大学英语综合教程course_2__unit6

1、大学英语综合（全新版）大学英语综合（全新版）BOOK 2 Unit 6Listening PracticeVideo ClipTextNew Words ComprehensionLanguage Sense EnhancementVocabularySynonyms in ContextUsageComprehensive ExercisesTextNew Words Comprehension CheckTranslationLanguage PracticeSummary of Text BDictationSpeaking PracticePractical Writing: Devi

2、se QuestionnairesDo you know who the first American woman space shuttle pilot was? And who was the first woman commander of a U. S. spacecraft? Listen to the recording and youll find the answers. Complete the following statements according to what you have heard.TheThe followingfollowing wordswords

3、inin thethe recordingrecording maymay bebe newnew toto you:you:fuel vt. 刺激，加剧Associate Degree 准学士学位test pilot 试飞员space shuttle 航天飞机Discovery 发现号航天飞机Columbia 哥伦比亚号航天飞机launch v. 发射1. Thanks to , Eileen finally managed to get an Associates Degree in at Corning Community College.2. Collins became the fi

4、rst woman space shuttle pilot on in .3. Collins was not only the first woman astronaut in American history, but she also became the first American woman to in July 1999.4. Jerri Truhill, a woman astronaut trainer, saw Collins as somebody really special, partly because she had even , one of the thing

5、s people said would stand in the way of women becoming astronauts, yet . AsAs a a chilchilScriptScriptd growing up in small town Elmira, New York, Eileen Collins always dreamt of one day becoming a pilot. She spent her teenage years reading books about famous pilots, which fueled her curiosity and d

6、edication to her dream. At 16, she began saving for flying lessons with the money earned from her summer jobs. Though her parents could not afford to give their daughter a college education, Collins was able to earn scholarships, eventually landing an Associates Degree in math and science at Corning

7、 Community College. Encouraged, she worked her way to Air Force Test Pilot School, where NASA selected her for its astronaut program. Collins has flown on many space shuttle missions. Her first big accomplishment came in February 1995 where she became the first female shuttle pilot on Space Shuttle

8、Discovery. Later she also became the first woman Commander of a U.S. spacecraft when she commanded Space Shuttle Columbia on a mission, launched in July 1999. What Collins has always had, said her colleagues, is a very clear idea of what she wants, and a talent for getting it. Eileen had lots of opp

9、ortunities before her but the thing that was different was she took advantage of every one of them, says Jerri Truhill, a woman astronaut trainer. We see her as somebody really special. She even had two children between flights, and that tickles us, too. For every reason they said we couldnt do it,

10、shes proved them wrong.KeysKeys1. the scholarships she earned; math and science 2. Discovery; February 1995 3. command a spacecraft4. raised two children between flights; shes proved them wrongR T Carolyn Turk works in a profession that has traditionally been a career for men. Here she talks about h

11、ow she came to do so and how her success just goes to show that a woman can learn anything a man can.卡罗琳.特克从事的职业传统上一直是男人们的天下。在本文，她谈到自己是如何干上这一行的以及通过她的成功显示出男人们能学会的事女人们也能做到。A Woman Can Learn Anything a Man CanCarolyn TurkR T 1. When I was a kid, everything in my bedroom was pink. I have two sisters and

12、 we had a complete miniature kitchen, a herd of My Little Ponies and several Barbie and Ken dolls. We didnt have any toy trucks, G. I. Joes or basketballs. We did have a Wiffle-ball set, but you would have been hard-pressed to find it in our playroom. Tomboys we werent. 男人学得会的，女人也学得会 卡罗琳特克我小时候卧室里的每样

13、东西都是粉红色的。我有两个姐妹，我们有一个一应俱全的微型厨房，一群各种颜色的小马驹，还有好几个芭比和凯恩玩具娃娃。我们没有玩具卡车，没有玩具大兵，也没有篮球。我们确实有一套空心棒球，但是很难在我们的游戏室找到，毕竟我们不是假小子。R T 2. So some people may find it ironic that I grew up to be a mechanical engineer. In fact, I am the only female engineer at my company. In order to get my college degree, I had to ta

