牛津上海版高一上英语U2词汇句型精讲－教案

1、李洁意牛津高一上U2词汇句型精讲阅读拓展精讲U2 重点词汇精讲1. suit (v) 适合，主要指口味颜色、款式的相配词组：suit sth to sb/sth 使某物适合某人/物 suit sb fine 非常适合某人例句：The director tried to suit the play to the audience. 导演尽力使话剧迎合观众的口味。 Bright colors suits me fine. 明亮的颜色很适合我。【拓展】（1） suitable (adj) 合适的词组：be suitable to do 适合做某事 be suitable for sth 适合某事例句

2、：Is she suitable to do the job? 她适合做这份工作吗？Is she suitable for the job? 她适合这份工作吗？（2） 比较：fit (v) 合适，主要指大小尺寸或形状的吻合词组：fit on 试穿 fit in with 跟相适应例句：Could you fit on that shoes? 你能试穿一下那双鞋吗？ Production of the goods should fit in with the needs of the society. 商品生产必须与社会需要相适应(adj) 适合的词组：be fit for 适合某事 be fi

3、t to do 适合做某事 keep fit 保持健康（=keep healthy）例句：She is fit to do the job. 她很适合做这份工作。 She is fit for the job. 她很适合这份工作。 She wants to keep fit. 她想保持健康。（3） 比较：match (v) 匹配，多指两个物体大小，色调，形状等方面很相配，显得很协调例句：My shirt does not match my tie. 我的衬衫和我的领带很不搭。2. guarantee (v) 保证词组：guarantee (sb) sth = guarantee sth (to

4、 sb) 向某人保证某事 guarantee to do sth 保证去做某事 guarantee that 保证例句：Even if you enter a good high school, I cant guarantee you a good university. Even if you enter a good high school, I cant guarantee a good university to you.即使你上了好的高中，我也不能保证你能上好的大学。The governments guarantees to improve peoples living quali

5、ty.政府保证提高人们的生活质量。I guarantee that you will make progress if you study hard.我向你保证如果你努力学习，就会取得进步。（n） 保证，保修期词组：under guarantee 在保修期内例句：Is your TV under guarantee? 你的电视在保修期内吗？3. expert （n）专家，能手词组：an expert in/at/on (doing) sth 擅长做某事的专家例句：My teacher is an expert at/in/on cooking. 我的老师是烹饪的专家。(a) 熟练的词组：be

6、expert in/at/on (doing) sth 擅长做某事例句：Mary is expert in/at/on drawing. Mary很擅长画画。4. curl (v) 使卷曲词组：curl up 卷起例句：The letter began to curl up. 这封信开始卷起来了。（n）卷曲词组：a curl of sbs lips/mouth例句：Mary said with a curl of her lip. Mary撅着嘴说道。 5. balance (n) 平衡词组：keep /lose the balance between A and B保持/失去A和B的平衡 o

7、n balance 总的来说 in the balance 悬而未决例句：You should keep the balance between work and play. 你应该保持好工作和学习之间的平衡On balance, I think I prefer the old system.总的来说，我更喜欢旧的那套制度。The fate of that boy continues to hang in the balance.那个小男孩的命运仍然悬而未决。(v) 使平衡词组：balance sth against sth 在和之间做出权衡 balance out 相等 balance A

8、 with B 使A和B平衡例句：The courts must balance our liberty against the security of the nation. 法庭必须在我们的自由和安全之间做出权衡。 Sometimes I look after the kids and sometimes John does. It all balances out. 有的时候我照看孩子，有的时候John照看孩子。两个人差不多。 We should balance one side with another. 我们应该使一方与另一方成均势。6. in addition 另外例句：ln ad

9、dition, look after your hair. 另外，照顾你的头发。【拓展】（1）in addition to 除之外例句：In addition to learning English, he has to learn Maths.除了学英语之外，他还要学数学。 In addition to my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips. 除了每周的薪水外，我还能得到很多小费。（2）additional 附加的例句：An additional fee will be charged for heavy luggage. 重的行李要额外收费。7. effe

