中考英语名词复习教案知识讲解

1、学习资料中考英语名词专题复习教案一、教学目标1、名词的应用及各个环节变化。2、掌握名词在试卷中的重要性。二、考查重点1. 可数名词与不可数名词2. 名词的单数与复数名词所有格3. 名词用法以及词义辨析三、两课时四、教学过程名词是表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称的词。普通名词可数名词个体名词：Chair，book集体名词：people，family不可数名词抽象名词：rain，抽象名词：love，ice, sunshine kno wledge精品文档专有名词：1. 表示人名 女口： JimKateLi LeiMiss Gao2. 表示地名：如：ChinaUSA England Beijing

2、3. 表示星期、月份等时间概念的名称，如：Sun dayMon day Tuesday January February4. 表示中外节日：国际性节日：New YearMay DayChildren s Day中国节日：Women s DaySpring FestivalMid-autu mn DayNatio nal Day西方节日:Christmas DayEaster（复活节）Father sDayMother s Day SaintValen tinesD情人节）5.机构或一些社会团体的名称，它们往往缩写，如:CCTV UN WTO PLA PRC UFO BBC SOS UN ITN

3、BA IQ EQ PE RMB VIPporridge, tofu,1 .drink- coffee, milk,tea 2. food- rice,bread,meat3. sugar,salt,pepper,butter4. weather-rain,snow,ice,clo ud,wind 5. cotton,silk,wool,mental,paper,wood,glass, plastic名词单数的表达一般可用a, an, one来修饰 注：a用于辅音音素开头的单词前，an用于元 音音素开头的单词前 *a book , * an English book , * an hour。名词

4、的复数形式1. 规则变化(1) 一般在复数名词后加“ s ” /s/or/z/* dog -dogs* book -books(2) 以s、x、ch、sh结尾的名词加 “ es /iz*box -boxes*watch -watches以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es ” /iz/* country -co un tries* factory -factories请区别：如果是元音字母加y结尾的名词则只须加 “s”* boy -boys holiday-holidays* mon key -mon keys 以f、fe结尾的名词，变f、fe为v再加“ es ” /vz/* half -

5、halves * shelf -shelves* knife -knives * leaf -leaves特殊:belief-beliefs特殊:roof-roofs(5)以o结尾的名词，一般情况加 s读作/z/.potato , tomato , hero除外* piano - pianos* zoo -zoosradio-radiosbamboo-bamboos2不规则变化(1) 单复数同形Chinese Chinesefish -fishJapanese -Japanesesheep -sheep(2) 变元音字母 oo为eetooth -teethfoot -feet(3) .变 ma

6、n 为 menman me nwoma n wome npoliceman -policemenFren chma n - Fren chme n请区别：German(德国人)-Germans(中日”不变“英法”变，其余s加后面)(4) .常以复数形式出现的名词people clothes shoestrousersglasses这些名词作主语时，注意它们的谓语用复数* My clothes are n ewer tha n yours.3. 可数名词可以被a, an, one, two 以及 how many , many , a few , few, any , lots of, a lo

7、t ofsome等修饰*There are a few people in the park.*How many knives are there in your pen cil-box?I.Severalare talking under the tree. And they are talking aboutA . woman; childrenB. woman; childC. women; children2. There are three in my family.A. people B. pers onC. child3. Somecame to our school for a

8、 visit that day.A. Germa nsB. Germe nC. Germa nyD. Germa nies4. I n the picture there are manyand two.A. sheeps; knifesB. sheeps; knifeC. sheep; kni vesD. sheep; knife5. There are fourand twoin the group.A. Japanese, GermenB. Japaneses GermenC. Japa nese, Germa nD. Japa nese, Germa ns不可数名词物质名词和抽象名词属

9、于不可数名词如：water , rice , fish , meat等。workchalk time space musicmoneywood1.单个的不可数名词作主语时谓语动词用单数*Some bread is over there .weather homeworkin formatio nn ewsmedi cine*No n ews is good n ews.2. 不可数名词不能直接被a, an, one, two 等修饰，常用 how much, much, a little, little, a lot of,lots of, some, any ， plenty of 等修饰*

