专业英语完整版资料

1、一、词汇1. 英译中1 、engine发动机2、piston活塞3、crankshaft曲轴4、clutch离合器5、chassis底盘6、automobile汽车7、body车身8、lightvehicle轻型车9、heavycommercialvehicle重型商务车10、truckdeck行李箱盖11、hood（发动机）罩12、powerunit动力装置13、compressionstroke压缩行程14、transmission变速器15、camshaft传输凸轮轴16、propellershaft传动轴17、powertrain传动系18、carburetor化油器19、washer

2、垫圈20、steeringsystem转向系统21、suspensionsystem悬架系统22、 brakingsystem刹车系统23、torqueconverter变矩器24、 timinggear正时齿轮25、finaldrive主减速器，后桥26、differential差速器27、internalcombustionengine内燃机28、 、electricalequipment电气设备29、driveshaft传动轴30、brakeshoe制动蹄31、flywheel飞轮32、steeringcolumn转向柱33、leafspring钢板弹簧34、coilspring螺旋簧3

3、5、waterjacket水套36、airbag气囊37、oxygensensor氧气传感器38、overhead-camshaft顶置凸轮轴39、multiplexbus多路传输总线40、throttlevalve节气门41、exhaustpipe排气管42、torsionbar扭杆43、differentialgear差动齿轮44、distributor分电器45、toe-in轮胎前束46、sungear太阳轮47、planetarygear行星齿轮48、regulator调节器49、axleshaft半轴50、valvetiming气门正时51、frontsuspension前悬架52、

4、intakevalve进气门53、kineticenergy动能54、retardingbraking缓速移动55、connectingrod连杆56、engineblock发动机缸体57、gasolineengine汽油机58、drumbrake鼓式制动器59、servicebraking行车制动60、combustionchamber燃烧室61、 steeringwheel转向轮62、aircooling空气冷却63、sparkplug火花塞64、starter起动机65、alternator交流发电机66、 valvesystem阀门系统67、valveclearance气门间隙68、

5、valvetiming气门正时69、valvetrain气门传动70、gearratio传动比71、inlineengine直列发动机72、distributedsystem分布系统73、variedcylindercount可变的气缸数74、excess-airfactor过量空气系数75、air-fuelratio空燃比76、dieselengine柴油发动机77、parkingbraking驻车制动78、discbrake盘式制动79、fuelpump燃料80、thermostat节温器81、 air-fuelmixture混合空气燃料82、steeringbox转向器83、shocka

6、bsorber减振器84、sweptvolume有效容积85、clearancevolume余隙容积86、intakemanifold进气总管87、cylindersleeve气缸套88、pistonring活塞环89、crankcase曲轴箱90、universaljoint万向节91、liquidcooling液体冷却92、cylinderhead气缸盖93、weakmixture稀混合气94、richmixture浓混合气95、inductionstroke进气行程96、compressionstroke压缩行程97、powerstroke做功行程98、exhauststroke排气行程

7、99、enginelubrication发动机润滑100、compressionratio压缩比101、filter滤清器102、sliding-meshtransmission滑动啮合变速器103、controllerareanetwork(CAN)控制器局域网104、constant-meshtransmission常啮合变速器105、synchro-meshtransmission同步啮合传动106、windscreenwiper风窗刮水器107、seat-belt座椅安全带108、continuouslyvariabletransmission无级变速器109、frontwheeldr

8、ive前轮驱动110、anti-theftsystem防盗系统111、brakeby-wire线控制动112、fault-tolerant容错113、enginecapacity发动机容量114、steeringsystem转向系统115、chargingsystem充电系统116、passengerinertialrestraintsystem惯性约束系统2、英文缩写1汽油直接喷射GDI2废气再循坏EGR3自动变速器AT4防抱死制动系统ABS5多用途汽车MPV6上止点TDC7前轮驱动FWD8电子稳定性程序ESP9车辆识别号VIN10电动助力转向EPS11液力助力转向HPS12多点燃油喷射 M

9、PI 1316全轮驱动 AWD手动变速器MT 1417 电子控制模块运动型多用途车SUV 15 下止点 BDCECM8诊断故障代码DTC19牵引力制动系统TCS 20三元催化转换器TWC 21车载诊断装置OBD 22 电子式气阀控共轨燃油喷射系统电子式气阀控制涡轮增压系统顶置凸轮轴气阀传动化油器式燃油系统三元催化转化器废气再循环制动液贮存箱蒸发排放控制制EVC23无级变速器CVT24电液制动EHB25机电制动EMB26控制器局域网络CAN27曲轴箱强制通风PCV28汽车工程学会SAE29智能型可变配气正时和气门升程VTEC30电子控制燃油喷射EFI31怠速控制ISC32歧管绝对压力MAP33专