10、ctive (adj) 有效的词组：take effective measures 采取有效的措施例句：Our government is taking effective measures to stop pollution. 我们的政府正在采取有效的措施来制止污染。【拓展】(1) effect (n) 效果，影响词组：in effect 实际上；生效 side effect 副作用 come into effect 生效，实行have a(n)effect on 对有影响 of no effect 无效 take effect 开始实行，开始生效例句：These laws are in e

11、ffect in China. 这些法律在中国有效。 the side effects of the medicine 这种药的副作用 The law will come into effect in two months. 这个法律将在2个月内生效。Smoking has a bad effect on health. 吸烟对健康产生不好的影响。What he has done is of no effect. 他所做的是没有效的。 Did the medicine take any effect? 这药起效果了吗？(2) efficient (adj) 高效的词组：be efficient

12、 in ones work 工作效率高例句：He is efficient in his work. 他的工作效率很高。(3) affect (v) 影响例句：Smoking affects health. 吸烟影响健康。8. conditioner (n) 护发素例句：Spray the conditioner onto your wet hair. 往你的湿头发上喷一些护发素。【拓展】（1） condition (n) 环境，状况词组：in/ under favourable conditions 在有利的形势下 in good (out of) condition 健康正常/失常 on

13、condition that 只要，如果例句：He was brought up in favourable linguistic conditions. 他是在特别有利的语言环境中长大的。 You can do yoga to keep your body in good condition. 你可以做瑜伽来让你的身体保持健康。 Ill let you go on condition that you never waste money. 只要你不乱花钱，我就让你去。9. normal (adj)正常的例句： It is normal to feel nervous before an ex

14、am. 考试之前觉得紧张是很正常的。【拓展】normalabnormal 正常的不正常的（正常的状态，标准的常态）commonuncommon 常见的不常见的（强调共性，哪里都看得到，满大街都是）ordinaryoutstanding 平常的出众的（强调不出众，普通性）usualunusual 通常的不寻常的（强调通常性，昨天是这样，前天也是这样）regularirregular 规律的，定期的不定期的，不规律的例句：The doctor said that the childs temperature was normal. 医生说孩子的体温是正常的。 Its a common bag, y

15、ou can find it in every store. 这是一个很普通的包，你可以在每一个商店找到。 The novel describes the life of ordinary people. 这本小说描述了普通人的生活。 It is usual to see him crying. 看到他哭很正常。 Brushing your hair regularly will help it grow. 定期梳头可以帮助头发生长。10. apply (v) 申请，应用词组：apply for leave 请假 apply for a job 求职 apply oneself to 专心于

16、applyto 应用例句：If we both apply for leave on the same day, the company might say no. 如果我们两个人在同一天请假的话，公司可能会说不。 He is going to apply for a job. 他将要找工作。 He didnt apply himself to his work. 他没有专心于他的工作。 Scientific discoveries are often applied to industrial process. 科学上的发明通常都应用于工业生产过程。11. damage (v) 损坏 词组：

17、damage ones name 毁坏某人的名声例句：He damaged his name because of cheating. 因为作弊，他毁了自己的名声。（n）毁坏词组：do/cause great damage to 造成很大的伤害例句：Cutting down forests causes great damage to the environment. 砍伐森林对环境造成严重的伤害。12. ensure (v) 保证，担保例句：Great efforts ensure the success of our work. 巨大的努力确保了我们工作的成功。词组：ensure sb s

18、th 使某人一定得到例句：Great efforts ensures we success. 巨大的努力使我们一定会成功。【拓展】（1） make sure 查明，设法确定词组：make sure to do 确保做某事 make sure of sth例句：Make sure to come here on time tomorrow. 确保明天准时到这里。 You must make sure of the time and place. 你必须把时间和地点弄清楚（2） assure (v) 使（某人）相信词组：assure sb of sth 使某人相信某事例句：He assured u

