第十二节 句子种类

1、首页首页末页末页英语英语第第1212节句子种类节句子种类考点突破考点突破中考导航中考导航课堂小测课堂小测中考模拟演练中考模拟演练首页首页末页末页考点考点广东省卷近五年中考统计广东省卷近五年中考统计高频考点高频考点201120122013201420151.反义疑问句2.感叹句3.how引出的特殊疑问词组考情分析：考情分析：从近五年考查情况来看，句子种类是考查的重点，主要考查反义疑问句、感叹句及由how引出的特殊疑问词组的辨析，每年至少考查1道题目。为了高效复习，在这里我们重点讲解反义疑问句、感叹句及特殊疑问词的辨析。2016年备考时要重点掌握几种常考的反义疑问句，能正确判断感叹句的引导词是Wh

2、at还是How，能正确选用由how引出的特殊疑问词组。中考导航中考导航首页首页末页末页1.反义疑问句的含义 反意疑问句是指问话人对自己的看法、观点不完全肯定，需要别人来加以证实。它由陈述句与一个简短的一般疑问句构成，中间用逗号隔开。陈述句是肯定句时，反意部分用否定形式，否定形式必须缩写；陈述句是否定句时，反义部分用肯定形式。即前肯定，后否定；前否定，后肯定。反义部分的主语必须用代词。如: He goes to work on foot，doesnt he? 他步行去上班，是吗? 首页首页末页末页考点突破考点突破考点考点1. 1. 反义疑问句反义疑问句( () )首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页

3、2.反意疑问句的三种基本结构 (1)结构一：肯定的陈述句+否定的附加问句(前肯后否) Its Tuesday today，isnt itisnt it? 今天星期二，是吗？ She often has lunch at school，doesnt shedoesnt she? 她常在学校吃午饭，对吗？ They went to the Great Wall yesterday，didnt theydidnt they? 他们昨天去的长城，是吗？ 前面陈述部分是肯定形式，后面附加问句用否定形式。附加问句的主谓部分通常由陈述部分的主谓语来决定，即人称一致、时态一致。 考点突破考点突破首页首页末页末

4、页首页首页末页末页(2)结构二：否定的陈述句+肯定的附加问句(前否后肯) You cantcant do it，can youcan you? 你不能做，是吗？ Tom doesnt doesnt speak French，does hdoes he? 汤姆不会说法语，对吗？ 当陈述部分有hardly，seldom，few，little，no，never，nothing，nobody，nowhere等否定词时，附加疑问部分要用肯定形式。如：She nevernever tells a lie，doesdoes she? 她从来不撒谎，是吗？ NobodyNobody can answer th

5、e question，cancan they? 没有人能回答这个问题，是吗？ FewFew people know about it，dodo they? 几乎没有人知道有关这件事情，是吗？ He was seldomseldom late， waswas he? 他很少迟到，是吗？ Neither Neither you nor I canor I can work it out，cancan we? 你我都不能算出它，对吗？ 考点突破考点突破首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页(3)结构三：祈使句+附加问句 Stop talking，will youwill you? 停止讲话，好吗？ You

6、 feed the bird today，will youwill you? 今天你喂鸟，好吗？ Dont make any noise，will youwill you? 不要吵闹，好吗？ Let us go home together，will youwill you？ 让我们一起回家，好吗？ Lets have a rest，shall weshall we? 咱们休息一会儿，行吗？ 考点突破考点突破首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页祈使句的反意疑问句，若前面是否定结构，则附加问句只能用will you。若前面是肯定结构，附加问句用will you，也可用wont/would/can/ca

7、nnt you或shall we等，它形式上是反意疑问句，但并不表示正式的疑问句，也不表示反意，而是表示邀请或表示请求。 lets用于提出建议并包括对方时，其附加问句用shall we。let us表示征求对方许可，其附加问句用will you。let+第三人称时，其附加问句用will you。这种反意疑问句往往用来表示进一步征求对方的意见，使口气变的客气，委婉一些。考点突破考点突破首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页3.五种特殊情况的反意疑问句 (1)当陈述部分是Im 时，附加疑问句通常用arent I。 I am a very honest man，arent Iarent I? 我是一个非常