14、ke a lot of math and science classes. I also had to work with a team of students as part of a national competition to convert a gas-guzzling SUV into a hybrid electric vehicle thats where I learned how to fix cars. Im proud to say that I got As in all my classes, including multivariable calculus and

15、 differential equations. Ive always been pretty good at math and design, but I didnt understand where that could take me. I was expected to go to college, but no one ever told me Id make a good engineer someday.正因为如此，有些人对我长大后成了一名机械工程师也许感到出乎意外。事实上，我是我公司里唯一的一个女工程师。为了取得大学文凭，我要上许多数学和自然科学方面的课程。我还得和几个学生一起

16、工作，作为参与一次全国性竞赛的一部分，把一辆耗费汽油特多的运动型多用途汽车改装成混合型电动车就这样我学会了修车。 我可以自豪地说，我门门功课都是 A，包括多变量微积分和微分方程。我的数学和设计总是相当好，但是我不知道这些会给我带来什么样的结果。家里要我上大学，但是没人告诉我有一天会成为一名优秀的工程师。T 3. When I was in high school, I didnt know the first thing about engineering. I couldnt have distinguished a transmission from an alternator. The

17、car I drove needed some work but I was afraid to take it to the mechanic. Because honestly, the mechanic could have shown me an electric can opener and said, This is part of your car and its broken pay me to fix it, and I wouldnt have known any better.我上高中时对工程一无所知。我那时不能辨别变速器和交流发电机。我开的车需要修理，但是我不敢把车开到

18、修理工那里，因为说实话，如果修理工给我看一把电动开罐器并对我说：“这是你的汽车部件，坏了你付钱我给你修，”我也不会知道他在敲诈。R T 4. At the end of my junior year of high school, I heard about a summer program designed to interest girls in engineering. The six-week program was free, and students were given college credit and a dorm room at the University of Mar

19、yland. I applied to the program, not because I wanted to be an engineer, but because I was craving independence and wanted to get out of my parents house for six weeks.我在高中第三年末的时候，听说有一个暑期班，专门培养女孩对工程的兴趣。课程六周，不用缴费，学生还可获得大学学分，还可享受马里兰大学学生宿舍一个房间。我申请参加这个暑期班，这倒不是因为我想当工程师，而是因为我渴望独立，想离开父母的房子自己单独过上六周。R T 5. I

20、 was accepted to the program and I earned six engineering credits. The next year I entered the university as an engineering major. Five years later I had a degree and three decent job offers.我被这个暑期班录取了，得到了六个工程学分。第二年我上了这个大学，主修工程。五年后我获得学位，还有三个像样的就业机会。R T 6. I cant help shuddering when I hear about stu

21、dies that show that women are at a disadvantage when it comes to math. They imply that I am somehow abnormal. Im not, but I do know that if I hadnt stumbled into that summer program, I wouldnt be an engineer.听到有研究表明女性学数学处于劣势，我不禁不寒而栗。他们的言下之意是我有点反常。我一点也不反常，但是我知道，要不是我偶然闯进了那个暑期班，我是成不了工程师的。R T 7. When I

22、was growing up I was told, as many students are, to do what I am best at. But I didnt know what that was. Most people think that when you are good at something, it comes easily to you. But this is what I discovered: just because a subject is difficult to learn, it does not mean you are not good at i

23、t. You just have to grit your teeth and work harder to get good at it. Once you do, theres a strong chance you will enjoy it more than anything else.像许多学生一样，我成长过程中，就有人告诉我要做自己最擅长的事。但是我不知道自己最擅长的是什么。许多人认为，如果你擅长某件事，那你就能轻而易举地把它学好。但是我的发现是：某一门课程难学，并不意味着你就不擅长它。你得咬紧牙加倍努力干，才能学好它。一旦你学好了，你就很可能喜欢上它，从中得到无与伦比的乐趣。R