19、s of his ability to solve the problem. 他使我们相信他解决问题的能力。13. attention (n) 注意词组：pay attention to 注意 bring/call/catch/draw/have ones attention 引起某人的注意例句：Pay attention to what you eat. 注意你吃了什么。 You can use orange to catch peoples attention.你可以用橙色吸引人们的注意。14. stress (n) 压力词组：lay/put stress on sth 强调某事例句：He

20、 puts/lays stress on the importance of study.他强调了学习的重要性。【拓展】stressful (a) 有压力的，紧张的15. rob (v) 抢劫词组：rob sb of sth 抢劫某人某物例句：Stress can secretly rob your hair of its shiny beauty. 压力会使你亮丽的头发失去光泽。【拓展】robber (n) 强盗 robbery (n) 抢劫案accuse sb of sth 控告某人犯某事cheat sb of sth 骗取某人某物cure sb of sth 治好某人的病inform s

21、b of sth 通知某人某事remind sb of sth 使某人想起某事rid sb of sth 使某人摆脱某物warn sb of sth 警告某人某事课堂练习一、 选择框中适当内容并以适当形式填空fit guarantee be expert in take effect damage suitablekeep balance on condition make sure stress in addition(1) The rules must be published Friday to _ before Obama is sworn in Jan 20.(2) We can s

22、ay that each member of the group _ some area.(3) No dish _ all tastes.(4) We always want to _ between growth and value.(5) These houses _ in the last years earthquake.(6) I will lend you the book _ that you return it on Monday.(7) I think Ive got one of the _ jobs here and I almost want to quit.(8)

23、Please _ to turn off the lights before you go.(9) This garden has the best collection of native plants. _, it contains numerous trees and flowers from overseas.(10) The boss _ his workers the full salary last year参考答案：(1) take effect (2) is expert in (3)suits (4) keep balance (5) were damaged(6) on

24、condition (7) most stressful (8) make sure (9) In addition (10) guaranteed二、 翻译句子1. 除英语外，他还得学第二外语。（in addition to）2. 新的时刻表什么时候实行?（come into effect）3. 只要他明天能还回来，就可以用这辆自行车。（on condition that,虚拟语气）4. 学生们应该专心学习。（apply oneself to）5. 这些化学药品会对环境造成损害。（cause damage to）6. 这篇文章的目的是让人们关注这些问题。（draw ones attentio

25、n）7. 家长非常重视孩子的表现。（put great stress on）8. 他们夺走了人民的自由。（rob sb of sth）参考答案：1. In addition to English, he has to study a second foreign language.2. When does the new timetable come into effect?3. He can use this bicycle on condition that he should return it tomorrow.4. Students should apply themselves t

26、o their study.5. These chemicals can cause damage to the environment.6. The purpose of the article is to draw peoples attention to the problem.7. Parents put great stress on the childrens performance.8. They robbed people of their liberty.阅读拓展精讲阅读理解细节题做题技巧：第一步：通读全文，把握文章大意 拿到阅读篇章，第一步就是要求通读全文，力争把握文章体裁

27、和脉络，做到能够回答when(故事发生的时间)、where(故事发生的地点)、who(文章的主人公)和what(文章讲述了什么事情)等问题。 第二步：细读题干，查寻转换内容 把握文章大意后，必须把注意力集中到文章题目上来，对于题干内容，必须要提炼出最能够说明问题的词、词组或者句型，然后再在这个基础上从文章中找出同义词、词组或者句型，这一遍带着目的读文章必须是字斟句酌、非常仔细。 第三步：扫读语块，搜索有效信息 刚才我们已经在文章中找到了与题干吻合的单词、词组或者句型，在这个吻合单词、词组或者句型周围扫描，力争找到能够说明问题，帮助选择正确答案的信息。 第四步：查读题项，定位正确答案 The G

