twelfth,twentieth, fortieth, ninetieth, twenty-secondthe twentieth century; the Fourth Unitcome first复数的应用: in ones fifties, the eighties of the last century the 1980s分数: one third; three quarters; two fift

14、hs_( the )people took part in the activity.A. Three hundred B. Three hundreds C. Three hundred of D. Three hundreds of 11.感叹句: What +形容词+名词+主语+动词! How+ 形容词/副词+主语+动词! What a nice day it is!What fine weather it is! (work, news, information, food, advice)What fun it is!What a great time we had!What a h

15、eavy rain!How beautifully she is dancing!( 对照so/ such 用法）12. 连系动词+形容词, 无被动语态. sound, taste, smell不能与well 连用,不用进行时态.feel, look+well 表身体健康 +good表全方位好 That sounds exciting, doesnt it? Lovely weather, isnt it? The meat smells _. Throw it away. A. bad B. good C. badly D. nicely The cloth washes _. A. eas

16、y B. easily C. difficult D. difficulty 13. 情态动词+动词原形 can, may, must, need, ought to have to, dare, could, might cant, may not, neednt, oughtnt to, dont have to, darent, couldnt May I-? Yes, you may./No, you cant. Could I-?Yes, you can. /No, you cant. Must I-? Yes, you must. No, you neednt/dont have

17、to.比较: neednt do sth/ dont need to do need sth/ dont need sth 表猜测: can可能, 用于疑问句中 Can you be here before eight? 用于表示事情发生的前提条件 If you arent careful, fire can be dangerous. may可能, 用于肯定句中 Im not sure. It may be Kittys. must 一定 cant 不可能, 一定不14. 非谓语动词: a) 动词+doing: spend, keep, finish, practise, enjoy, mi

18、nd, suggest, consider, give up, feel like be busy, have fun, have a good time, have difficulty/ trouble/problems, cant help, be worth b) forget doing/ to do remember doing/ doing stop doing/ to do go on doing/ to doc) 动词+to do plan, decide, prepare,would like, agree, fail, hope, refuse,promise ask/t

19、ell/advise sb to do/ not to dod) 动词+do help do/to do/with sth see, hear, watch, make, let sb do sthe) 介词+doing Thanks for doing./ think of doing / How about doing?/ without getting angry/to作介词使用时的一些常见句型15. 选择疑问句: 选择疑问句中的两种或两种以上的情况用or连接，回答不能用yes或no,而要用一个完整的句子或其省略形式。1、一般选择疑问句：一般疑问句+or+被选择的部分？-Is your

20、friend a boy or a girl?-A girl.2、特殊选择疑问句：特殊疑问句，+A or B?-Which do you like better, maths or English?-English.16. 宾语从句: 连词: that, if, whether, 特殊疑问词 语序: 陈述句(主谓顺序) Do you know who he is? Can you tell me what is in the box？ Could you tell me what is the matter with you？时态:1. 主句过去,从句过去 2. 主句现在,从句任意 3. 客观

21、规律,自然现象用一般现在时.The teacher told us the earth goes around the sun.17. 被动语态:(by sb) am/is/are +过去分词 was/were+过去分词 must/may/can/should +be+过去分词无被动语态：happen, take place, appear, come out, sell well, feel soft18. 延续性与短暂性 die-be dead fall asleep-be asleep borrow-keep buy-have join-be in leave- be away begi

22、n-be on open- be open finish- be over come/go- be inHow long have you _ this school?A.been to B. gone to C.been in D.come to19. 特殊句型和固定结构: would rather do sth than (do) sth prefer doing to doing prefer sth to sth prefer to do rather than （do） sth Will you please do/ not do sth? had better do/not do

23、sth Would you like to do sth? Its better to do than to do. I could do nothing but wait. There be句型的各种时态结构.Its 形容词 of sb to do sth.=主语+ be+ adj.+to do sthIts 形容词 for sb to do sth.=to do sth./doing sth. +is/was+adj.+for sbI find/think/feel it+形容词 +to do sth.He is too young to go to school. He was tall

24、 enough to reach the basket. 20. 交际用语 1) 赞扬- Thank you. 2) 祝愿 1. Do you mind doing? Not at all. / Of course not. / Youd better not. (注：不可用Never mind.)2. Thats right. / Thats all right. / All right. / Youre right. 3. No problem. / Never mind. / Im sorry to hear that. / Youre welcome.Part2 专项突破一、单项选择1

25、. 詹前顾后,联系上下文。根据选项确定考点范围。 2.注意固定搭配和常用句型 。 3.检查语境、语法 (构词、大小写、单复数、时态、语态、逻辑关系等)，找准关键词。4. 代入复查，分析结构，谨防陷阱。5. 把握不准的题目，作适当的记号，以便优先复查1. I wonder _ I can do to help you. A. whether B. how C. what D. when 2. He will spend as much time as he can _others. A. help B. helps C. to help D. helping 3. Hes just back ,

26、 _he? A. isnt B. is C. has D. hasnt 二、完形填空 三部曲：通读、对照、检查 1.读短文，了解大意。 2.逐个对照选项,对号入座。 3.填入答案再通读全文,检查文章是否通顺、正确，确保所选答案的语义和语法都正确。 4.遇到疑问,暂时放一放，先完成有把握的题目，最后再耐心寻找上下文中的信息词。 5. 实在不能确定, 选择你认为的最佳答案。 6.代入复查，清除疏漏，调整答案。 主要考查: 词性、固定搭配、固定结构、词义辨析及篇章语意的理解。三、阅读理解读、找、查 （即：读三遍）1第一遍 基本看懂图文。2.第二遍 初选答案,并从文中找到依据。 3.第三遍 填答案,再

27、读文章,敲定答案。4. 确定标题要纵观全文，找关键词key words 。5.考虑作者意图。按文章内容和逻辑关系 选出结论或推论。特别要注意认真阅读题干，明确答题要求，以防文字游戏。（true, not true) 关注相同意思的不同表达形式。四、词汇A.选用方框内的单词或词组填空，其中有一个单词或词组是多余的。 解答此种题，我们需注意两点：1、方框内词或短语的含义； 2、五道题的句意B.根据句子意思，用括号中所给单词的正确形式填空1.认真读题，根据句意初步确定每句所需单词，然后根据句意、句型结构、词法规则确定应填单词形式。2.将较难或把握不大的题留至最后。3.实在难确定再回到句意上, 注意詹

28、前顾后,联系上下文，切忌马虎。如：Can you tell me the _ names? (play)主要考查：形容词和副词的三级，名词复数，名词所有格，序数词，名词性物主代词，反身代词，构词法，天气形容词，分词等。C、用短文中所给动词的正确形式填空： 1.每题时态不同,一定不重复.做题前,一定要认真审题,读懂,读通所给的原句. 2. 首先确定语态,如果确定时态是下面三种 “一般现在时” “一般过去时” “出现情态动词can/may/must/have to/ought to 等” 那么一定要考虑一下是否要用被动语态.3.然后根据时间状语以及句中的关键词,确定时态.接着要根据主语和谓语的关系,确定动词的正确形式.也要考虑一些动词的固定搭配.此