地球物理专业英语常用单词

1、 地球物理专业英语常用单词raypath:射线路径ray tracing:射线追踪real time:实时record section记录剖面reflection coefficient:反射系数reflection survey:反射法勘探refraction:折射refraction survey:折射法勘探refraction wave:折射波：residual normal moveout:剩余正常时差reverberation:交混回响reverse migration:逆偏移Ricker wavelet:雷克子波rms velocity均方根速度R-wave:瑞雷波。scatter

2、ing:散射secondary wave次波SEG A, SEG B, or SEG C标准磁带格式seismic:地震的seismic discontinuity:地震不连续面seismic-electric effect:震电效应seismic survey:地震勘探seismogram:震相图seismograph: 地震仪，地震检波器seismologist:地震学家，地震工作者seismology地震学shear modulus:剪切模量shear wave:剪切波shotpoint:炮点shotpoint gap:炮点间隙S/N:信噪比。Snell's law: 斯奈尔定律

3、sparker: 电火花震源spherical divergence球面扩散stack叠加Ground mixing地面混波Instrument mixing仪器混波Vertical stacking垂直叠加Uphole stacking井口时间叠加Common-depth-point (CDP) stacking共深度点叠加Common-offset stacking同炮检距叠加Velocity filtering 速度滤波Coherency filtering / Auto-picking 相干滤波/自动拾取Diversity stacking相异叠加Automigrating自动偏移st

4、acking velocity:叠加速度Stoneley wave:斯通利波streamer:海上拖缆S-wave:S-波synthetic seismogram:合成地震记录tangential wave:切向波trace equalization:道均衡trace gather:道选排，道集trace integration:道积分，道综合transformed wave:变换波trough:波谷velocity analysis:速度分析velocity filter:速度滤波velocity inversion: 速度反转velocity spectrum:速度谱velocity su

5、rvey速度测量wave equation:波动方程wave form:波形wavefront:波阵面wave impedance:波阻抗wide-angle reflection:广角反射Young's modulus:杨氏模量zero-phase:零相位Zoeppritz's equations:佐普里兹方程acoustic log声波测井amplitude log:声幅测井borehole gravimeter:井下重力仪borehole log测井曲线calibrate校正densilog密度测井density log:密度测井dip log地层倾角测井dipmeter

6、地层倾角测井electrical log:电测井gamma-gamma log:伽马-伽马测井gamma-ray log:射线测井induction log:感应测井microlog微电阻率测井neutron log: 中子测井radioactivity log:放射性测井sonic log:声波测井spectral log能谱测井velocity log:声速测井well log:钻井记录，测井Amperes law:安培定律angular frequency:角频率Anomaly: 异常anticline:背斜array:排列autocorrelation:自相关background:背景

7、值band-limited function:频截函数band-pass:带通band-reject filter:带阻滤波器bandwidth:带宽base of weathering:低速带底面boundary condition:边界条件boundary-value problem:边值问题byte:字节characteristic value:Eigenvalue特性值/特征值Complex number复数contour:等值线contour interval:等值线间隔convolution:褶积crust:地壳curl:旋度db:Decibel.分贝。db/octave:分贝/倍

8、频程decibel分贝dip:倾角dipole:偶极子direct problem正问题：doodlebugger野外地球物理工作者drift:漂移drill:钻井装置dynamic range:动态范围earth layering地球分层eccentric anomaly:离心角echo sounder:回声探测仪eigenvalue:特征值eigenvector:特征向量ellipsoid:椭球体energy:能量engineering geophysics:工程地球物理envelope:包络error:误差error message:错误信息even function:偶函数expect

9、ed value期望值fault:断层field:场，野外filter:滤波器fixed point定点f, k space:f, k空间floating point浮点表示法flow chart:流程图FM:调频。folding: 折叠，折积，褶皱folding frequency折叠频率formation:地层forward solution:正演frequency domain: 频率域frequency response:频率响应frequency spectrum:频谱geophysical survey地球物理勘探geophysics地球物理学geothermal heat flo

10、w地热流geothermal prospecting地热勘探geothermic surveying:地热调查goodness of fit:拟合优度gradient:梯度half-space:半空间Hamming function:海明函数Hanning function:汉宁函数hertz:赫兹homogeneous:均匀的impulse:脉冲impulse response:脉冲响应inhomogeneity不均匀性in situ原地，现场interface分界面，接口inverse Fourier transform:傅里叶逆变换inverse matrix逆矩阵inverse pro

11、blem:反问题iterative:迭代kernel function: 核函数least-squares fit:最小二乘法拟合lithosphere岩石圈low-cut filter:低阻滤波器low-pass filter: 低通滤波器mantle:地幔Moho:莫霍界面normal fault正断层Nyquist frequency:奈奎斯特频率Nyquist theorem奈奎斯特定理plate tectonics:板块构造理论QC: Quality control.质量控制reconnaissance:普查remote sensing: 遥感rift: 断裂，裂谷rms:Root