28、lobal Drink Tea, the global drink, is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water. Originating in China, tea has long established itself as the national drink of this country, the nation with the biggest population on earth.A century before the birth of Christ, tea was described

29、 in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live longer. Tea is still being regarded as such. Scientific studies have suggested that drinking five cups of tea a day can be compared to having two servings of vegetables. Both green and black teas are claimed to be effective for preventing cancer

30、, heart disease and many other deadly diseases. There is only one point people need to be aware of when they drink tea it should not be drunk along with meals. This is because an element contained in tea can interfere with the body's absorption of iron.Tea, a popular drink in China and many othe

31、r countries, is carefully prepared according to local customs. The Chinese put loose tea in teapot, add boiling water, and serve it in teacups. The strong tea from China's Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cups before dinner. Lighter teas with jasmine, rose or other flowers, are special to China&

32、#39;s Changjiang River regions. These are usually served after dinner to help digestion.In England people use teabags and mugs. Many English people, traveling away from home, feel at a loss if their favourite teabags are not available. Afternoon tea in England is still a time-honoured tradition. It&

33、#39;s a good opportunity for people to socialize or discuss business matters, though now more young people prefer acola.In Japan, a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea. The ceremony, usually held in a teahouse, dates back to the sixteenth century. Guests follow strict rules set

34、up then and the tea used is a powdered green tea. Though still practised today, the tea ceremony may not be as popular as it used to be. Young Japanese tend to favour other drinks.I. Comprehension Questions1.Tea is considered a global drink because.A.it tastes much better than boiled waterB.it is lo

35、ng established in ancient China before Jesus Christ was bornC.it is preferred not only in China but also in many other countriesD. it ranks first in terms of the number of drinkers other than water2.Why is tea called a health drink?A.Because it contains as much vitamin C as green vegetables.B.Becaus

36、e it can cure many diseases like caner, heart problem, etc.C.Because its nutritional value can be compared to that of vegetables.D.Because a person doesn't have to have any vegetables if he drinks five cups of tea a day.3.Which of the following is TRUE?A.The custom of serving tea varies with eac

37、h culture.B.Japanese today still enjoy the traditional tea ceremony very much.C.Lighter teas are often served with meals to help digestion.D.Stronger teas are preferred because it helps to interfere with the body's absorption of iron to stay slim.4.Which of the following best sums up the main id

38、ea of the text?A.Tea the global health drink has a history of over 2019 years.B.Tea the global health drink is a symbol of a nation's culture.C.Tea the global health drink enjoys a great popularity all over the world.D.Tea the global health drink originated in China and has become its national d

39、rink.II. Put the following phrases either in English or Chinese according to the reading passage1. a serving of2. loose tea3. tend to4.a time-honoured tradition_5.powdered green tea6. 干扰7. 茶道8. 设立，建立9. 追溯到10. 把比作. Fill in the blank with the words or phrases in the reading passage1. Tea has long been

40、 regarded as that helps one live longer.2. I amas to how to solve these problems.3. Tea is believed to be indigenous (本土的；专属某地的) to China. Did rice wine also in China?4. Too much fat in one's meal may cause poor, and thus can result in stomachache.5. There are a number of churches in Britain tha

41、t the 13th century.6. Too much pressure from the teacher canchildren's performance at school.IV. Translation1杰克声称他发现了一种新的化学元素，但没人相信他。(claim)2月饼被视为中国人的传统食品，它随着移民来到了悉尼唐人街。( be regarded as)3他们常常会去买一些很便宜的、经加工的食物，如罐头鸡肉和水果。(tend to)4. 我们希望在不久的将来，人人都能享受到免费医疗服务。( available)5. 早上我喜欢喝一杯浓清咖，这是一个保持精力旺盛的有效方法