8、诚实的人，是吗？ (2)当陈述部分是I wish 时，附加疑问句通常用may I。 I wish to go with them，may Imay I? 我想同他们一起去，可以吗？ (3)当陈述部分为省略句时,附加疑问句的主语通常应视省略的情况而定。 A nice girl，isnt sheisnt she? 她是个好姑娘，对吧？ What a nice day，isnt iisnt it? 天气真好，是吧？ (4)当陈述部分有used to时，附加疑问句可用used to或did。 He used to live in the country，usednt(didnt) heusednt(d

9、idnt) he? 他过去常住在乡村，是吗？ (5)当陈述部分有had better时，附加疑问句用had。 We had better do it by ourselves，hadnt wehadnt we? 我们最好靠我们自己做，好吗？ 考点突破考点突破首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页 4.反意疑问句的回答 对于反意疑问句的回答，总的一个原则是：不管问题的提法如何，只要事实上是肯定的，就用yes回答，事实上是否定的，就用no回答。但当陈述部分是否定句时，回答译成汉语时不一样。如： You dont want to go out，do you? 你不想出去，对吧？ Yes，I do.No，I

10、 dont. 不，我想出去。对，我不想出去。 考点突破考点突破首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页( )1. (2012广东)You havent been to the West Lake, have you? .But I will go there with my parents this summer vacation. A.No, I havent B.No, I didnt C.Yes, I have D.Yes, I did 考点突破考点突破母题训练母题训练AA中考预测中考预测( )5. He didnt go to the concert yesterday, did he? .H

11、e was busy studying for the tests all day. A.No, he didnt B.Yes, he did C.No, he did D.Yes, he didnt 首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页考点突破考点突破母题训练母题训练CB中考预测中考预测 ( )2. (2011广东)Alice had nothing for breakfast this morning, ? No.She got up too late. A.had she B.hadnt she C.did she D.didnt she ( )6. Shes never spoken to

12、 a foreigner, ? Yes.Shes active and can speak English freely. A.is she B.has she C.isnt she D.hasnt she 首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页考点突破考点突破母题训练母题训练AC中考预测中考预测( )3. (2010广东)The boy has a new MP4， ? Adoesnt he Bisnt he Cdoes he Dis he ( )7. They can hardly speak English, ? A.cant they B.wont they C.can they D.wil

13、l they 母题训练母题训练中考预测中考预测( )4. (2009广东)E-mail is very popular today.People seldom write letters now, ? A.did they B.do they C.didnt they D.dont they( )8. Lets visit the National Museum this weekend, ? A.will you B.wont we C.dont we D.shall weBD首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页感叹句表示说话人的喜悦、气愤、惊讶等强烈的情绪。感叹句一般是由what或how开头。

14、what用来强调名词，how则强调形容词、副词或动词。 1. 感叹句的基本句型 (1) What(+a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语！ What a clever boy he is! 他是个多聪明的男孩！ What cold weather it is! 多冷的天气啊！ What beautiful flowers they are! (它们是)多么漂亮的花啊！ What good news it is! 多么好的消息啊！ 在感叹句中，what a/an常用来修饰单数可数名词，若该名词前面的形容词为元音音素开头，则用what an。what是用来修饰复数可数名词或不可数名词。但有些不可数

15、名词（rain,surprise,breakfast,lunch等）前面有形容词修饰，从而使抽象名词具体化时，则要用what a/an。 考点突破考点突破考点考点2. 2. 感叹句感叹句( () )首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页(2) How+形容词副词+主语+谓语！ How kind you are! 你心肠真好！ How blue the sky is! 天空是多么蓝啊！ How fast they are working! 他们干得真快啊！ How he loves his pet! 他是多么喜欢他的宠物！ how还可以修饰动词构成感叹句，但动词不提前。如：How well she d