12、mean square均方根sampling theorem:采样定理semiinfinite:半无限的SI:国际单位制signal-to-noise ratio信噪比spatial frequency:空间频率spheroid椭球体standard deviation标准差stochastic随机的subduction zone:Benioff zone俯冲带：毕尼奥夫带trend analysis:趋势分析wavelength:波长wavenumber:波数white noise:白噪声Accuracy 准确度AGC:Automatic gain control. 自动增益控制。Airy

13、Hypothesis艾里假说alias:假频amplitude spectrum振幅谱antiroots反山根Bouguer anomaly布格异常Bouguer correction布格改正continuation延拓density密度density contrast密度差depth of compensation补偿深度dot chart布点量板double Bouguer correction双重布格改正downward continuation向下延拓elevation correction高程改正field continuation位场延拓figure of the earth大地水

14、准面free-air anomaly自由空间异常free-air correction自由空间改正free oscillation of the earth:地球自由震荡gal伽geodesy:大地测量学geoid大地水准面gradiomanometer压差密度计gradiometer梯度仪gravimeter重力仪gravitational constant万有引力常数gravity重力gravity anomaly:重力异常gravity meter比重计：gravity reduction重力改正gravity survey重力调查gravity unit重力单位Gutenberg di

15、scontinuity:古登堡不连续面horizontal cylinder水平圆柱体isostasy:地壳均衡说isostatic correction:均衡改正latitude correction:纬度改正local gravity局部重力值 normal gravity正常重力Poisson's equation泊松方程Pratt hypothesis:普拉特假说second-derivative map二次微商图topographic correction地形改正torsion balance扭秤Worden:沃尔登重力仪aeromagnetic航空磁测Airborne ma

16、gnetometer:航空磁力仪alternating-field demagnetization:交变场退磁Curie point:居里点declination:磁偏角diurnal variation:日变ferrimagnetism:亚铁磁性ferromagnetic:铁磁性的field intensity:场强fluxgate magnetometer:磁通门磁力仪gamma:伽马gauss:高斯geomagnetic pole:地磁极geomagnetic reversal: 地磁极倒转geomagnetic-variation method:地磁变化法geometric sound

17、ing:电磁几何测深inclination:倾角inductivity:感应率local magnetic anomalies:局部磁异常magnetic basement:磁性基底magnetic dip:磁倾角magnetic disturbance磁扰magnetic equator:地磁赤道magnetic field磁场magnetic flux:磁通量magnetic intensity:磁场强度magnetic interpretation methods磁测资料解释法magnetic meridian:地磁子午线magnetic moment:磁矩magnetic permea

18、bility:磁导率magnetic polarization:磁极化Magnetic pole:磁极magnetic storms:磁暴magnetization:磁化强度magnetometer:磁力仪nanotesla:纳特斯拉normal magnetic field:正常磁场oersted:奥斯特paleomagnetism:古地磁学paramagnetic顺磁性的permeability:磁导率，渗透率polarity:极性polarization:极化度，极化，偏振reduction to the pole化向地磁极归极法secular variation长期变化tesla:特斯

19、拉weber:韦伯apparent resistivity: 视电阻率conductivity:电导率current electrode:供电电极dielectric constant:介电常数dielectric polarization:电介质极化dipole array:偶极排列dipole-dipole array:偶极-偶极排列electrical profiling:电剖面法electrical sounding电测深electrical survey电法勘探，电测井electric field:电场electric susceptibility:电极化率electrochemic

20、al SP:电化学自然电位electrode电极electrode equilibrium potential:电极平衡电位electrode polarization:电极极化electrode potential:电极电位electrode resistance:电极电阻electrolyte:电解质electromagnetic method:电磁法electromagnetic spectrum:电磁波谱electronic电子的ELF:极低频EM:电磁的emu:电磁单位equipotential-line method:等位线法equipotential surface等位面far-

21、field:远场fixed-source method:定源法free-space field:自由空间场galvanometer:电流计heat flow unit:热流单位HFU:热流单位horizontal-dipole sounding水平偶极测深induced polarization:激发极化infinite electrode:无穷远电极NMR核磁共振permittivity:电容率polarization ellipse:极化椭圆pole-dipole array:单极-偶极排列pole-pole array:单极-单极排列Primary field: 一次场secondary

