中考形容词和副词知识点汇总

1、中考形容词和副词知识点中考对形容词的考查涉及形容词原级、比较级和最高级的各种句型，形容词作定语的位置,易混淆的 形容词用法辨析等；对副词的考查涉及常见副词的用法、副词等级的各种句型、易混淆的副词用法辨 析等。侧重考查考生在具体语言环境中运用形容词和副词的能力。知识点一形容词的用法1. 多数形容词既能作定语，乂能作表语。一般情况下，作名词定语的形容词，位于名词之前。作表语的形容词，位于系动词be, taste, smell, sound, look, become, get 等之后。This is an old box.这是一只旧箱子。（定语）This box is old.这箱子是旧的。俵语）

2、Mum cooked delicious food.妈妈煮了可口的饭菜。（定语）2. 有的形容词只能作定语,不能作表语。如little（小的）,only（唯_的）,elder（年长的）,wooden（木制 的）等。（V ）He is a little boy.（X ）The boy is little.3. 有的形容词，在句中只能作表语。这类形容词主要以a-开头，如afraid（害怕的）,alive（活着的）,awake（醒着的）,alone（独自的；单独的）。 （V ）He is alone there. （X ）He is an alone man. （ J ）She looks awak

3、e. （X ）She is an awake kid.注意 除了上面的词之外,类似的形容词还有alike（相似的）,asleep（睡看的）,well（健康的）,ill（生病 的）,soiTy（难过的；后悔的）,worth（值得的）,sure（有把握的；确信的）,glad（高兴的；快乐的）,unable（不能的）等。Cindy likes telling jokes. She never stops talking.She isA serious B. quiet C. shy D outgoing4.形容词可以作宾语补足语。I found it hard to ledm English wel

4、l.我发现学好英语很难。 He wants to make the door open.他想让门开着。知识点二形容词的位置1. 一般情况下，作名词定语的形容词，位于名词之前。He is a new comer.他是一位新来者。These are English books.这些是英语书籍。2. 当多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时，一般应遵循以下顺序：限定词（冠词、指示代词、形容词 性物主代词、名词所有格、数词）+描述+大小、长短、高低等形状+年龄、新旧+颜色+国籍、地区、 出处+材料。a beautiful tall building 一幢漂壳而高大的建筑物an old stone bridge

5、一座古老的石桥a large green Chinese carpet 一块绿色的中国式毯園遍超 概括为7个字：限、描、形、龄、色、国、材3.当形容词修饰 somewhere, anywhere, nowhere 或复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing, someone, anyone, somebody, anybody, nobody, everything 时，须置于被修饰的复合彳、定代词之后。I'd like to live somewhere quiet.我想住在某个安静的地方。Have you seen anybody strange he

6、re? 你在这里见到过陌生人吗？Where would you like to go on vacation?I'd like to goAA. somewhere relaxing B. relaxed somewhere C somewhere relaxed D relaxing somewhere4. 表示长、宽、高、深或年龄的形容词，位于名词之后。It is over six hundred kilometers long.它有六百多公里长。My mother is 45 years old.我妈妈 45 岁了。知识点三副词的分类和用法1. 副词的分类时间副 词today,

7、tomorrow, yesterday, now, then, ago, before, soon, still early, yet, already.地点副 词here, there, home, abroad, over there, upstairs, downstairs, somewhere, anywhere.方式副 词carefully, slowly, quickly, fast, happily, badly, easily, loudly, luckily, successfully, widely.程度副 词very, quite, rather, very much,

8、 too, so, enough.频度副 词always, usually, often, sometimes, never.疑问副 词where, how, when, why.2 副词的构成(1) 本身为副词,如 now, rather, also, there, here, how, when, too, quite 等。(2) 少数词既是副词，也是形容词。这样的词有early, late, high等，只是它们作副词与作形容词时 在句中的位置不同。He comes to school very early every morning他每天到校很早。(early为副词，修饰动词come)

9、Mr Smith always catches the early bus to go to work every morning.史密斯先生每天早上总是乘早班 车上班。(early为形容词，作名词bus的定语)(3) 由"形容词+-ly”构成。quickquicklybeautiful-* beautifullybadbadly exacLexactlybra ve- bravely hnppyhappilyquiet-quietly serious-* seriouslytruef truly general generally注意 少数以"y结尾的词是形容词f而不是副

10、词f如friendly(友好的).deadly(致命的),lively(活泼的),manly(男子气概的)等。3副词的用法修饰动词作状语。He walked quietly into his bedroom.他悄悄地走进 了他的卧室。I以练促记3Sometimes it rainsin Xian in summer.A. heavy B heavily C strong D strongly(2) 修饰形容词作状语。You have a very nice watch.你有一块很漂壳的手表。(3) 修饰另一副词作状语，位于另一副词前。You walked too slowly.你走得太慢了。(