16、ances! 她跳的多好呀！ （how 修饰动词） 考点突破考点突破首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页2. 选用What和How的高效方法 判断感叹句的引导词是What还是How。先把主谓+其他部分去掉，看最后一个词是名词用what，是形容词或副词用how。若没有主谓则看句末一词而定。句末一词是名词用what，是形容词或副词用how。 What a smart man he is! (主谓是he is，把它们去掉，最后一词是man，名词，故用What) How excellent he is!(主谓是he is，把它们去掉，最后一词是excellent，形容词，故用How) What excit

17、ing news! (本句没有主谓，最后一词是news，名词，故用What) 考点突破考点突破首页首页末页末页考点突破考点突破母题训练母题训练( )1. (20145广东) So far,Su Bringtian is the only Chinese who finished the 100-meter race in less than 10 seconds._ he runs! A.How slow B.How fast C.What a slow D.What a fast( )5. _ weather it is ! We can go boating on the Dongchan

18、g Lake.A.How bad B.How goodC.What good D.What bad中考预测中考预测BC首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页( )2. (2014广东) Do you know Wang Feng? He can remember 100 groups of numbers in five minutes. Yes. man he is! A.What a smart B.How smart C.What a stupid D.How stupid 考点突破考点突破母题训练母题训练AA中考预测中考预测( )6. beautiful flowers they are!

19、Lets go to take some photos. A.What B.What a C.What an D.How 首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页考点突破考点突破母题训练母题训练AA中考预测中考预测( )3. (2013广东)Mo Yan won the Nobel Prize for Literature last year. excellent he is! A.How B.What C.What a D.What an ( )7. exciting news! Weve never had such a long vacation before. A.What B.What a

20、C.What an D.How首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页考点突破考点突破母题训练母题训练AA中考预测中考预测( )4. (2009广东) terrible weather we had last Sunday! A.What B.What a C.Such D.How ( )8. Look! happily the children are playing over there! A.How B.What C.What a D.How a首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页特殊疑问句是用疑问词引导的疑问句。它不用yes或no来回答，而应该根据实际情况用较为完整的句子作答。常用的特殊疑问词有:

21、who，whom，whose，which，what，when，where，why，how以及how引出的词组how many，how long，how often，how soon,how far等。在这里重点讲讲how引出的词组的辨析。 考点突破考点突破考点考点3. how3. how引出的特殊疑问词组引出的特殊疑问词组( () )首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页辨析：辨析：how引出的疑问词组引出的疑问词组 (1)how often 意为“多久一次”，提问频率。 表示频率的副词有always(总是), usually(通常), often(常常), sometimes/at times(有

22、时), seldom(很少、不常), hardly(几乎不), never(决不、从来不)等； 短语有once a day/week/month/year (每天、周、月或年一次)；twice a day/week/month/year (每天、周、月或年两次)；three times a day(每天三次)； 与every开头的短语也表示频率，例如every day/week/month/year (每天、周、月或年)；every five minutes(每五分钟)，every two hours(每两小时)等。 (2)how far 意为“多远”，提问两地之间的距离。 表示两地间距离的短

23、语常见的有five kilometers(五千米), a few miles(数英里), ten minutes walk(十分钟的步行路程), three hours ride(三小时的车程)等考点突破考点突破首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页(3)how long 有两种用法 how long意为“多长时间、多久”，提问一段时间，这是其主要用法。 表示一段时间的短语有：“for+一段时间” 意为“长达”，如for four days(长达四天)；“since+时间点或时间状语从句” 意为“自从以来”，如since 1968/yesterday/two days ago(自从1968年/昨天/

24、两天前以来)等。 how long意为“多长”，提问事物的长度。 使用时要注意与how far的区别。how far强调某两个地点之间的距离，在疑问句中一般会出现两个地点。how long提问单个事物本身的长短，与距离无关。如： How long is the Great Wall? 长城有多远？ Around 6,700 kilometers long. 约6,700千米长。 How long is the sofa? 沙发有多长？ Its two meters long. 两米长。 考点突破考点突破首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页 (4)how soon 意为“多久以后”，对“in+一段时