22、 field:二次场self-potential自然电位self-potential method:自然电位法skin depth:趋肤深度skin effect:趋肤效应sky wave:天波sky-wave interference:天波干扰SP:自然电位spontaneous potential:自然电位transient electromagnetic method:瞬变电磁法abnormal events:异常同相轴absorption:吸收作用：acoustic声学的，声的acoustic impedance:声阻抗，波阻抗：acoustic wave: 声波，地震波：air gu

23、n:空气枪air wave空气波angle of incidence:入射角apparent velocity:视速度apparent wavelength:视波长：arrival:波至arrival time波至时间attenuation:衰减average velocity:平均速度azimuth:方位角binary gain:二进制增益blind zone: 盲区body waves:体波break:波跳buried focus effect:地下焦点效应cable:电缆chirp:线性调频脉冲coefficient of anisotropy:各向异性系数coherence:相干性co

24、herent:相关的common-depth-point:共深度点common-depth-point stack:共深度点叠加common-offset gather:共偏移距道集common-offset stack:共炮检距叠加（同距叠加）common-range gather:共炮检距道集（选排）Common reflection point: 共反射点compressional wave:压缩波configuration:排列形式converted wave:转换波critical angle:临界角critical reflection:临界反射curved path:弯曲射线路径

25、deconvolution:反褶积deep seismic sounding: DSS.深地震测深：diffraction: 绕射diffraction stack:绕射叠加dilatational wave:膨胀波dispersion:扩散，频散dispersion curve:频散曲线display:显示diving waves:弓形射线波Dix formula:Dix公式DSS:深地震测深dynamic corrections动校正earthquake:天然地震earthquake seismology: 天然地震测震学elastic:弹性的elastic constants:弹性常数e

26、lastic impedance:弹性阻抗elastic wave:弹性波electrodynamic geophone:电动检波器epicenter:震中event:同相轴expanding spread: 扩展排列extended spread:纵排列fathometer:水深计Fermats principle:费马原理first arrival:初至first break:初至波floating datum浮动基准面flute槽focus:震源fold: 覆盖次数format:数据格式Gardner method:加德纳法gather:道集geophone:地震检波器geophone

27、interval:检波距ground roll:地滚波group interval:组合间距group velocity:群速度guided wave:导波hammer冲击锤head wave:首波hodograph:矢端线Hooke's law:虎克定律horizontal stacking:水平叠加Huygens principle:惠更斯原理impedance:阻抗incident angle:入射角interval velocity:层速度Kirchoff diffraction equation:基尔霍夫绕射方程law of reflection:反射定律law of ref

28、raction:透射定律least-time path:最短时程Lg-wave: Lg-波longitudinal wave:纵波long-path multiple:全程多次反射波long wave长波love wave:勒夫波low-velocity layer:低速层marker bed:标准层migration: 偏移，运移minimum-phase最小相位multiple多次波multiple coverage:多次覆盖multiplex:多路传输，多倍仪multiplexed format:多路编排格式mute:切除NMO:Normal moveout.正常时差。normal in

29、cidence:法向入射normal moveout:正常时差offset:炮检距，偏移距，补偿onset:波端phase velocity:相速度：plane wave:平面波point source:点源Poisson's ratio:泊松比porosity:孔隙度Primary reflection一次反射primary wave:一次波P-wave:P-波Rayleigh wave:瑞雷波ray parameter射线参数 Audiovisual/Training AidsChemical ServicesComputer GraphicsComputersCore Analy

30、sisCore DisplayCore ServicesData Media and StorageDatabasesEngineering Consulting ServicesEnvironmental/Hydrogeological Services & StudiesExploration/Production CompanyField AppraisalEquipment/Instrumentation/SuppliesField InstrumentationGeochemical Services & ConsultingGeochemical SurveysGe

31、ographical Information Systems(GIS)Geological ModellingGeological Studies & ConsultingGeophonesGeophysical ModellingGlobal Positioning Systems (GPS)Gravity Services & ConsultingHydrophonesInteractive InterpretationLaboratory Instrumentation/Equipment/ServicesMagnetic Services & Consultin

32、gMapping/Cartographic servicesMicropaleontological Services & ConsultingSeismic Geophysical Equipment & ServicesPeripheralsPositioning EquipmentReservoir EvaluationReservoir Simulation Satellite Image ProcessingSatellite Image Interpretation DigitisingSecondary/Tertiary TreatmentSeismic &

33、; Non-Seismic Data processingSeismic Data BrokersSeismic Data AcquisitionSeismic Data ProcessingSeismic Interpretation ConsultingSeismic Recording SystemsSeismic ScanningSeismic ShootingSite Surveying/InvestigationsStreamersSub-surface Survey Equipment & Recording SystemsTelemetryThin SectioningTraining Courses & ServicesUniversity/Educational EstablishmentsVehiclesVesselsWell Completion ServicesWell Data Acquisition/ProcessingWell Logging/An