常用矿业英语词汇

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上常用矿业英语词汇abandoned drives 'bændnd draivs 废巷道abrasion resistance 'brein ri'zistns 抗磨蚀能力abrasive 'breisiv 磨料absorbent b's:bnt 吸收剂accessory equipment k'sesri i'kwipmnt 补助设备accessory minerals k'sesri 'minrls 副矿物access ramp 'ækses ræmp 出入

2、沟accidental explosion ,æksi'dentl ik'splun 意外爆炸acid mine water 'æsid main 'w:t 酸性矿水acid resistant 'æsid ri'zistnt 耐酸的acid rock 'æsid rk 酸性岩acidite 'æsidait 酸性岩activated charcoal 'æktiveitid 't:kul 活性煤activator 'æktiveit 活

3、化剂adamellite ,æd'melait 石英二长石adamic earth 'ædmik : 红粘土additive 'æditiv 添加剂adhere d'hi 粘着adhesion force d'hi:n f:s 粘附力Adit 'ædit 平硐An adit is a horizontal or nearly horizontal entrance to a mine.adit collar 'ædit 'kl 平硐口adit cut mining '

4、30;dit kt 'maini 平硐开采 adjustable prop 'dstbl prp 伸缩式支柱 anisotropic ，naisu'trpik .各向异性的 adobe blasting 'dubi 'bl:sti 裸露装药爆破adobe shot 'dubi t 裸露装药爆破advancement d'v:nsmnt, d'væns- 掘进advancing along the strike d'v:nsi 'l straik 沿走向掘进AFC- 工作面皮带输送机The arm

5、ored face conveyor. Used on the coal face of an underground mine to protect the workers and convey the coal to the crusherAgate 'æt 玛瑙Agglomerate 'lmrt, -reit, 'lmreit 火山角砾岩aggregate thickness 'ærit, 'ærieit 'iknis 总厚度Air Crossing- 'kr:si 气流交汇点A place where

6、 return air and fresh cross over but are still divided.air flow flu 气流air intake 'inteik 进气口air leg le 风动钻架 air vent  vent 气孔,排气口Alunite 'æljunait 明矾石ANFO 氨油炸药angle of dip 'æl dip 倾角 anthracite 'ænrsait 无烟煤 anticline 'æntiklain 背斜anticlinorium ,æ

7、;ntiklai'n:rim 复背斜asbestos æz'bests 石棉asphalt 'æsfælt 沥青asphyxia æs'fiksi, suffocation ,sf'kein, gassing 'æsi  窒息associate bed 'sui,eitid bed 伴生层auger drill ': dril 螺旋钻auger mining ': 'maini 螺旋钻采矿法augite ':dait

8、辉石autoclave ':tkleiv: 高压灭菌器a closed strong vessel for conducting chemical reactions under high pressure and temperature.back fill bæk fil : 采空区充填classified tailings or waste rock used to fill voids created by underground mining.backfill cure 'bækfil kju 回填物凝固Back bæk 巷道顶部The b

9、ack is the roof or overhead surface of an underground excavation.Backhoe bækhu 反铲挖土机ball mill b:l mil 球磨厂: a rotating horizontal cylinder in which ore is ground using various types of grinding media including iron balls.Basalt 'bæs:lt 玄武岩basset 'bæsit 露头Batter 'bæt 平台

10、坡面Baulk- b:k 方形木材支柱Squared, round or half round timber beam set across roadway for roof support.bauxite 'b:ksait 铝土矿BCM实立方米'kr:s bank cubic metersBed bed ,deposit di'pzit, field 'fi:ld  矿床Bedding 'bedi 层理bedrock ,bed'rk 基岩Bench crest bent krest 台阶坡顶Bench height bent

11、 hait 台阶高度Bench slope bent slup 台阶坡面角Bench toe bent tu 台阶坡底Benching 'benti 切割巷道底部Stripping the floor. Mining the floor of a drive to lower its level/elevation.beneficiation machinery beni,fii'ein m'i:nri 选矿机械beneficiation method beni,fii'ein 'med 选矿方法beneficiation reagent beni,fi