11、4) 作表语，位于系动词之后。How long will she be away?她要离开多久？(5) 作宾语补足语，位于宾语之后。I saw him out我看到他出去了。(6) 作定语，位于名词后。The people here are friendly.这里的人们很友好。 知识点四副词和副词短语的柚置1. 大多数方式副词位于助词后面。如果是及物动词，一般放在宾语后面。She is jumping happily.她正高兴地跳着。The students are listening to the teacher carefully.学生们正在认真地听老师讲课。2. 时间、地点副词或副词短语

12、一般位于句尾。若同时出现，地点在前，时间在后。I practice playing the piano in Mr Green*s home every day.我每天都在格林先生家练习弹钢琴。注意时间副词或副词短语也可以位于句首。I will call you tomorrow. = Tomorrow I will call you.我明天会给你打。3. 频度副词一般多用在实义动词之前，be动词、情态动词、助动词之后。He sometimes goes swimming in the river.他有时去河里游泳。She is never late for class.她上学从不迟到。注意

13、诸如once a week, three times a day这样的频度副词短语一般位于句尾。I exercise once a week.我一周锻炼一次。4.程度副词very, quite, rather, much, too等须放在被修饰的成分之前。 It is very hot today. 今天很热。She sang quite well at the party.她在聚会上唱得相当好。The box is too heavy to carry.这箱子太重了，搬不动 °5enough修饰形容词或副词时，位于被修饰词之后。He is tall enough to join t

14、he basketball team.他的身高够加入篮球队。所以落后于其他人。He didn't run fast enough, so he fell behind others.他因为跑得不够快,I以练促记4The boy isCto take care of himself.A. enough oldB enough youngC old enoughD. young enough知识点五比较菽、最高级的构成 'J J大多数的形容词、副词都有原级、比较级和最高级三种形式。比较级和最高级的构成方式是值得 注意的：1.规则变化直接在词尾加-er, -est(2)以不发音的字母

15、e结尾的，在词尾加mst以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的，把y变i,再加-er, -est原级比较级最高级smallsmallersmallesthighhigherhighestfastfasterfastest原级比较级最高级nicenicernicestlargelargerlargestlatelaterlatest原级比较级最高级easyeasiereasiesthappyhappierhappiestearlyearlierearliest(4)以辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词，双写最后一个辅音字母，再加pr,est原级比较级最高级bigbiggerbiggesthothotterhotte

16、stthinthinnerthinnest部分双音节和多音节词，在其前加more, most原级比较级最高级popularmore popularmost populardeliciousmore deliciousmost deliciousquicklymore quicklymost quickly匕匕李交效oocl .11亡re亡rem tmazy，rnoiremost. ill a vofarf £1ftAitzb 亡：roldold eireld eize Iciestlittle1亡 WW知识点六as.as句型若表示某人或某物在某一方面和另外一个人或物一样，可以使用as

17、as句型。1. as+形容词或副词原级+ as.'和一样”。This joke is as funny as that one.这个笑话和那个一样好笑。He runs as fast as you.他跑得跟你一样快。Listening is just asas speaking in language learning.A. importantB more importantC most importantD the most important2. not as/so+形容词或副词原级+as."不如”。She isn't as/so outgoing as Mary

18、.她的性格不如玛丽外向。He doesn't do his homework as/so carefully as Kate.他做作业不如凯特认真。知识点七常考的含有比较级的句型结构'若表示某一个事物或人在某方面比另一个事物或人更怎样，可以使用以下儿个句型。 1. A+比较级+ than + B “A比B更”。The earth is bigger than the moon.地球 t匕月球更大。 He works harder than us.他比我们工作更努力。No. He got there even ten minutes A. earlier B. earliestI

19、睦涎Was Henry late for the concert yesterday?C. later D. latestAthan us two.2. Which/Who+ 比较级，AorB? “A 和 B 中谁更？ ”。Which is cheaper, the T-shirt or shirt?T 恤和衬衣，哪个更便宜?Who runs faster, Tom or Jerry?汤姆和杰里，谁跑得更快？3. A.+thc+ 比较级+of the two. “ A 是两者中史的”。He is the taller of the two boys.他是这两个男孩中较高的那个。She sing

20、s the better of the two girls她是这两个女孩中卩昌得比较好的那个。4 比较级+and+比较级“越来越When spring comes, the days are getting longer and longer当春天来临时，白天变得越来越长了。 Chongqing is becoming more and more beautiful.正变得越来越美丽。The boy listens to the teacher more and more carefully.这个男孩听老师讲课听得越来越认真了。 5. The+比较级，the+比较级“越，越”。The busi

