综合类职称英语A级习题及答案

1、2011年职称英语综合类（A）级习题及答案综合A第1部分：词汇选项（第115题，每题1分，共15分）下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。1. Philip Roth was hailed as a major new author in 1960.A) published B) challengedC) acclaimed D) guided2. He was one of the principal organizers of the association.A) pl

2、anners B) employeesC) actorsD) recipients3. It is postulated that population trends have an effect on economic fluctuations.A) challengedB) assumedC) deducted D) decreed4. This kind of animals are on the verge of extinction, because so many are being killed for their fur.A) drying up B) dying outC)

3、being exported D) being transplanted5. The train came to an abrupt stop, making us wonder where we were.A) slow B) noisyC) suddenD) jumpy6. During the Second World War, all important resources in the U. S. were allocated by the federal government.A) nationalizedB) commandeeredC) taxed D) distributed

4、7. The little boy was so fascinated by the mighty river that he would spend hours sitting on its bank and gazing at the passing boats and rafts.A) very strongB) very longC) very great D) very fast8. The stories of Sarah Orne Jewett are considered by many to be more authentically regional than those

5、of Bret Harte.A) elegantly B) genuinelyC) intentionallyD) thoroughly9. The number of the United States citizens who are eligible to vote continues to increase.A) encouragedB) enforcedC) expected D) entitled10. Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to

6、European colonization,A) stated firmlyB) argued light-mindedlyC) thought seriouslyD) announced regrettably11. Smoking is not permitted in the office,A) probable B) possibleC) admitted D) allowed12. The chairman proposed that we should stop the meeting.A) statedB) declaredC) suggested D) announced13.

7、 I feel regret about what's happened.A) sorry B) disappointedC) shameful D) disheartened14. She has proved that she can be railed on in a crisis.A) lived on B) depended onC) lived off D) believed in15. John removed his overcoat.A) took away B) left asideC) took offD) washed off第2部分：阅读判断（第1622题，每

8、题1分，共7分）阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把涂黑。Plants in DesertOnly special plants can survive the terrible climate of a desert, for these are regions where the annual range of the soil temperature can be over 75 C. Furthermore.

9、 During the summer there are few clouds in the sky to protect plants from the sun's ray. Another problem is the fact that there are frequently strong winds which drive small, sharp particles of sand into the plants, tearing and damaging them. The most difficult problem for all forms of plant lif

10、e, however, is the fact that the entire annual rainfall occurs during a few days or weeks in spring.Grasses and flowers in desert survive from one year to the next by existing through the long, hot, dry season in the form of seeds. These seeds remain inactive unless the right amount of rain falls. I

11、f no rain falls, or if insufficient rain falls, they wait until the next year, or even still the next. Another factor that helps these plants to survive is the fact that their life cycles are short. By the time that the water from the spring rains disappears-just a few weeks after it falls-such plan

12、ts no longer need any.The perennials have special features which enable them to survive as plants for several years. Thus, nearly all desert perennials have extensive root systems below ground and a small shoot system above ground. The large root network enables the plant to absorb as much water as

13、possible in a short time . The small shoot system, on the other hand, considerably limits water loss by evaporation.Another feature of many desert perennials is that after the rainy season they lose their leaves in preparation for the long, dry season, just as trees in wetter climates lose theirs in

14、 preparation for the winter. This reduces their water loss by evaporation during the dry season. Then, in next rainy season, they come fully alive once more, and grow new branches, leaves and flowers, just as the grasses and flowers in desert do.16. Ordinary plants are unable to survive in the deser

15、t mainly because of the changeable weather.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned17. Grasses and flowers in desert are able to survive because they stay in the form of seeds to wait for the right amount of water to come.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned18. Grasses and flowers in the desert whose life cycles

16、are short shows their ability to adapt to the quick disappearance of rainwater there after it falls in spring.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned19. Winter is the toughest season for grasses and flowers to survive in desert.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned20. The shoot system of perennials can help the p

17、lants absorb less of the sun's ray.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned21. The theme of the second last paragraph is why the perennials can survive as plants for several years.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned22. Desert perennials lose their leaves after the rainy season just as trees lose theirs in we

18、tter climates before winter arrives, but the reasons for this feature are different.A Right B Wrong C Not mentioned阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第2326题要求从所给的6个选项中为第25段每段选择1个正确的小标题；（2）第2730题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上.Horticulture1. Horticulture is the science and art of cultivating fruits,

19、 vegetables, and ornamental plants. The word horticulture originates from the Latin words horta, which means garden, and culture, which means cultivation.2. Human use of plants for food and ornament has its origin in antiquity. As civilization evolved, the deliberate cultivation and domestication of