24、 T 8. In eighth grade I took algebra. On one test I got only 36 percent of the answers correct. I failed the next one, too. I started to think, maybe Im just no good at this. I was lucky enough to have a teacher who didnt take my bad grades as a judgment of my abilities, but simply as an indication

25、that I should study more. He pulled me aside and told me he knew I could do better. He let me retake the tests, and I pulled my grade up to an A.八年级时我修代数，有一次考试我只答对了百分之三十六的题目。接下去一次考试我又不及格。于是我想，也许我确实不擅长代数。值得庆幸的是我有一位老师，他没有根据我的低分来衡量我的能力，而认为低分只表示我应下更大的功夫。他把我叫到一旁，告诉我他知道我能学得更好。他让我重考，这次我把成绩提高到 A。R T 9. I st

26、udied a lot in college, too. I had moments of panic while sitting underneath the buzzing fluorescent lights in the engineering library on Saturday afternoons, when I worried that the estrogen in my body was preventing me from understanding thermodynamics. But the guys in my classes had to work just

27、as hard, and I knew that I couldnt afford to lose confidence in myself. I didnt want to choose between my femininity and a good career. So I reminded myself that those studies, the ones that say that math comes more naturally to men, are based on a faulty premise: that you can judge a persons abilit

28、ies separate from the cultural cues that she has received since she was an infant. No man is an island. No woman is, either.我在大学也很努力。星期六下午坐在工程图书馆吱吱作响的荧光灯下学习时，我也有过恐惧的时候，担心我体内的雌激素妨碍我理解热动力学。但是我班上的男生也同样要下功夫，我知道我不能对自己丧失信心。我不想在女性的娇柔和一个好职业中间两者只取其一。因此我提醒自己，宣称男性天生更能学好数学的研究是基于一个错误的前提，那就是认为人们可以脱离一个人从孩提时代就受到的社会

29、的文化熏陶而径直判断她的能力。男人不是孤岛，女人也不是。R T 10. Why are we so quick to limit ourselves? Im not denying that most little girls love dolls and most little boys love videogames, and it may be true that some people favor the right side of their brain, and others the left. But how relevant is that to me, or to anyon

30、e, as an individual? Instead of translating our differences into hard and fast conclusions about the human brain, why cant we focus instead on how incredibly flexible we are? Instead of using what we know as a reason why women cant learn physics, maybe we should consider the possibility that our bra

31、ins are more powerful than we imagine.我们为何要那么快地限制自己呢？我不否认，大多数小女孩喜欢玩具娃娃，大多数小男孩喜欢电子游戏。也许真的是有人喜欢用大脑的右半球，有人则喜欢用左半球。但这与我，或任何其他个人有何相干？为什么要对人与人之间的区别下定结论，说成是与大脑有关， 而不能把注意力集中到我们所具备的难以置信的灵活性上去呢？也许我们应该考虑我们的大脑可能比我们想象的强大得多，而不应该用我们所知的一点东西来阐述女人学不会物理的理由。11. Heres a secret: math and science dont come easily to most

32、people. No one was ever born knowing calculus. A woman can learn anything a man can, but first she needs to know that she can do it, and that takes a leap of faith. It also helps to have selective hearing.秘密在于：数学和自然科学都不是大多数人轻而易举就能学会的。没有人生来就懂微积分。男人学得会的女人也能学会。但是女人首先需要知道她能学会，而这需要有敢冒风险而为的精神。同时听别人的话也得有所选

33、择才行。Glossary Study the new words and expressions of Text again. （黑正体表示“一般要求”（四级）的词汇；黑正体后加表示“较高要求”（六级）的词汇；黑正体后加表示“更高要求”的词汇；黑色正体后加表示“超纲词汇”；黑色正体后加表示“专有名词”。） 1. miniature a. very small 极小的；微型的n. 微型器物；微型复制品，缩微模型I drank a miniature bottle of brandy from the mini bar at my hotel room last night. He has a m