10、业维修工具SST34车辆控制模块VCM5内部局域网LAN36汽车工程师协会SAE37空调AC38绝对压力传感器APS39电控制动力分配EBD40电子点火提前角ESA41无线遥控门锁RKE42国际标准机构ISO43全球卫星定位系统GPS44混合动力电动汽车HEV45低排放汽车LEV46发光二极管LED47液晶显示器LCD48原装设备制造厂OEM49顶置凸轮轴OHC50顶置气门OHV51辅助约束系统SRS3.连线1) .CommonRailInjectionSystem2) .Electronicvalvecontrol3) .TurboChargerSystem4) .0verheadCamsh

11、aftValveTrain5) .CarburetorFuelSystem6) Three-wayCatalyticConverter7) .Exhaust-gasrecirculation8) .brakefluidreservoir9) .EvaporativeEmissionControl10) .fail-safemode失效安全模式二、判断对错( )1.Automobilepartscanbegroupedintothreemajorcategories:body,engineandchassis.( )2.BDCisthepositionofthecrankandpositionw

12、henthepistonisfartherfromthecrankshaft.( )3.Enginecapacityisthesweptvolumeofallthecylinders.( )4.Boreistheinternaldiameterofthecylinder.( )5.Gasolineengineiscalledacompression-ignitionengine.( )6.Dieselandgasolineenginearebothinternal-combustionengines.( )7.Thethreemostharmfulemissionsarehydrocarbon

13、s,carbondioxideandnitrogenoxides.( )8.Inenginestherearetwomethodsofcooling:aircoolingandliquidcooling.( V)9.Alternatorinthevehicleonlyproduceselectricitytooperatethevariouselectricalcircuits.( )10.Whenthedriverturnsthesteeringwheel，thesteeringgeariscentered.( )11.StrokeisthedistancebetweenBDCandTDC.

14、( )12.Ifenginecombustionoccurswithinthepowerchamber,theengineiscalledanexternalcombustionengine.( )13.TDCisthepositionofthecrankandpistonwhenthepistonisfartherawayfromthecrankshaft( )14.Dieseliscalledacompression-ignitionengine.( )15.Dieselenginehashighercompressionratiothangasolineengine.( )16.Thee

15、ngineactsasthepowerunit.( )17.Thevehicleisclassifiedasrear-wheeldrivefront-wheeldrive,four-wheeldriveorall-wheeldrive.( )18.Whenavehicleiscorneredtheaxleshaftcanmaintainsitsdrivingaction.( )19.Exposedtotheair,drumbrakesradiatetheheattotheairbetterthandiscbrakes.( )20.Therearetwotypesoftransmissions-

16、manualandautomatic.( )21.Inanautomobile,theelectricalvoltageiscreatedbychemicalactioninthestoragebatteryandbymagneticinductioninthealternator.( )22.Thechassisincludesthepowertrain,steering,suspension,andbrakingsystem.( )23.SweptvolumeisthevolumebetweenTDCandBDC.( )24.Clearancevolumeisthevolumeofthes

17、paceabovethepistonwhenitisatTDC.( )25.Compressionratio=(sweptvolume+clearancevolume)/(clearancevolume).( )26.Thespark-ignitionengineoperatingstrokesareinductionstroke,compressionstroke,powerstrokeandexhauststroke.( )27.Thepurposeofthelubricationsystemistocirculateoilthroughtheengine.( )28.Rear-wheel

18、drivehasadvantagesoverfront-wheeldrive.( )29.Inordertoreducethespeedofthevehicle,thebrakeshavetoconvertthekineticenergytochemicalenergy.( )30.Since1976,allcarshaveuseddiscbrakesonthefrontwheels.( )31.Non-powerbrakesrelyonthedriversfootpressuretooperate.( )32.Therearsuspensionismorecomplicatedthanthe

19、frontsuspension.( )33.Whendischarging,PbOandPbintheLead-acidbatteryreactwithHSOtoformPbSO.( )34.Thechargingsystemusesthemechanicalenergyoftheenginetogenerateelectricity.( )35.Passengerrestraintsystemsconsistofairbagandseat-belttighteningsystem.三、语句英译中1. Theinternalcombustionengineismostcommon:thisob