12、i'ein ri:'eidnt 选矿试剂beneficiation beni,fii'ein 选矿Berm interval b:m 'intvl 平台高度Berms b:ms 平台Berryman- 'berimæn 电瓶车司机 The troop transport that ferries the workers from the surface to the coal face or around the mine.BFS 银行可贷款程度的可行性研究bankable feasibility study bio-concentration

13、 'baiu-,knsn'trein 生物选矿biotite 'baitait 黑云母Blast Engineering 'blæst ,endi'niri 爆破工程blast hole  'blæst hul 钻孔Blasting Patterns 'bl:sti 'pætns 布孔方式Blasting 'bl:sti 爆破block cave method blk keiv 'med 崩落采矿法Block Model blk 'mdl 块段模型Geolo

14、gy Block model, The tonnes, grade and metal generate by software package. Boot End bu:t end 受料漏斗- The receiving hopper situated at the end of the panel conveyor. It accepts the coal from the shuttle carBord-b:d Bord, from bord and pillar mining.Borer 'b:r, drill dril, drilling machine 'drili

15、 m'i:n  钻机bore plug 'b:rpl 钻孔岩样boring 'b:ri , drilling  'drili 钻探、钻进boundary 'baundri 分界线Box cut bks kt ，开段沟，井口区Brattice- 'brætis 防火服A fire resistant fabric or clothBrattice 'brætis 屏蔽墙A temporary wall of light construction, usually made from

16、 Hessian or loose weave fabric. Brattices are usually installed to separate intake (fresh) and exhaust airflows.brazil br'zil 黄铁矿Breccia 'breti 角砾岩: rock consisting of fragments, more or less angular, in a matrix of finer-grained material or of cementing material.brow brau 巷道与采空区衔接处brown coa

17、l braun kul 褐煤hematite 'hemtait, 'hi:m- 赤铁矿Brushing 'bri 扩大巷道Digging up the bottom or taking out the top to make more headroom in roadwaysBSL- Beam Stage Loader bi:m steid 'lud 皮带卸料机. Connects the AFC to the main gate conveyorBucket fill factor 'bkit fil 'fækt 满斗系数Bucket

18、 wheel excavators 'bkit hwi:l 'eksk,veits斗轮挖掘机Burden 'b:dn负担，（爆破）台阶抵抗线宽度Bulkhead-'bkhed 牛鼻楔A tight partition of wood, rock, and mud or concrete in mines for protection against gas, fire, and water.Cablebolt 'keiblbult 钢索锚杆Calcite 'kælsait 方解石Capital and operating costs &

19、#39;kæpitl 'preiti ksts 投资和作业成本carbon circuit 'k:bn 's:kit 炭吸附过程 activated carbon is used to collect gold from the leach dump solution and a chemical process is subsequently used to recover gold from the carbon.Carbonaceous ,k:bu'neis: 碳的,碳质的,含碳的containing carbon or coal, especi

20、ally shale or other rock containing small particles of carbon distributed throughout the whole mass.carbon-in-leach ("CIL")'k:bn li:t 碳选process: This process is used to recover gold into activated carbon during the agitation leach process. The gold recovery from carbon follows normal c

21、arbon stripping procedures. This process is used to improve gold recoveries when naturally occurring carbonaceous materials are present in the ore which reduce normal gold recoveries.carbon-in-pulp ("CIP")'k:bn plp 载金碳process: this process is used to recover gold that has been dissolve

22、d after cyanide leach agitation. Pulp, after cyanidation, is mixed in a series of agitators with coarse activated carbon particles. Carbon is moved counter-current to the pulp, absorbing gold as it passes through the circuit. Loaded carbon is removed by screening from the lead agitated tank. Gold is