34、iniature Eiffel Tower on his desk.He showed me the miniature of the pagoda. A day is a miniature of eternity.2. herdn.a group of animals of one kind that live and feed together 兽群；牧群A herd of whales was observed for the first time on the coast of Monaco this month.Attention! There is a herd of wild

35、elephants headed this way!a herd of 一群3. ponyn. horse of small breed 小型马； 矮种马His father gave him a pony as a Christmas present.4. dolln.a small model of a human figure used as a toy 玩偶；洋娃娃The young girl begged her mother to buy her a beautiful doll for her birthday.5. hard-presseda.experiencing seve

36、re or continuous difficulties 处于困境的，遭受强大压力的Hard-pressed farmers are tempted to cash out by selling their valuable land.6. playroomn.儿童游戏室He is going to turn his garage into a playroom for the children.7. tomboy n.假小子，顽皮女孩My younger sister is really a tomboy. She likes to play football and basketball

37、.8. ironica. (of a situation) odd or amusing because it is very different from what is expected 颇有讽刺意味的，令人啼笑皆非的It was ironic that the well-planned strategy failed so completely.9. mechanical a. having to do with, or worked by, machinery; machine like 机械（方面）的；机械般的，呆板的Applicants should have at least t

38、en years experience in the mechanical industry.This textbook gives a clear and thorough explanation of the fundamental principles of mechanical systems.10. convertv. change (from one form, use, etc. to another) （使）转变，（使）转化Do you know how to convert a PDF file into a Microsoft Office document?It is i

39、mportant to understand that there is energy loss when energy is converted from one form to another.11. guzzlev.猛吃，狂饮He guzzled his food like a pig.12. gas-guzzlinga.大量耗费汽油的，用油特多的Cars made in Germany are usually more gas-guzzling than those made in Japan.13. SUV= (AmE) Sports Utility Vehicle 运动型多用途汽车

40、He just changed his sports car for an SUV.14. hybrida. 混合的；杂种的n. 混合型机器；杂交动植物Hybrid rice is produced by crossbreeding different kinds of rice.Hybrid cars address the problems of high gas prices and the greenhouse effect.15. multivariablea.involving two or more variable quantities 多变量的；多元的He made a mu

41、ltivariable analysis on the update data.16. calculusn.微积分After studying differential calculus you will be able to solve these mathematical problems.17. differential equationn. 微分方程The main task for this period is differential equation.本堂课的主要内容就是（学）微分方程。18. not know/understand the first thing aboutno

42、t know anything about or how to do (sth.) 对一窍不通He doesnt know the first thing about baseball.The politician doesnt understand the first thing about foreign policy. He doesnt even have a passport.19. distinguishv.see, hear or notice as being separate or distinct, recognize clearly 辨认出；分辨Being no tea

43、drinker, I cant distinguish between green tea and black tea.I can distinguish one roommate from another by their footsteps.20. transmissionn.（机器或汽车上的）传动装置，变速器；传输Power transmission is the movement of energy from its place of generation to a locationwhere it is applied to performing useful work.Most c

44、ars sold in the United States since the 1950s have been equipped with an automatic transmission.21. alternatorn.交流发电机The alternator fails to generate electricity.22. mechanicn. person whose job is to repair and maintain machines 机修工；技工I want a mechanic to repair my car.23. openern.开启工具；开瓶器；开罐器Im sor

45、ry I cant help you with the bottle because I just lost my opener.24. not know any better(used to say that someone does sth. bad or stupid because they have not been told that it is wrong) 因无知而做错事或干傻事Doesnt she know any better than to wear jeans to a place like this?It was a dirty job which paid $4.8

46、5 an hour only, but I did not know any better back then.25. cravev.feel a powerful desire for 渴望得到Rebecca has craved for this house-warming party for ages.This great man has craved for a united country and urged for peace.26. decenta.good enough; socially acceptable 像样的，相当好的；得体的You must wear decent