20、tainsitspowerbyburningaliquidfuelinsidetheenginecylinder.Therearetwotypesofengine:gasolineanddiesel.内燃发动机最常用的，它是通过燃烧发动机气缸内的液体燃料获得动力。有两种类型的发动机：汽油发动机和柴油发动机。2. Apowertraincanincludeaclutchformanualtransmissionoratorqueconverterforautomatictransmission,atransmission,adriveshaft,finaldriveanddifferential

21、gearsanddrivingaxles.动力传动系包括一个供手动传输的离合器或自动传输的力矩转换器、变速器、传动轴、主减速器和差速器、驱动轴。3. Thechargingsystemprovideselectricalenergyforalloftheelectricalcomponentsonthevehicles.Themainpartsofthechargingsysteminclude:thebattery,thealternator,thevoltageregulator,achargingwarningandwiring.充电系统为车辆上的所有电气元件提供电能。充电系统主要包括：

22、电池、交流发动机、电压调节器，充电报警指示灯和形成电路的导线。4. Theenginehashundredsofotherparts.Themajorpartsofengineareengineblock,engineheads,pistons,connectingrods,crankshaftandvalves.Theotherpartsarejoinedtomakesystem.Thesesystemsarethefuelsystem,intakesystem,ignitionsystem,coolingsystem,lubricationsystemandexhaustsystem.发动

23、机有数百个零件。主要零件有发动机缸体，发动机缸盖、活塞、连杆、曲轴和阀。其他的零件也形成了这一系统。这些系统是燃料系统、进气系统、点火系统、冷却系统、润滑系统和排气系统。5. Theengineblockisthebasicframeoftheengine.Allotherenginepartseitherfitinsideitorfastentoit.Itholdsthecylinders,waterjacketsandoil-galleries.Theengineblockalsoholdsthecrankshaft,whichfastenstothebottomoftheblock.发动

24、机缸体是发动机的基础结构。所有其他发动机零件要么装在缸体内，要么固定在缸体上。它承装气缸、水套和油道。发动机缸体还承装固定于发动机体的底部的曲轴。6. Thepistonisanimportantpartofafour-strokecycleengine.Mostpistonsaremadefromcastaluminum.Thepiston,throughtheconnectingrod,transferstothecrankshafttheforcecreatedbytheburningfuelmixture.活塞是四冲程循环发动机的重要组成部分。大多数活塞是用铸铝制造的。通过连杆，活塞把

25、燃烧燃料混合气产生的力传递到曲轴上。7. Anelectronicvalvecontrolsystemreplacesthemechanicalcamshaft,controllingeachvalvewithactuatorsforindependentvalvetiming.TheEVCsystemcontrolstheopeningandclosingtimeandliftamountofeachintakeandexhaustvalvewithindependentactuatorsoneachvalve.电子气阀控制系统替代机械凸轮轴，用执行器控制每一个气阀使它能独立的气阀正时。电子

26、阀控制系统用每个气阀上的独立执行器控制进气阀和排气阀的打开和关闭时间和提起量。8. Thedieselisusedforthemajorityofheavevehiclesandtheexcellentfueleconomymakesitanattractivealternativetothepetrolengineforlightcommercialvehicles,deliveryvansandtaxis.柴油用于大多数重型汽车，极好的燃料经济性使它成为一个吸引人的替代品相对于轻型商务车、和出租汽车。9. Adieselenginehasnodistributor,sparkplugs,o

27、rsparkplugs.Thefuelisignitedbyheatproducedbycompressingtheairinthecylinders.Forthisreason,thedieseliscalledacompression-ignitionengine.柴油发动机没有分电器、火花塞或火花塞线。燃油通过气缸内压缩空气产生的热点火。因此，柴油发动机又叫做压缩点火发动机。10. Thefinaldifferencebetweenthegasolineanddieselenginesisinthewaythefuelisinjected.Thefuelinjectionsystemis

28、themostimportantpartofthedieselengine.汽油和柴油发动机之间的最后的差别在于燃油的喷射方法。燃油喷射系统是柴油发动机的最重要部分。11. Someformofcoolingmustbeprovidedtotakeawaytheheatfromthecylinderandworkingpartsofanengine.Thisheatcomesfromcombustionofthefuelandfromfrictionbetweenrubbingparts.某些形式的冷却装置必须被提供用来带走发动机气缸或者工作部件产生的热量，这些热量来自燃料的燃烧和活动部件的摩