25、间”提问，意为“之后(内)”，表示从现在到将来动作发生时为止的一段时间，常与一般将来时态连用。 如in some weeks(数周后)。 (5)how much 有两种用法 “多少钱”，对价格或价钱提问，相当于“Whats the price of sth.？” 意为“某物多少钱？”。 How much is the bike? =Whats the price of the bike? 自行车的价格是多少？ 50. 五十美元。 “多少”，对不可数名词的数量提问，有时how much接的不可数名词可省略。 How much bread would you like? 你要多少面包？ Five

26、kilos of bread. 五公斤。 考点突破考点突破首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页 (6)how many “多少”，对复数名词的数量提问，有时how many接的复数名词可省略。 How many watches do you want? 你要几块手表？ Two watches. 两块。考点突破考点突破首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页( )1. (2013广东) is it from the village to your farm? About 10 minutes walk. A.How often B.How soon C.How long D.How far考点突破考点突破母

27、题训练母题训练DA中考预测中考预测( )3. do you visit your grandparents？ Twice a month. A.How often B.How long C.How soon D.How far 首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页考点突破考点突破母题训练母题训练AB中考预测中考预测( )2. (2010广东) will you come back? In an hour. A.How soon B.How often C.How far D.How long ( )4. Kate, do you know it is from here to the gym? A

28、bout twenty minutes walk. A.how long B.how far C.how soon D.how often 首页首页末页末页课堂小测课堂小测( )1.（2015贵州安顺）Dont be late for school next time, _? No, I wont.A.are you B. will you C. do youD. did you( )2.（2015四川宜宾） Nancy, seep the classroom, _?dont you B. do youC. will youD. doesnt she( )3.（2015内蒙古呼和浩特） We

29、have to finish the work now, _? A. dont weB. havent weC. have weD. do we( )4.(2015湖北襄阳)The passenger ship Eastern Star capsized(倾覆) in the Yangtze River on the evening of June 1st._ bad news! Can we do something to help with the rescue(救援)?A. What a B. What C. How a D. HowBCAB首页首页末页末页课堂小测课堂小测( )5.(2

30、015湖北宜昌) Our team has won the first prize in the soccer games.Congratulations! team you are! How great B. What a great C. What great D. How a great( )6.(2015广西玉林)_ interesting the book is ! I want to buy one, too.A.How B. What C. How an D. What an ( )7.(2015辽宁丹东)_ exciting the movie is!Sure, I have

31、seen it three times.A.What B.What an C.How D. How an ( )8.(2015辽宁锦州)_ excellent news reporter he is! All of us are proud of him.A.What B.What an C.How D.What a BACB首页首页末页末页课堂小测课堂小测( )9.(2015上海) _ important it is for kids to imagine freely!What B. What a C.What an D. How( )10.(2015云南)_ _useful robot!

32、 It can help with the housework like a human servant. A.How B.What an C.How a D.What a ( )11.(2015贵州安顺)Listen! Someone is playing the piano.Wow! beautiful music! I like it very much.WhatB. How a C. What a D. How( )12.(2015山东东营) interesting TV program 6/Running Man is ! I watch it every week.A. How B

33、. Wh at C. What a D. What anDDAD首页首页末页末页课堂小测课堂小测( )13.(2015江苏连云港)What programme is so attractive?The guard of honor(仪仗队） of the PLA are taking part in the parade on Red Square._ exciting event!A.How a B.What an C. How an D. What a( )14.(2015山东济宁)Wow! _ beautiful the music is!Yes. Thats my favorite.W

34、ha B. What a C. What an D. How ( )15.(2015辽宁营口)Bob, _ is it from your home to school?Its about ten minutes walk.how long B. how far C. how often D. how soon( )16.(2015江苏扬州)_ pocket money do you usually get every month?Fifty yuan. What about you?A.How often B.How long C.How many D.How muchBDBD首页首页末页末

35、页课堂小测课堂小测( )17.(2015江苏淮安)Mr. Smith. _ is the new bridge?Oh, let me see! Its about 800 metres.A.how old B.how long C.how much D.how often( )18.(2015湖北宜昌)Can you tell me _ your online shopping will arrive?In three days, I think. how long B. how soon C. how far D. how much( )19.(2015山东泰安) do I need to