23、 recovered from the loaded carbon by stripping at elevated temperature and pressure in a caustic cyanide solution. This high-grade solution is then passed through an electrolytic cell, where gold powder is deposited on a stainless steel woven wire cathode. The gold powder is washed from the loaded c

24、athodes and then smelted to produce dor.Carlin-type 'ka:lin taip 卡林型矿床: a deposit having characteristics similar to the Carlin Gold Mine, Nevada, USA.cave-in keiv  陷落Caving methods 'keivi 'medz 崩落法Cavity Monitoring System (CMS) 'kævti 'mnitri 'sistm :空穴监测系统，空穴体

25、This system is a laser surveying system commonly used to survey large openings such as stopes in underground mines. The volume measurements are accurate and are able to provide the volume of openings in order to calculate the tonnage of material mined.chalk  t:k 白垩charge t:d 装炸药chemical mi

26、neral processing 'kemikl 'minrl pru'sesi 化学选矿Chitter-'tit 夹矸Waste rock broken during mining and picked or washed out from the coal.Chock tk 巷道支柱-Timber-A roof support unit for use in large openings which consists of wooden or steel blocks stacked between the floor and the roof often

27、filled with stone for added stability Chock tk 液压支柱Hydraulic- An hydraulic support used with the longwall system of miningChromite 'krumait 铬铁矿Chute u:t 溜井A chute is a loading arrangement that utilizes gravity flow to move material from a higher level to a lower level.clay pit  klei pi

28、t 粘土矿坑clay   klei 粘土Cleat-kli:t 夹板Parallel cleavage planes or partings crossing the bedding and along which the coal breaks more easily than in any other directionCleavage-'kli:vid 解理The cracks in a material along which the material usually breaks or fractures. The planes along wh

29、ich the material fractures.coal  kul 煤,烟煤coal bedkul bed 煤层 coal field kul'fi:ld 煤田coal mine  kul main煤矿矿井coke kuk 焦,焦炭concentrate 'knsntreit : 精矿a product containing the valuable metal and from which most of the waste material in the ore has been eliminate

30、d.concentration ,knsn'trein 富集concentrator 'knsntreit 浓缩器，浓密机: a plant for recovery of valuable minerals from ore in the form of concentrate. The concentrate must then be treated in some other type of plant, such as a smelter, to effect recovery of the pure metal.cone crusher kun 'kr 圆锥破

31、碎机Continuous miner- kn'tinjus 'main 连续采矿机 The electric powered cutting machine used to remove coal from the face and load it into the shuttle car. It comes in a variety of makes and sizes. Contour mapknt等值线图Convention kn'venn 惯例Conveyors kn'veis 皮带运输机Cowl- kaul 控尘罩 Attachment on rang

32、ing arm to suppress dust and direct coal onto armored face conveyorCPM 关键路线法Critical Path Method Crib Hut and Bathhouse krib ht 'b:haus 休息室Crib-krib休息处，休息时间meal time or break time for the workers.cross pitch kr:s pit 走向Crosscut 'kr:s,kt 石门，横巷A crosscut is a horizontal or nearly horizontal un

33、derground opening that is driven to intersect an orebody.Crusher station 'kr 'stein 破碎站Crushing 'kri 破碎 Cuddy 'kdi 横巷，巷道槽cut and fill mining kt fil 'maini 充填采矿法Cut Off Grade kt reid 边界品位:Indicate the minimum grade mineable according COG Calculationcut-and-fill stoping kt fil '

34、;stupi 充填采矿法: an underground mining method in which the ore is excavated by successive flat slices, working upward from the level. After each slice is blasted, all broken ore is removed and the stope is filled with waste up to within a few feet of the back before the next slice is taken out.Cut-out

35、kt aut 避车横巷（槽）-Opening made in a mine working in which a drill or other equipment may be placed so as not to interfere with other mining operations.Cut kt 巷道掘进的一个步进循环: development face that has been drilled out to the length of the drill steel, and subsequently fired, in order to advance the develop