29、擦。12. Liquidcoolingsystemconsistsofseveralinterdependentpartsthatfunctiontogethertomaintainproperenginetemperatures.Thepartsinclude:radiator,fan,coolantrecoverysystem,coolantpump,waterjacket,thermostat,pressurecap,softplugs.液体冷却系统包括一些互相依存的部分一起工作去维持发动机合适的温度。这些部分包括:散热器、风扇、冷却剂回收系统、冷却泵、水套、节温器、压力感应器、软塞。1

30、3. Thepurposeofthelubricationsystemistocirculateoilthroughtheengine.Anenginemusthaveagoodlubricationsystem.Withoutit,thefrictionheatfromthecontactofthemovingpartswouldwearthepartsandcausepowerloss.润滑系统的目标是保证润滑油在发动机内循环，一个发动机一定要有好的润滑系统。没有它，活动部件之间的摩擦生热会损害部件和引起动力损失。14. Thefunctionofthepowertrainofanauto

31、mobileistoprovidetheforcesnecessaryforlocomotion.TheforcesareproducedbytheconversionintheICengineofthechemicalenergyinliquidfuelsintotheenergyofmotion.汽车传动系的功能是为运动提供必要的动力。动力通过内燃机内部液体燃料的化学能向运动能量的转变而产生。15. Adryclutchperformstwotasks:1)itdisengagestheenginefromthetransmissiontoallowforgearchanging,2)it

32、isameansforgraduallyengagingtheenginetothedrivingwheels.干摩擦离合器执行两个任务：1.它使发动机从变速器中脱离出来来允许齿轮的改变，2.它使发动机逐渐与驱动轮啮合。16. Tostarttheengine,thedrivermustdepresstheclutchpedal.Thisdisengagesthetransmissionfromtheengine.Tomovethecar,thedrivermustreengagethetransmissiontotheengine.为了起动发动机，驾驶员必须踩离合器踏板，这使变速器从发动机中

33、脱离出来，为了使汽车运动，驾驶员必须使变速器和发动机重新啮合。17. Anautomatictransmissionisadevicethatprovidesgearreduction,withresultingmultiplicationoftorque.Thegearrangesareautomaticallyselectedtoprovidethemostefficientoperationandthebesttorqueoutput.自动变速器是一个提供齿轮减速，用乘法改变扭矩的设备。齿轮范围是被自动的选择用来提供最有效的操作和最好的扭矩输出。18. Automatictransmis

34、sionshavethreebasicsystemsatorqueconverter,agearsystemandahydraulicsystem.Thesefittogetherinaunitthatfastensdirectlybehindtheengine.自动变速器有三个基本系统变矩器，齿轮系统和液压系统。这些被安装在同一装置中且被直接固定在发动机后面。19. Whenavehicleiscorneredtheinnerwheelmovesthroughashorterdistancethantheouterwheel.Thismeansthattheinnerwheelmustslo

35、wdownandtheouterwheelmustspeedup.当车辆转弯时，内轮移动的距离相对于外部的车轮更短。这意味着内部的车轮必须减速外部的车轮必须加速。20. Theservicebrakingsystemandtheparkingbrakingsystemhaveseparatecontrolandtransmissiondevices.Theservicebrakingsystemisnormallyfoot-operated,whiletheparkingbrakingsystemishand-operated.行车制动系统和驻车制动系统有单独的控制和传动装置。行车制动系统正常

36、用脚操作，而驻车制动系统则用手操作。21. Electrohydraulicbrakingsystemsaredesignedtoallowelectroniccontrolofvehiclebrakingwhileretainingareducedhydraulicsystem.电液制动系统被设计出来允许电子控制汽车制动然而保留了液压系统。22. TheABSpreventsthewheelsfromlockingwhenthevehicleisoverbraked.Thevehiclethereforeretainsitsdirectionalstabilityandsteerabilit

37、yevenunderemergencybrakingonaslipperyroadsurface.ABS预防车轮被锁死当车辆过度制动时，汽车会因此保留它的方向稳定性和可控制性即使在滑的路面的紧急制动的情况下。23. Whilethesteeringsystemmaylookcomplicated,itworksquitesimply.Whenadriverdrivesacarstraightdowntheroad,thesteeringgeariscentered.Thegearholdsthelinkagecenteredsothatthewheelsandtirespointstraigh