21、er he is, the happier he feels.他越忙，越觉得高兴。The more you have, the more you want.你拥有的越多,想要的也就越多。以练促记7卜Thefriends you have, the C you will be.A. more; happyB many; happyC more; happier D. many; happier知识点八可修饰比较级的词或血语1.当强调比较的程度时，可以在形容词、副词的比较级前使用much, a little, even, still, a lot等。It is much colder than y

22、esterday.今天比昨天冷得多。My pear is a little bigger than yours.我的梨比你的大一点。Mary did even worse than Lucy.玛丽做得其至比露西更糟。We must make the life still better.我们一定要使生活更加美好。She is a lot cleverer than I am.她比我聪明得多。2 表示倍数的词或度量名词可以作比较级的修饰语。 She is three years younger than him.她比他小三岁。He works three times faster than us.

23、他干活比我们快三倍。注意very, quite常用来修饰原级f而不能用来修饰比较级。修饰比较级可以用much, a lot等。 他比我高很多。(V )He is much taller than me.(X )He is very taller than me. 她跳得比我远。(X )She jumped quite farther than me. July, it s raining so heavily.Yes, but the radio says it will be even A. worseB. badC.I以练促记8(V )She jumped a lot farther th

24、an me.A tomorrow.worst知识点九 使用比较级时的注意事项1注意比较的对象保持前后一致。(1) 比的人口多。(V )The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.(X )The population of Shanghai is larger than Beijing(2) 的天气比的好。(V )The weather in Beijing is nicer than that of Shanghai.(X )The weather in Beijing is nicer than Shanghai.2.

25、避免将主语包含在比较对象中。他比我们班上任何人都来得早。(X)He comes earlier than any student in our class(V )He comes earlier than any o什er student in our class(2)中国比非洲的任何一个国家都大。(X )China is bigger than any other country in Africa(V )China is bigger than any country in Africa注意 在同一围进行比较时,I：跟的双方不能发生重复现象,故在例中使用other以避免重复。但在I以练促记

26、9不同围对人或同一性质的事物进行比较时,则不用other ,如例中，由于中国属于亚洲,而被比较者 却是另一围的国家/因此不用other。What is your favourite sport?Swimming, I think It's C of all.A. easierB mow difficultC the most interesting D the most boring知识点十形容词.副词矗最高级用法形容词.副词的最高级用于三者或三者以上的人或事物之间的比较，表示在一定圉“最 其主要句型有：1. A.+the+最高级+in(of, among)."在某围之 A

27、最"。Shanghai is the largest city in China是中国最大的城市。He is the tallest of the three boys(among the three boys). 他是这三个男孩中最高的oShe jumped(the)highest in the high jumping.她跳高跳得最高°注意 Of, among后跟围，表示围与主语是同类。in后多跟地点,与主语不同类。She is the cleverest of(among) the three girls.她是这三个女孩子中最聪明的。She is the clever

28、est girl in the class她是班上最聪明的女孩。形容词最高级前如果没有形容词性物主代词龙'须加定冠词the，但副词的最高级前可以不用the。2. A.+one of the+最高级+复数名词“A是最的之一”。Jay Chou is one of the most popular singers in Taiwan周杰伦是最受欢迎的歌手之一。 China is one of the largest countries in the world.中国是世界上最大的国家之一。以练促记10We have a lovely room. It*s one ofDin the hot

29、el.A. niceB. nicerC. nicestD. the nicest3the+序数词+最高级+单数名词+ in+BI “在某围是第儿的"o Changjiang River is the first longest river in our country.长江是我国第一长河。 Jimmy is the second tallest boy in our class.杰米是我们班上个子第二高的男孩。4. Which(Who). .(the+)最高级,A, BorC? “A、B 和 C,哪个/谁最? ”。Which is the biggest, the sun, the

30、earth or the moon?太阳、地球、月亮，哪一个最大？ Who runs(the)fastest, Kate, Tom or Mike?谁跑得最快，凯特、汤姆还是迈克？5. A. + the+最高级+ (that)I have ever seen/heard/read. “ A是我所见过的/听过的/读过的最的”。另外，此类句型中的that可以省略。You are the most beautiful girl(that)I have ever seen.你是我所见过的最漂亮的女孩。Harry Potter is the most interesting book(that)I ha

31、ve ever read.哈利波特是我所读过的最有趣的 书。注意 除用ever之夕卜#还可以用neveroHe works the hardest that I have never seen before.我以前从来没有见过像他这样努力工作的人。强化训练5形容词和副词I (2012 )Have you ever read the book Harry Potter?Yes, and I think it's very.1 want to read it againA. boringB. excitingC boredD excited2(2012)This place is not