47、clothes when you go for a new job. He looks as if he hadnt had a decent meal for a month.27. cant help doingbe unable to prevent oneself from doing 忍不住要做（某事）When you come to China you cant help noticing a can-do attitude and an overall sense that this is a society that is looking ahead.I cant help c

48、rying out in pain every time the nurses gave me shots.28. shudderv.shake uncontrollably; tremble with fear or disgust 战栗；（因恐惧或厌恶而）发抖He shuddered at the bare idea of it.The earth just shuddered under my feet. Was it an earthquake?29. at a disadvantagein a situation where one is less likely to succeed

49、 because of a problem 处于不利地位Both younger and older interviewees thought they were at a disadvantage in looking for work due to their age.My field was social studies, so I am at a disadvantage when it comes to hard science and physics issues.30. when it comes towhen the subject being discussed is (a

50、particular thing) 一谈到，就而言When it comes to mathematics, Im completely at sea.The actor admitted that he was hopeless when it came to relationships.31. implyv.express indirectly, suggest 暗示；含有的意思He seems to imply that he is different than most other humans and this difference is making him so lonely a

51、nd unhappy that he wants to die.Silence sometimes implies consent.32. abnormala. different, often in an undesirable way, from what is normal, or expected 不正常的；变态的The therapist thinks her abnormal behavior has something to do with her 2-year study abroad in America.In some religious societies, homose

52、xuality is regarded as utterly abnormal.33. stumblev.hit your foot against sth. when walking; walk unsteadily 绊了一下；跌跌撞撞而行The drunkard stumbled over a stone and fell.Evan stumbled along the dark path leading to the parking lot.34. stumble intoenter by accident 偶然步入If two people stumble into quicksand

53、, will the heavier person sink faster than the lighter one?I stumbled into writing movie reviews so I could get into the movie for fee.35. gritv. 咬紧The young police officer gritted his teeth and walked slowly toward the armed criminal.36. grit ones teethpress ones teeth together tightly in anger or

54、determination 咬紧牙关；下定决心For his pictures the model was not asked to do much but grit his teeth and look determined.She grit her teeth, but did not cry out once.37. algebran.代数I was not good at algebra in middle school.38. indicationn. a sign that shows sth. exists, is true, or will happen 迹象；表示Past p

55、erformance is not an indication of future results.Are record cold temperatures an indication of global warming?39. retakev. take again 重（考），补（考）If you cannot got more than 60 points in the final exam, you have to retake it next semester.40. panicn. sudden uncontrollable fear or anxiety 惊慌；恐慌v. 惊慌失措I

56、n panic, she tries to run home, but seriously hurts her ankle during her flight.The news report feeds the public panic about social networking sites.Dont panic! The game is not over yet!After the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers in 2008, other US financial institutions panicked.41. buzzv., n.(make) a c

57、ontinuous sound like bees （作）嗡嗡声The doorbell buzzed loudly. My mind is buzzing right now, full of ideas that are all demanding my attention, begging to be written up.The buzz in the room died down as Mitchell called for the game to start.Its relatively quiet except for the buzz of the bees.42. fluor

58、escenta. 发荧光的This shop sells fluorescent paint.43. fluorescent light荧光灯，日光灯I like fluorescent light more than incandescent lamp.44. estrogenn.雌激素Whats estrogen? Can we eat it? asked the little boy.45. thermodynamicsn.热力学Do you know what is the first law of thermodynamics?46. femininityn. qualities t

59、hat are considered typical of women 女性气质She kept her femininity even in greasy overalls.即使穿著油腻的工作服，她仍温柔可人。47. faultya.mistaken or misleading because of flaws; defective 有缺陷的Faulty consumer products come in all shapes and sizes.It is much easier to analyze faulty operation when you know how it should

60、 operate.48. premisen.a previous statement from which another follows as a conclusion 前提My teaching philosophy is based upon the premise that language education should providelearners with the opportunity to promote their intellectual development along with language proficiency. Everything that star