38、tahead.尽管转向系看上去很复杂，但它工作相当简单。当驾驶员驾驶车辆直行时，转向齿轮居中。该齿轮保持中位，车轮向前直行。24. Thesteeringsystemmustguaranteeeasyandsafesteeringofthevehicle:itmustbepossibletoturnthefrontwheelsintothepositioncorrespondingtoaturningcirclewitharadiusof12mwithinamaximumof6s.转向系统必须保证车辆容易地和安全地转向：它要能够尽可能的使前轮在最多6秒之内转动到转弯半径为12米的圆的相应位置。

39、25. Thepurposeofthesuspensionsystemistopreventlargeshocks,causedbythewheelsstrikingbumpsintheroad,beingpassedtothevehicleoccupantsandcomponents;otherwisediscomfortanddamagewouldoccur.悬架目的是防止车轮撞击路上障碍物时，传到乘客和车辆组件的巨大震动。不然，不舒适感和危害将会出现。26. Thefrontsuspensionismorecomplicatedthantherearsuspension.Thisisbe

40、causethefrontwheelsmustmoveinseveraldifferentdirections.Thewheelsmustmoveupanddownwiththesuspensionandtumlefttorightwiththesteering.前悬架比后悬架更加的复杂，这是因为前轮需要向几个不同的方向移动。车轮必须随着悬架上下移动，并且伴随着转向系统左右转动。四句子中译英1 汽车的主要组成部分包括车身、发动机、底盘和电气设备。Themainpartsofthevehicleincludingengine,chassis,bodyandelectricalequipment.

41、2 底盘包括传动系统，悬架，转向部分以及制动系统Thechassisincludesthepowertrain,suspension,steeringandbrakingsystems.3 如果发动机燃烧发生在汽缸内，该气缸称为发动机内燃机.Ifenginecombustionoccurswithinthepowerchamber,theengineiscalledaninternalcombustionengine.4 活塞本身,它的环和活塞销一起称为活塞总成.Thepistonitself,itsringsandthepistonpinaretogethercalledthepistona

42、ssembly.5 现代的汽油汽车的压缩比大概为9：1.Moderngasolineenginehavecompressionratiosofabout9:1.6 柴油汽车的压缩比在18：1到22：1之间.Dieselcarengineshavecompressionratiosbetween18:1and22:1.7 四冲程发动机的工作循环包括四个活塞行程Fourstrokeenginecycleconsistsoffourpistonstrokes.8 柴油机称为压燃式发动机。Thedieseliscalledacompression-ignitionengine.9 汽油机称为点燃式发动

43、机。Thegasolineiscalledaspark-ignitionengine.10有两种类型的冷却方式：空冷和液体冷却。Therearetwomethodsofcooling:aircoolingandliquidcooling.11 有两种类型的变速器：手动和自动。Therearetwotypesoftransmissions-manual(MT)andautomatic(AT).12 传动轴将变速器主轴输出的动力传递给主减速器的小齿轮。Thepropellershafttransmitsthedrivefromthetransmissionmainshafttothefinaldr

44、ivepinion.13 当前使用的三种类型的制动系统：行车制动系统，驻车制动系统以及额外的缓速制动系统。Thethreetypesofbrakingsystemsareinusetoday:servicebrakingsystem,parkingbrakingsystemandadditionalretarding-brakingsystem.14 现代轿车采用两种类型的制动器：鼓式制动器和盘式制动器。Twotypesofbrakesareusedinmoderncars:drumbrakesanddiscbrakes.15 .在制动时，防抱死制动系统能够避免车轮抱死。ABScanpreve

45、ntwheelsfromlockingupduringbraking.16 大多数重型商用车采用循环球式转向器。Mostheavycommercialvehiclesusetherecirculatingballtypeofsteeringgear.17现代轿车采用独立前悬架。Moderncarsuseanindependentfrontsuspension.18后悬架的作用是支撑后部的重量。Thepurposeoftherearsuspensionistosupporttheweightoftherearofthevehicle.19 .现代许多轿车采用发动机前置前驱布置方式。Manymod

46、erncarshavefront-enginefront-drivelayouts.20 在汽车悬架系统中，有三种基本类型的弹簧：螺旋弹簧，钢板弹簧和扭杆弹簧。Therearethreebasictypesofspringsinautomobilesuspension-coilspringleafspringandtorsionbars.五.段落英译中1.EngineOperatingPrinciplesMostautomobileenginesareinternalcombustion,reciprocating4-strokegasolineengines,butothertypeshav

