宾语从句讲解,练习及问题详解

1、实用标准文案宾语从句一、基本讲解1 .概念：在句中担当宾语的从句叫宾语从句，宾语从句可作谓语动词的宾语，也可做介词的宾语。eg.Hesaidhewasgoodatdrawing.(动词宾语)HeaskshimhowlongMikehasbeendown.(动词宾语)MissZhangisangryatwhatyousaid.(介词宾语)2 .连接词(1)陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that,口语中常常省略。eg.Shetoldme(that)shewouldliketogowithus.(2)以whether或if引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句同

2、样是陈述语序eg.Iwonderif/whetheruhavetoldthenewtoLiLei.注意：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。a.当从句做介词的宾语时只用whether不用ifeg.Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepinic.b.引导词与动词不定式或not连用时，只用whether.eg.Pleaseletmeknowwhattodonext.Couldyoutellmewhethertogoornot?c.if当"如果"讲时，引导的是条件状语从句，这时不能用whether.(3) .特殊疑

3、问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词；引导词后要用陈述句语序。E.g.Couldyoutellmewhat'sthematterwrongwithyou?特殊情况：当doyouthink后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结高应力引导词+doyouthink+陈述句语序。3 .宾语从句时态a.当主句是一般现在时，一般将来时或祈使句时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的需要选用相应的时态。例如：Doyouknow(if/whetherhehasseenthefilm)?b.当主句是一般过去时，从句要用过去时的相应时态。例如：Ididn'tknow(if/whetherhehads

4、eenthefilm.)注意：当主句是一般过去时，而从句表示的是客观真理，自然现象，文档大全实用标准文案科学原理，格言等，从句仍然要用一般现在时。例如:Hesaid(thattheearthmovesroundthesun.)Theteachertoldus(thatlighttravelsmuchfasterthansound.4 .人称的变化和标点的使用a.从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。如：（一主二宾三不变）“MayIuseyourknife?”Heaskedme.fHeaskedmeifhemigh

5、tusemyknife.“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber?”Heaskedme.fHeaskedmeifIknowhertelephonenumber.b.宾语从句的标点均由主句决定。主句是陈述句，用句号；主句是疑问句，用问号。如：Whowillgiveusatalk?Idon'tknow.Tdon'tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.Doyouknow?Wheredoeshelive?fDoyouknowwherehelives?二、宾语从句的转化1 .当主句谓语动词是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等，

6、且主句主语与从句主语相同时，从句可简化为不定式结构。如:Sheagreedthatshecouldhelpmewithmymaths.一Sheagreedtohelpmewithmymaths.2 .当主句的谓语动词是know,learn,forget,remember,decide等后面带特殊疑问句转化的宾语时，主从句的主语也须一致这时从句可以简化成“疑问词+不定式结构”。例如：Tdon'tknowwhichIdon'tknowwhichsweaterIshouldbuy.sweatertobuy.3 .当主句的谓语动词是ask,tell,show,teach等后面带双宾语时

7、，从句的主语和间接宾语一致，且从句是由特殊疑问句转化来时，从句可以转化成“疑问词+不定式结构”，或者在连接代词/副词引导的宾语从句中，当从句主语与主句主语或间接宾语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“连接代词/副词+不定式”结构。如：fCouldyoutellmehowtogettothepark?文档大全实用标准文案4 .当主句谓语动词是find,see,watch,hear等感官动词时，从句常简化为“宾语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带to的不定式或V-ing形式。如：Shefoundthatthewalletlay/waslyingontheground.fShefoundthewalletlie/lyi

8、ngontheground.宾语从句小口诀:宾语从句三注意,时态语序引导词;主句一般现在时，从何不需受限制;主句一般过去时，从何须用相应时;that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。初中宾语从句专项习题巩固练习()1.HaveyoudecidedforAustralia?A. whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleaveC.youwillleavewhenD.whenyouwillleave()2.Canyoutellme?A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlivedC.TomliveswhereD.whereTom

9、lives()3.Theoldmanaskedme.A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinemaC.wherethecinemawasD.wherewasthewaytothecinema()4.Ithinkyouwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.how()5.Ididn'tknowhewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC.weatherD.how()6.Iwonder.A.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescostC.howmuchtheseshoescos

10、tD.howmucharetheseshoescost()7.Sheaskedme.A.whohewasB.whowasheC.whoisheD.whoheis()8.Askhim.A.whosecupthisisB.whosecupisthisC.thisiswhosecupD.whoseisthiscup()9.Idon'tknow.文档大全实用标准文案A.whattimethemoviestartsB.whattimestartsthemovieC.thetimetostartthemovieD.themoviewhattimestarts()10.Thedoctoraskedm

11、ehowlong.A.wasI川B.haveIbeenillC.IhavebeenillD.Ihadbeenill()11.Theweatherforecastdoesn'tsay.A.ifitrainstomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrowC.ifitwillraintomorrowD.ifwillitraintomorrow()12.Doyouknow?A.whosepenisthisB.whosepenthisisC.whomdoesthepenbelongtoD.whomthepenbelongto()13.Couldyoutellmewhere?A.th

12、etapewasB.wasthetapeC.thetapeisD.isthetape()14.Theywanttoknow?A.whereisthehospitalB.howoldareyouC.whenthetrainwillleaveD.whyistheboycrying()15.Tonywantedtoknow.A.whathadFatherChristmasputinhisstockingB. whenFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingC. whatFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingD. whereFatherChri