36、ment heading.Cyanidation saini'dein : 氰化提金a method of extracting gold or silver by dissolving it in a weak solution of sodium or potassium cyanide.Cycle time 'saikl taim 周期时间deck charge(loading) dek td分段装药 Decline di'klain -倾斜巷道The angle at which the seam or ore body is going into the gr

37、ound.delay blast di'lei blæst 迟发爆破density 'densti 密度 depth dep 层厚detonating cord 'detneiti k:d 导爆索Detonators 'detneits 雷管Development Drive di'velpmnt draiv开拓巷道development heading di'velpmnt'hedi 掘进巷道DFP设定的起爆点Defined firing pointdiamond drill 'daimnd dril岩芯钻Diamon

38、d Drill Hole 'daimnd dril hul岩芯孔 : Means a hole drilled by a diamond drill rig for the purpose of providing core samples for geological, geotechnical and assaying information. Usually the most accurate drilling method for providing samples, however, is also the most expensive.Digging radius 挖掘半径

39、dilution dai'lju:n贫化: an estimate of the amount of waste or low-grade mineralized rock which will be mined with the ore as part of normal mining practices in extracting an orebody.Dimensional stone dmennl stun 石材，石料型材diorite dairait 闪长岩: an intrusive rock of magnatic origin.Dip dip 倾角T

40、he dip is the angle at which an ore deposit is inclined from the horizontal.Discharge conveyorkn'veis卸料输送机,排土机Dog-watch d- w:t 夜班巡查- Night shift; from about 11.00 p.m. to about 7.00 a.m. depending on individual minesDolly 'dli 充填长度- A length of prepared clay/sand stemming (in shotfiring). Do

41、sing 'dusi 剂量Dragline 'drælain 吊斗铲drainage 'dreinid 排水Drawpoint 'dr:pint 放矿口A drawpoint is a place where ore can be loaded and removed. A drawpoint is located beneath the stoping area, and gravity flow is used to transfer the ore to the loading place.Drift drift -溜洞 A drift is a

42、 horizontal or nearly horizontal underground opening. Drift is an inclined access from the surface to the coal seam or from coal seam to another coal seam. It often contains a conveyor belt or man-riding train. Drill bit dril bit钻头Drive draiv - 巷道A heading, drift, advancing place or face.Drivehead &

43、#39;draivhed -驱动头 The driving mechanism of motor, gearbox and drive drum which is responsible for the movement of the conveyor belt. Due Diligence dju: 'dilidns 应有的审慎, 严格评估，基本正确dumpers 'dmp 转存区Dumping radius 卸载半径Dyke daik -岩墙An intrusive body, normally igneous rock, which has disrupted the c

44、oal seam by cutting vertically through it. Usually it has a cindered band of coal each side of the rock. electric shovel i'lektrik 'vl电铲electrowinning i,lektru'wini: 电解制取recovery of a metal from an ore by means of electro-chemical processes.Emergency Response i'm:dnsi ri'spns紧急响应

45、Emulsions i'mlns 乳化炸药Equipment Store i'kwipmnt st: 设备库Excavation ,eksk'vein挖掘Exploration ,ekspl:'rein 勘探 determination of size & value of a depositExplosive ik'splusiv 炸药Explosives Storage bay ik'splusivz 'strid bei 炸药仓Extraction ik'strækn

46、 Sequences 'si:kwnsiz 开采顺序Face feis -巷道正面The inbye end of the mine roadway, usually the working place for coal extraction. Fan fæn -风扇1.Auxiliary- Used in conjunction with air ducting to direct a portion of the main ventilating current to the working face. 3.Main- The "main" fan i

47、s located on the surface but other fans may be located within the workingsfault f:lt 断层feasibility study ,fi:z'blt 'stdi 可行性研究 Finger raise 'fi reiz 放矿溜井A finger raise is used for transferring ore. The usual arrangement is a system of several raises that branch together to the same