10、They had much mon ey.*He does little housework at home.* a rice （X）巩固练习：（1） 一茶杯茶（3）两公斤肉（5）半公斤鸡肉two bread （X）（2） 一块冰（4）五瓶橘汁 （6）许多瓶牛奶4. 有些可数名词或不可数名词在一定情况下可相互转化，同一个词，但意思不同glass（玻璃）-a glass（玻璃杯） work（工作）-a work（著作） time（时间）-times（次数1. Please give mepaper.C. a pieceD. a pece ofA. oneB. a pieces2. This ta

11、ble is made ofA. many glass B. some glasses C. glasses D. glass3. What can I do for you, sir?B.bottles of milks | D.bottle of mi ks money andId like twoA.bottle of milkC.bottles of milk4. We can do the work better withpeople.A. less, fewerB. fewer, lessC. little, littleD. few, few等集体名词做主语时，如果看1. 当 p

12、eople, class, family, team, group, public, police成一个整体，动词就用单数；看成一个个具体成员时，就用复数。2. e.g The class are wait ing for her.3. Tom s familyrather big. Tom s familyfilm fans.4. news, maths, politics 表示单数意义，动词用单数。e.g The n ews makes her very happy.Mathsnot easy for him.名词所有格表示名词间的所有关系“的”一.名词所有格的构成方法1. 一般情况下，在

13、有生命的名词后加“s”Kangkang s father Lucy s book2. 以s结尾的复数名词，则在s后加“”即可Teachers office The Greens house3. 不以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，仍按惯例加“s”* Children s Day * men s shoes4. 无生命名词的所有关系用of *a picture of the classroom加名词，构成所属关系的短语*the color of the wall双重所有格1. June 1st isDay. All the Childre n enjoy it very much.A. Childre

14、 nB. Childre nsC. Children sD. Child2. The two bedroom are the.A. twinsB. twin C .twins D. twin s5. 如果事物为 2人或2人以上共同所有， 在最后一个名词后加-s;6. 如果事物不是2人或2人共同所有，而是分别有的，则在2个名词后都加-s6. Lucy issister.A. Mary and JackB. Mary s and Jack sC. Mary and JacksD. Mary and Jack s7. 有些表示时间、距离、国家、城市、团体的等无生命的东西，也可以加- s构成所有格?重

15、难点突破8. It sfrom our school to my home.A. ten minutes walk ten minute s walkC. ten mi nutewalk D. ten mi nu tes walk1 广东的省会 the capital of Guangdong2 教室的门 the doors of the classroom3我父亲的一个朋友a friend of my father s4他的两个兄弟 two brothers of his5爱迪生的一些发明some inven ti ons of Edis on6他弟弟的一张照片（照片属于他弟弟）a pict

16、ure of his brother s7他弟弟的一张照片 （照片里的人是他弟弟 ）a picture of his brother名词的用法1修饰另一名词时，一般用单数* There are three banana trees over there.2. man woman用做定语时，应与后面的名词保持数的一致*We n eed a man teacher.*They are all wome n workers.3. sports,clothes做定语时，仍用复数形式*a sports starA. wome nB. manC.woma nD. men名词所有格的几个注意点可用名词所有格

17、表示地点，地点名词习惯上省略* my aunt s （ home （我姑姑家） go to the teachers （ office）（去老师办公室）1 . Could you please get me some? I m hungry.A. appleB. waterC. breadD. egg2. Somethi ng is wrong with my. I canthing aeeuandyme.A. nose B. earsC. eyesD. mouth3. Mr. White has a beautiful garde n with manyin it.A. flowers B.

18、 grassC. villagesD.water4. - How far is your cousin s home from here?-It s about twodrive.A. hour s B. hoursC. hours D. hour5. Yao Mi ng did a good job in the basketball match yesterday. He is my favoriteA. workerB. teacherC. dancerD. playera clothes shop小组讨论以下练习的答案并说明其原因1. Our hospital n eeds twodoctors