20、 edible plants replaced less efficient food-gathering practices of primitive societies. The advancement of horticulture is intertwined with the history of civilization and of scientific and technological development from the earliest times to the present. Horticulture and agriculture are not modern

21、-day inventions but have gone through continuous transformation as civilization progressed technologically.3. Horticulture has many branches and can be divided into categories based on types of plants. Fruit culture is the branch of horticulture that covers the growing of tree fruits such as apples

22、and oranges. Vegetable culture is the growing of vegetables. Vegetables are grown for their fruits, leaves, roots, or pods. This branch of horticulture is often the most popular with homeowners.4. Unlike fruit trees, vegetables usually have a short growing season and must be replanted each year. Orn

23、amental horticulture is the production and use of plants as ornaments, whether they are used in open spaces or containers. Landscape horticulture is the use of ornamental plants and trees with other elements to beautify an area. Shopping malls, playgrounds, homes, and office complexes have ornamenta

24、l plants and trees to make the area more pleasing.5. Growing, harvesting, and tasting your own fresh fruit is one of the most satisfying pleasure of having a garden. A fruit garden may be highly decorative as well as productive. Fruit trees can be trained to grow in a variety of ways: rows of trees,

25、 bushes, or in containers. Fruit trees can be grown in a separate area or among other plants. Most fruit trees are not self-fertile and need to be planted by a tree of the same fruit. Fruit trees require fertile, well-drained soil, plenty of sun, spray protection against insects, and annual pruning.

26、6. Apples are one of the most widely grown fruits. There are about 7,000 varieties worldwide, with 2,500 in the United States alone. Apples are available fresh throughout the year. Apples are ripe when picked and need to be kept cold so they do not become soft. It takes only two days on the counter

27、for apples to lose their crispness. When refrigerated, apples will keep for about six weeks.23. Paragraph 1 24. Paragraph 2 25. Paragraph 3 26. Paragraph 4 27. There was once a time when humans gathered wild plants to eat instead of .28. Horticulture developed as .29. Vegetables have a shorter growi

28、ng period than fruits and .30. Horticulture provides us with not only fruits but sometimes also .第4部分：阅读理解（第3145题，每题3分，共45分）下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每道题后面都有4个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。第一篇MemoryIt is difficult to imagine what life would be like without memory. The meanings of thousan

29、ds of everyday perceptions, the basis for the decisions we make, and the roots of our habits and skills are to be found in our past experiences, which are brought into the present by memory.Memory can be defined as the capacity to keep information available for later use. It includes not only "

30、 remembering" things like arithmetic or historical facts, but also involves any change in the way an animal typically behaves. Memory is involved when a rat gives up eating grain because he has sniffed something suspicious in the grain pile.Memory exists not only in humans and animals but also

31、in some physical objects and machines. Computers, for example, contain devices for storing data for late use. It is interesting to compare the memory storage capacity of a computer with that of a human being. The instant-access memory of a large computer may hold up to 100,000 "words" stri

32、ngs of alphabetic or numerical charactersready for instant use. An average U.S. teenager probably recognizes the meaning of about 100,000 words of English. However, this is but a fraction of the total amount of information which the teenager has stored. Consider, for example, the number of faces and

33、 places that the teenager can recognize on sight.The use of words is the basis of the advanced problem-solving intelligence of human beings. A large part of a person's memory is in terms of words and combinations of words. But while language greatly expands the number and kind of things a person

34、 can remember, it also requires a huge memory capacity. It may well be this capacity that distinguishes humans, setting them apart from other animals.31.What do the sentences at the beginning of the passage suggest?A. Memory is useful.B. Memory is important.C. There is a relationship between memory

35、and habits.D. The past is connected with the present by memory.32. According to the passage, memory is helpful in our daily life in the following aspects exceptA. involving the change in the behavior.B. keeping information for later use.C. warning people not to do things repeatedly.D. remembering ev

36、ents that happened in history.33. With respect to the memory storage capacity, what is the author's idea about the comparison between human beings and computers?A. Computers have no memory at all.B. Computers are more powerful than adults.C. Teenagers are inferior to computers.D. Human beings ar

37、e far superior to computers.34. What is the major characteristic of a human being's memory capacity according to the text?A. It can be expanded by language.B. It can remember all the combined words.C. It may keep all the information in the past.D. It may change what has been stored in it.35. Acc

38、ording to the passage, human beings make themselves different from other animals byA. having the ability to realize danger.B. having a special memory capacity.C. having a distinguished memory capacity.D. having the ability to control himself.第二篇Road Trip VacationsIt's summer. In the United State

39、s, it's the season of swimming pools, barbeques, camping and road trips.Road trip vacations where the car journey is part of the fun are especially popular with college students, who like to explore the country on wheels. These budget trips are ideal for students who often have plenty of free ti