13、stmashadputinhisstocking()16.Nooneknowstheprofessorwillcometoourschooltomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.A.whenB.whetherC.whereD.if()17.Julydidn'tknow.A.whereisTim'sfatherB.whenwasthefirstwatchmadeC.whotheoldmanisD.whatwaswrongwithherwatch()18.Noonetoldus,soweneedyourhelp.A.howshouldwedoB.whatweshou

14、lddoC.whattodoD.whatshouldwedo()19.Wedon'tknowwiththerubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.A. howdoitB.howtodoC.whatdoitD.whattodo()20.Heaskedme.A.whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoney文档大全实用标准文案B. whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyC. whetherthesenderofthemoneyfoundoutD. whetherIfoundoutthesenderofth

15、emoney)21.Didyouhear?A.whatdidIsayB.whatIsaidC.IsaidwhatD.whatIsay()22.Canyoutellme?A.whichclassyouareinB.whichclassareyouinE. youareinwhichclassD.areyouinwhichclass()23.-Excuseme.Couldyoutellme?-Certainly.A.whencanIgettothestationB.IcangettowhichstationF. whichstationcanIgettoD.howIcangettothestati

16、on()24.Couldyoutellmewhereyesterday?A.didyougoB.yougoC.youhavegoneD.youwent()25.Tomaskedme.A.whoseshirtwasthisB.whoseshirtthiswasC.whoshirtwasthisD.whoshirtthiswasC.what'sshedoing()27.IwanttoseeMrs.WangA.sheliveswhereC.whereshelives()28.-GoandaskMr.A.wheredoesheliveC.whereisheliving()29.-Canyout

17、ellA.wherehelivesC.whenhewillleave()30.Haveyoudecided()26.Excuseme,couldyoutellme?where'sthebusstationA.where'stheteachers'officeB.G. wherethepostofficeis,butIdon'tknow.B.shewherelivesD.wheredoessheliveWhiteforhelp.-ButIdon'tknowB.wherehelivesD.helivesthereme?-Yes,helivesinasmall

18、town.B. whoissingingD.whathesaidforLondon?A.whenwillyouleaveB.whenyouwillleaveC. whenareyougoingD.whenyouaregoing()31.Excuseme.Couldyoutellmeourtickets?A.wheredoweshowB.whereshallweshowC.wheredidweshowD.whereweshallshow()32.-Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood?-Weareallinterestedin.文档大全实用标准文案A.ho

19、weggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.HoweggfriesD.howdoeseggfry()33.Doyouknow?A.whatitisB.whatisitC.whoisheD.whosenameisit()34.Doyouknow?A.whosebookisthisC.thisbookiswhose()35.Idon'tknowA.whereismycatC.wheremycatis()36.Doesheknow?A.whatsyournameC.whatyourisname()37.Doyouknow?A. whichfloorhelivesC.helives

20、onwhichfloor()38.Tellmewhere?B. whosebookthisisD.who'sbookthisis_now.B.mycatiswhereD.wheremycatB.whatnameisyourD.whatyournameisB.whichfloorhelivesonD.whichfloordoeshelivesonA.isthehospitalB.thehospitalisC.ishospitalD.hospitalis()39.Hehasn'tdecided.A.ifhe'llgoonatriptoWuxiB.whenwillhegoon

21、atriptoWuxiC.ifhegoesonatriptoWuxiD.whendoeshegoonatriptoWuxi()40.Canyousee?A.whathesreadingB.whatishereadingC.whatdoeshereadD.hereadswhat宾语从句巩固练习参考答案1 .参考答案D你决定什么时候去澳大利亚了吗？宾语从句用陈述语序2 .参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序，where作从何的宾语。3 .参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序，where表示地点。4 .参考答案Aif表示选择，我想你是否将喜欢他。5 .参考答案B有ornot,所以用whether.6 .参考答案C宾

22、语从句用陈述语序.文档大全实用标准文案7 .参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序,who作从何的宾语。8 .参考答案Awhose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从何的宾语。9 .参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序。10 .参考答案D主句是过去时，从何也要用过去相应的时态，医生问我之前我已经病了，所以用过去完成时态。11 .参考答案Cif连接宾语从句，宾语从句用陈述语序。12 .参考答案Bwhose是所有格，所以后面要有一个名词，整体做从何的宾语。13 .参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序。14 .参考答案C宾语从句用陈述语序，时态不受限制。15 .参考答案C主句用一般过去时，从何要用过去相应的时态，因为圣诞

23、老人是之前就把礼物放进袜子里了，所以用过去完成时态。16 .参考答案B有ornot就用whether.17 .参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序,主句用一般过去时，从何要用过去相应的时态。18 .参考答案B没有人告诉我们应该做什么，所以我们需要你的帮助。宾语从句用陈述语序，如果选B就是没有人做什么，us后面是宾语从句，而us是宾格不能作从句的主语，所以C选项缺少宾语从句的主语，应选B.19 .参考答案D我们不知道用垃圾做什么并且垃圾污染陆地和海洋。What做todo的宾语。20 .参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序，他问我是否我能找出寄钱的人，主句用过去时态，从何用过去相应的时态。21 .参考答案B宾语从句用陈述语序，what作从何的宾语。22 .参考答案A宾语从句用陈述语序，哪一个班，所以用whichclass.23 .参考答案D你能告诉我怎样可以去车站，当然可以。宾语从句用陈述语序，怎样用how.24 .参考答案D宾语从句用陈述语序。25 .参考答案B宾语从句用陈述语序，谁的衬衫用表