48、delivery point.fire damp explosion 'fai dæmp ik'splun瓦斯爆炸Fire Depot 'fai 'depu -起爆点 A collection of fire-fighting equipment found at boot ends and at least every 400 m along conveyors, also at other critical points in the mine. They are required by law.First Aid Centre f:st

49、 eid 'sent 急救中心fissure 'fi裂缝flat-bedded or gently inclined deposit flæt 'bedid 'dentli in'klaind di'pzit 近水平及缓倾斜矿床Flit flit - 设备入换To drive mining equipment such as coal cutters, loaders, continuous miners from one point to another.Floater 'flut 替换员- Employee who fill

50、s the place of an absentee. Also termed a scout miner.flooding 'fldi 水灾,漫灌fluor 'flu: 萤石flotation 'flu'tein: 浮选a milling process by which some mineral particles are induced to become attached to bubbles of froth and float, and others to sink, so that the valuable minerals are co

51、ncentrated and separated from the gangue.Fold fuld 褶曲构造: a curve or bend of a planar structure such as a rock bed or a fault plane. The result of deformation processes in the earth's crust.Footwall 'futw:l 底板The footwall is the wall or rock under the ore deposit (compare dip)Force Majeure f:

52、s mæ': 不可抗力Front end loaders frnt end 'luds前装机gallery 'ælri 平峒,平巷gangue æ  脉石,矿石,矸石 valueless rock or mineral material in ore.geologic structure ,diu'ldik 'strkt 地质构造Geology Control di'ldi kn'trul 地质师控制:Mining control and mark-ups to be provided by Geo

53、logist.Geostatistics ,di:u'stætistics地质统计学geotechnical property di:u'teknikl 'prpti 岩土力学性质geotechnics di:u'tekniks矿压技术，土工学 geomechanics ,di:umi'kæniks 岩石力学 glacier 'læsj 冰川Goaf uf采空区-The area abandoned and left to collapse after the extraction of coal. Gob b -

54、Same as goaf.gold nugget uld 'nit  块金gold reef uld  ri:f金矿矿脉Grade Control reid kn'trul品位控制Is the in situ tonnage and grade planned for mining as defined by the grade control process (drilling data, face sampling etc.) is the stope design plus development. Unplanned dilution sh

55、ould not be included.grader 'reid 平路机grain grade rein reid 粒度 granite'rænit花岗岩 grano diorite 'rænu dairait: 花岗闪长岩a plutonic rock consisting of quartz, calcic oligoclase or andesine and orthoclase with biotite, hornblende or pyroxene as mafic constituents.Graphite'ræfai

56、t 石墨gravel 'rævl 砾石gravity concentration 'ræviti ,knsn'trein : 重选a metallurgical process that separates metals from gangue using the specific gravity differential between the metal and the gangue.Gravity separation 'ræviti ,sep'rein 重选 grinding'raindi

57、 磨碎Grizzly 'rizli 格筛A grizzly is an arrangement that prevents oversize rock from entering an ore transfer system. A grizzly usually consists of a steel grating for coarse screening or scalping.gross thickness rus 'iknis累计厚度groundwater 'graund,w:t 地下水 Gunite 'nait -喷浆A cement applied

58、by spraying to the roof and sides of a mine passage. Gutter 't -排水沟，淤沟The lowest and usually richest portion of an alluvial placer.gypsum 'dipsm  石膏gyratory crusher 'dairtri 'kr回转破碎机Hade heid -断层倾角The acute angle between the horizontal and the fault line.hanging 'hæ

59、;i wall w:l: 顶板 the mass of rock above a geological structure (orebody, fault, etc.).haul road h:l rud 运输道路haul truck h:l trk 运输卡车Headframe'hedfreim井架Heading 'hedi - 巷道掘进区Roadways forming the openings in the direction of development of the panel. Heading direction parallel to cleavage directionhoisting and transportat