47、ebeenused,includingthediesel,therotary(Wankel)the2-srtoke,andstratifiedcharge.Reciprocatingmeansupanddownorbackandforth,itistheupanddownactionofapistoninthecylinderblock,orengineblock.Theblockisanironoraluminumcastingthatcontainsenginecylindersandpassagescalledwaterjacketsforcoolantcirculation.Theto

48、poftheblockiscoveredwiththecylinderheadwhichformsthecombustionchamber.Thebottomoftheblockiscoveredwithanoilpanoroilsump.Powerisproducedbythelinearmotionofapistoninacylinder.However,thislinearmotionmustbechangedintorotarymotiontotumthewheelsofcars.Thepistonisattachedtothetopofaconnectingrodbyapin,cal

49、ledapistonpinorwristpin.Thebottomoftheconnectingrodisattachedtothecrankshaft.Theconnectingrodtransmitstheup-and-downmotionofthepistontothecrankshaft,whichchangesitintorotarymotion.Theconnectingrodismountedonthecrankshaftwithlargebearingscalledrodbearings.Similarbearings,calledmainbearings,areusedtom

50、ountthecrankshaftintheblock.Thediameterofthecylinderiscalledtheenginebore.Displacementandcompressionratioaretwofrequentlyusedenginespecifications.Displacementindicatesenginesize,andcompressionratiocomparesthetotalcylindervolumetocompressionchambervolume.Thetermstrokeisusedtodescribethemovementofthep

51、istonwithinthecylinder,aswellasthedistanceofpistontravel.Dependingonthetypeofenginetheoperatingcyclemayrequireeithertwoorfourstrokestocomplete.The4-strokeengineisalsocalledOttocycleengine,inhonoroftheGermanengineer,Otto,whofirstappliedtheprinciplein1876.Inthe4-strokeengine,fourstrokesofthepistoninth

52、ecylinderarerequiredtocompleteonefulloperatingcycle.Eachstrokeisnamedaftertheactionitperformsintake,compression,power,andexhaustinthatorder.l.IntakestrokeAsthepistonmovesdown,thevaporizedmixtureoffuelandairentersthecylinderthroughopenintakevalve.Toobtainthemaximumfillingofthecylindertheintakevalveop

53、ensabout10beforeTDC,giving20overlap.Theinletvalveremainsopenuntilsome50afterBDCtotakeadvantageofincomingmixture2.CompressionstrokeThepistonturnsup,theintakevalvecloses,themixtureiscompressedwithinthecombustionchamber,whilethepressurerisetoaboutiMpa,dependingonvariousfactorsincludingthecompressionrat

54、io,throttleopeningandenginespeed.Nearthetopofthestrokethemixtureisignitedbyasparkwhichbridgesthegapofthesparkplug.3. PowerstrokeTheexpandinggasesofcombustionproducesariseinpressureofthegastosome3.5Mpaandthepistonisforceddowninthecylinder.Theexhaustvalveopensnearthebottomofthestroke.4. ExhauststrokeT

55、hepistonmovesbackupwiththeexhaustvalveopensome50beforeBDC,allowingthepressurewithinthecylindertofallandtoreducebackpressureonthepistonduringtheexhauststroke,andtheburnedgasesarepushedouttoprepareforthenextintakestroke.Theintakevalveusuallyopensjustbeforetheexhauststroke.This4-strokecycleiscontinuous

56、lyrepeatedineveryaslongastheengineremainsrunning.A2-strokeenginealsogoesthroughfouractionstocompleteoneoperatingcycle.However,theintakeandthecompressionactionsarecombinedinonestroke,andthepowerandexhaustactionsarecombinedintheotherstroke.Theterm2-strokecycleor2-strokeispreferredtotheterm2-cycle,whic

57、hisreallynotaccurate.Inautomobileengines,allpistonsareattachedtoasinglecrankshaft.Themorecylindersanenginehas,themorepowerstrokesproducedforeachrevolution.Thismeansthatan8-cylinderenginerunsmoresmoothlybecausethepowerstrokesareclosertogetherintimeandindegreesofenginerotation.Thecylindersofmulti-cyli

58、nderautomotiveenginesarrangedinoneofthreeways.1. Inlineenginesuseasingleblockofcylinder.Most4-cylinderandany6-cylinderenginesareofthisdesign.Thecylindersdonothavetobevertical.Theycanbeinclinedeitherside.2. V-typeenginesusetwoequalbandsofcylinders,usuallyinclined60degreesor90degreesfromtheeachother.MostV-typeengineshave6or8cylinders,