42、。( effective)6. 经过几十年的科学实验和研究，这个科学家最终创立了一个新的理论，并因此在科学界确立了地位。( set up，establish)KeysI. Comprehension Questions1-4 DCAB. Put the following phrases either in English or Chinese according to the reading passage1. (供一人享用的)一份，一客 2. 散装茶叶 3. 往往 4. 一个由来已久的传统 5. 粉末状的绿茶 6. interfere with 7.a tea ceremony 8. se

43、t up 9. date back to 10. be compared to. Fill in the blank with the words or phrases in the reading passage1. a health drink 2. at a loss 3. originate 4. digestion 5. date back to 6. interfere withIV. Translation1. Jack claimed to have discovered a new chemical element, but no one believed him.2. Th

44、e moon cake, which is regarded as traditional Chinese food, came to the Chinatown in Sydney with the Chinese immigrants.3. They tend to buy very cheap processed foods like canned chicken and fruits.4. We wish that free medical service would be available to everyone in the near future.5. I like a cup

45、 of strong black coffee in the morning. It's an effective way to keep vigorous.6. After scores of years of scientific experiments and research, the scientist finally set up a new theory and therefore established himself in the world of science.回家作业一、 词汇自默（20min）hairstyle suit guarantee on top of

46、 the world expert curlangle balanced in addition shampoo effective conditionernormal apply wet squeeze squeeze out combdamage loosen dirt hairdryer overuse baldensure pay attention to protein adequate dairy product stressrob of remedy rinse regularly rub发型；发式 适合 保证 高兴到极点；心满意足 专家 卷发棱角 均衡的 此外；另外 洗发剂 有

47、效的 护发素正常的 使用 把某物弄湿 挤 挤出 梳子损害 使变松 灰尘 吹风机 过度使用 秃顶的保证 注意；关注 蛋白质 足够的 乳制品 精神压力；紧张夺去 治疗方法 冲洗掉；漂净 经常 搓某物二、阅读训练Cloze (10min)There are many types of reports. A report is simply 1 of something that has happened. The commonest are 2 We get them in newspapers, over radio and 3 television. Sometimes cinemas also

48、 show us newsreels(新闻片).The main purpose of a newspaper 4 provide news. If you 5 a newspaper closely, you will find that there are all types of news: accidents, floods, fires, wars, sports, books, etc. The news 6 everything that happens to people and their surroundings. Sometimes there are news item

49、s which are very 7 The big 8 bold words above the news items are called headlines. Their purpose is to 9 attention so that people will buy the newspaper because they want to read 10 of the news.A news report is usually very short, 11 when it is about something very important, but it 12 a lot of info

50、rmation. It is also written in short paragraphs. The first paragraph is in 13 a summary of the news item. It gives all the necessary information: what, when, where, how, why. The other paragraphs give 14 of the subject. There may also be interviews 15 people. The words actually spoken by them are wi

51、thin inverted commas.Often there are photographs to go with the news to make it more interesting.( ) 1. A. a countB. an accountC. an accidentD. an incident( ) 2. A. news reports B. new reportsC. news reportD. new report( ) 3. A. overB. byC. onD. through( ) 4. A. is toB. isC. is to haveD. is to be( )

52、 5. A. examineB. watchC. lookD. see( ) 6. A. concludesB. coversC. concludeD. cover( ) 7. A. amuseB. amusedC. amusingD. to amuse( ) 8. A. orB. as wellC. bothD. also() 9. A. giveB. attainC. payD. attract( )10. A. the restB. restC. otherD. the other()11. A. besidesB. apart fromC. exceptD. except for( )

53、12.A.composesB.concludesC.confirmsD.contains( )13.A.detailsB.replyC.allD.fact( )14.A.fully detailsB.full detailsC.details fullyD.details full( )15.A.withB.betweenC.toD.amongKeys1-5 BACAA 6-10 BCADA 11-15 CDDBAReading (20min)(A)Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people. Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are over concerned with their own appearance and actions. Worrisome thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: what kind of impression am I making? Do the