32、big enough for Lucy*s birthday party.We should find aConeA bigB. smallC. biggerD. smaller3(2012-)Do you like this movie?Yes, it*s theone Fve ever seen.A. betterB. bestC. good D. well4 Is this a photo of your daughter? She looksin the pink dress!A lovelyB. quietlyC politelyD happily5. (2012-)Are you

33、afraid of dogs?Yes, I'mof them.A. surprisedB terrifiedC. embarrassedD. excited6. (2012 )What do you think of the film you saw yesterday?Oh! It's one offilms Fve ever seen.A. interestingB more interestingC. most interestingD. the most interesting7. (2012 )Which do you like, summer or winter?F

34、d prefer winter.A betterB. bestC. goodD well8(2012)The 3D Titanic is a moving film.My parents have seen it twiceA. yetB alreadyC neverD almost9. (2012)Who listens, Tom, Jack or Bill?A. the most carefullyB more carefullyC. the most carefulD. more careful10. (2012凉山)Mike always does his homework asas

35、his sister； they often get good grades in theexams A. goodB. wellC betterII (2012 )1 work hard this term, but Peter works muchA. hard B. harder C. hardest D the hardest12. We arrivedlate that there were no seats left.A. muchB tooC. soD very13. (2012-乌鲁木齐)Listening to themusic always makes meA. relax

36、ed; relaxingB relaxed; relaxedC relaxing; relaxingD relaxing; relaxed14(2012-) will the meeting begin?In five minutes.A. How longC How soonB How oftenD. How fast15 (2012-)does Mrs.Li wash her car?Once a week.A. How longB How oftenC. How farD. How soon16. Mr Smith, I don*t think we can get there on t

37、ime by bike.You mean it'sfor us to take a taxi?A. necessaryB. importantC. possibleD difficult17. (2012)Mrs Brown is nice.Every day she tried to cookfor me during my stay in Canada.A something differentB anything differentC nothing different18. (2012)Fnirners have becomein our hometown in recent

38、years.A. more and more richB richer and richerC more rich and more rich19. (2012一Do you think computers are more expensive than they were five years ago?No, they are.A. cheapB. cheaperC. cheapestD. the cheapest20. (2012-襄阳一Your room is very dirty. You should keep itOK.m sweep it right away.A cleanB.

39、 dryC quietD. warm21 (2012-呼和浩特)To live a green life, we should try to saveenergy and producepollution A. more; lessB less; moreC. more; fewerD. most; least22(2012宿迁There ismilk in the fridge.Please buy some on your way home.All right.A. muchB manyC. littleD few23(2012 )I didn't know you go to s

40、chool by taxi.Oh, Itake a taxi to school, but my bike needs repairingA. alwaysB sometimesC. oftenD seldom24. (2012)Theyou work at your lessons, theresults you will get.A. hard; goodB. harder; goodC. hard; betterD. harder; better25. (2012-Did you go to the cinema to see 3D Titanic last night?No, Igo

41、to the cinema.The tickets are too expensive.A. hardlyB. nearlyC. stillD. only1. 解析：考查形容词。cd结屋的形容词用人作主语或修饰人，ing结尾的形容词用物作主语或修饰物。从句中的主语 是仏 指物，排除C和D。再由“I want to read it again.”可知，这本书是很令人兴奋的，故选B。2. 解析：考査形容词比较级。由"This place is not big enough for Lucy's birthday party."口J知，"我们”应该找个更大些的

42、地方。故选C。3. 解析：考査形容词的最髙级。由“Ke ever seen”可知，此处表示“这是我看过的最好的一部电影“，故选B。4. 解析：考査形容词的用法。句意“这是你女儿的照片吗？她穿粉红色的连衣裙看上去很可爱！ “look是系动词，后 而要跟形容词作表语，不能跟副词，所以A为正确答案。B、C和D都是由形容词加上后缀ly构成的副词。5. 解析:考査形容词在语境中的运用。surprised"吃惊的”:terrified"恐惧的"：embarrassed"尴尬的“:excited"激动的"。 由问句可知答案为B项。6. 解析：考查形

43、容词的最髙级。句意为“它是我看过的最有意思的电影之一"。根据句意可知，应用最高级，形 容词最高级前要加lhe。故选D。7. 解析：考查比较级的用法。结合题干中的“summer or winter“及答语可知要用比较级，故选A.&解析：考查副词的用法。yet用于否泄句中，表示尚未发生但可能发生的事：already经“；newr“从不“；almost"几 乎“。故选B。9.解析：考查副词的最髙级。修饰动词“listen”应用副词carefully,三个人之间比较应用最髙级the most carefullyo故 选Ao10解析：考查good, well的辨析。as.as中间要用形容词或副词的原级，可先排除C