40、me but little money."Ever since I went to college, I've been traveling around a lot, exploring the country," said Austin Hawkins, a 19-year-old college student from New York. This summer, Hawkins and his friends have spent weekends traveling in New England.The best part about car trips

41、, said Hawkins, is that you can be spontaneous. "On a road trip, if you get interested in things you see along the way you can stop and explore."Matt Roberts, a 20-year-old student from Ohio who drove to Montreal, Canada, agrees. "With road trips you don't have to plan in advance,

42、 you can just get into a car and drive."Even with high gas prices, driving with friends is cheaper than flying. Roberts paid about 40 dollars for gas, but a round trip plane ticket would have cost nearly 400 dollars.Driving trips first became popular in the 1920s. Newly paved roads and improved

43、, cars made it possible to travel longer distances. Motels started appearing outside cities.By the 1950s, car ownership became the norm. Construction of the US interstate highway system began in 1956 and motel and restaurant chains popped up1 everywhere making long distance trips easier.Today, the U

44、S has the highest car ownership rate in the world. Only 8 percent of American homes have no car, according to the most recent US census.Though many college students don't own a car, most have access to one. 2 On many of Hawkins' trips, they used a borrowed van.Hawkins' most memorable roa

45、d trip took place over spring break. He and two friends drove from New York to New Orleans to volunteer, helping rebuild the city after Hurricane Katrina hit it last July. They crossed the country in two days and slept in their car in church parking lots.Roberts' road trip to Canada last winter

46、was even more eventful. Upon arriving in Montreal, they were lost in a blizzard and shivering in the -25°cold. To find their hotel, they turned on a laptop and drove around in circles until they found a spot with wireless Internet coverage.3"I know we should have planned better, but we'

47、;re young. Now, when I see those guys I always say: 'Remember when we were lost in the snow storm!' I'll never forget that."36. Which of the following statements is NOT true of American college students?A） They have little money.B） They like traveling by bike.C） They like to explore

48、 the country.D） They often have plenty of free time.37. What will Hawkins do when he sees something interesting on a road trip?A） He will turn back.B） He will drive around.C） He will stop to explore.D） He will stop exploring.38. When did motels suddenly appear?A） After the work to build the intersta

49、te highway system started.B） When driving trips became popular.C） After many roads were paved.D） After new cars were made.39. Which of the following words can best describe Hawkins' trip to New Orlends?A） Eventful.B） Colourful.C） Delightful.D） Unforgettable.40. The word blizzard in paragraph 12

50、can be replaced byA） snowstorm.B） hurricane.C） mist.D） fog.第三篇From Sundials to Multi-functional WatchesIt was probably around 3,000 years ago that people first began inventing ways to help themselves measure the time. Having observed that shadow move around trees as the sun moves across the sky, som

51、eone drew a circle and put a stick in the center. As the sun passed overhead, he marked even division on the circle as the shadow of the stick crossed it. Then people could tell which part of the day it was by noticing which mark on the circle the shadow fell across. These circles were called "

52、sundials".A water clock was another way to tell time. A container had a line with a number beside it for every hour. It also had a tiny hole in the bottom. The container was filled with water that dripped through the hole. When the water level reached the first line, one hour had passed. Each t

53、ime the water level fell to another line, one more hour has passed.It was about 600 years ago that the first clock with the face and an hour hand was made. Watches came into use as soon as clocks were made small enough to be carried. Then in the last century came automatic watches, electric watches

54、and quartz watches, etc.It is interesting to review briefly the history of the clock and watch development. Now, people have some new conception about watches. They think that watches don't just tell you the time, they also make a statement about your personal style, and even your character. The

55、y reveal the taste, personal preferences and hobbies of the person that wear them.Now we bring you the latest offerings from a famous Japanese watchmaker so you won't be behind the times.Casio watches are mostly digital, a good choice for those who prefer to stay in the digital age.The Forester

56、series is designed to suit hikers: bands made of leather or cloth, outer shell in frosted metal. A watch of this type has an automatic lighting function. If you turn it 30 degrees in the dark, the light on the back of the dial will come on.There is a series for women, too. Light colours and streamli

57、ned design add some feminine flavour to the stiff numbers of the range.The Data Bank series is a great help to those with bad memories. You can store as many as 30 phone numbers in it, and set five alarms.Another Casio offering is a Futurist series with square dials. Two in this range have a vibrating function in the place of an alarm so that their reminder won't go unnoticed even in noisy environment and you can avoid embarrassing noisy alarm calls on occasions requiring quiet.Those in the Pela series are also named film watch, because they are super-thin