36、feed the pet dog?Twice a day.How long B. How much C. How soon D. How often( )20.(2015山东临沂) _ people travel every year? Perhaps when we are talking about it. More than 100 planes have taken off around the world.A. How many B. How much C. How long D. How oftenBBDA首页首页末页末页英语英语首页首页末页末页( )1. She hardly p

37、lays computer games every week, ？ Yes.She is a hard-working girl. A.does she B.doesnt she C.didnt she D.wont she ( )2. Few young people in China know about Lady Gaga, ? .She is quite famous here in China. A.do they;No B.do they;Yes C.dont they ; No D.dont they; Yes ( )3. I dont think she will agree

38、with us, ? A.will she B.wont she C.dont you D.do you ( )4. He hardly goes to school by car, he? A.does B.doesnt C.is D.isnt 中考模拟演练中考模拟演练ABAA首页首页末页末页英语英语首页首页末页末页( )5. I dont think they can make everything good enough, ? A.do I B.can they C.cant they D.dont I ( )6. Judys never been late for school, sh

39、e? .She is always the first to get to school every morning. A.is; Yes B.has;No C.isnt; Yes D.hasnt; No ( )7. Your father never watches the drama series on TV, ? .He thinks these drama series are boring and dull. A.does he; Yes, he does. B.does he; No, he doesnt C.doesnt he ; Yes, he does. D.doesnt h

40、e ; No, he doesnt. 中考模拟演练中考模拟演练BBB首页首页末页末页英语英语首页首页末页末页( )8. The six students from Lianyungang got the first prize in the Chinese Characters Dictation Competition in Jiangsu. exciting news it is! A.What B.How C.What an D.How an ( )9. delicious these beef noodles are! A.What B.How C.What a D.How a ( )

41、10. interesting the film is! Yes.I have seen it twice. A.What B.How C.What an D.How an 中考模拟演练中考模拟演练ABB首页首页末页末页英语英语首页首页末页末页( )11. fantastic documentary it is! Do you mean the hot film “Diaoyu IslandThe Truth”? A.How B.How a C.What D.What a ( )12 . role she played in the movie! Thats why she has a lot

42、 of fans. A.How interesting B.How an interesting C.What interesting D.What an interesting ( )13. brave Zhang Hua is! Yes.He helped his neighbour, Mrs.Sun out of the fire. A.What a B.How C.How a D.What ( )14. do you go to the supermarket, Amy?Once a week. A.How many B.How much C.How far D.How often 中

43、考模拟演练中考模拟演练DDBD首页首页末页末页英语英语首页首页末页末页( )15. will the fog and haze last?Ive no idea.There is no sign of an end. A.How soon B.How far C.How long D.How often ( )16. have you been in Chongqing?For five years. A.How many B.How soon C.How much D.How long ( )17. people are there in your family?Three. A.How o

44、ften B.How long C.How many D.How much ( )18. will the dinner be ready?Just a minute. A.How much B.How long C.How soon D.How often 中考模拟演练中考模拟演练CDCC首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页( )19. He has never been to the United States, ? Aisnt he Bdoesnt he Chasnt he Dhas he ( )20. The lady couldnt say a word when she saw the

45、 snake, ? A.could the lady B.couldnt the lady C.could she D.couldnt she ( )21. You havent been to Beijing, have you? .How I wish to go there! A.Yes, I have B.No, I have C.No, I havent D.Yes, I havent D中考模拟演练中考模拟演练CC首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页( )22. Lets go and play football, ?Thats wonderful. A.will you B.do y

46、ou C.wont we D.shall we ( )23 Lucy didnt come to school yesterday, did she? ,though she was not feeling very well ANo，she didnt BYes，she did CYes，she didnt DNo，she did ( )24. Mom, my grandfather goes for a walk after supper every day, ? A.does he B.is he C.doesnt he D.isnt he ( )25. exciting sport it is to go bike riding! A.What a B.What an C.What D.How D中考模拟演练中考模拟演练BCB首页首页末页末页首页首页末页末页( )26. fun it is to have ice cream in hot summer! A.What a B.How C.What D.How a ( )27. great pi