人教版高中英语选修六知识点总结

1、文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载! Unit 1I词汇及结构1. would rather do sth情愿做.would rather sb did sth情愿sb做 情愿做.而不愿意做： would rather do sth than do sth= would do sth rather than do sth= prefer to do sth rather than do sth= prefer doing sth to doing sthI would rather stay at home today. 我今天宁愿待在家里。I would rather you came he

2、re tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。I would rather you hadnt told me about it yesterday.我宁愿你昨天没有告诉我关于它。2.faith n. 信任,信仰 break one's faith with sb. 对某人不守信用 keep faith with 忠于信仰; 守信I kept faith with him.我信守了对他的诺言。He who loses faith, loses all.失去信心的人, 失去所有。have faith in 相信, 信任 in good faith 老实地；诚恳地 faithful adj.

3、忠诚的，可靠的72 / 1013.As there are so many different styles of Western art , it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short textso+adj+a(an)+(单数可数) (+that)so many/few +n (复数) (+ that)so much/little (不可数) (+that)such+adj.+n.(不可数)/ n (复数) eg.1) The book is _interesting that I want to read i

4、t again. 2) It was _a cold day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick. 3) It was _cold a day that the ice in the river was nearly two feet thick. 4) There are _many mistakes in your composition that I cant understand it. 5) He has made _rapid progress that he got the first in the exam.

5、6) _that Maric was able to set up new branches elsewhere.（07陕西）A. So successful her business wasB. So successful was her businessC. So her business was successfulD. So was her successful businessB4.consequently adv. 所以，因此I overslept and _ I was late for work. 我睡过头了,所以我上班迟到了。Mr Foster has never been

6、to China. Consequently, he knows very little about it.福斯特先生从未去过中国, 所以对中国了解得很少。It rained that day and _ the baseball game was called off. A. however B. still C. so D. consequentlyD consequent adj. 作为结果的,随之发生的as a consequence/result = in consequence = soShe was found guilty, and lost her job in conseq

7、uence (of it). 她被判有罪,因而失去了工作consequence n. 结果as a consequence/result of = because of5 .aim 1）n. (C) 目标 without aim 无目的的/ 无目标的achieve ones aimmiss ones aim 打不中目标(U) 对准, 瞄准 take aim atThe hunter took aim at the lionsb/ sths aim is to do 的目标是.What is your aim in life? 你生活的目的是什么?The governors aim is to

8、increase citizens income.2）v. (以枪等) 对准,瞄准 aim attake aim at the target= aim at the target 瞄准靶子The factory must aim at increasing its quality .他用枪瞄准老虎并开火,但没打中He aimed his gun at the tiger, fired but missed it.aimless a. 无目标的，无目的的She led an aimless life.打算,计划, 以为目标, 立志做aim at doing = aim to do 瞄准, 力求做

9、到,力争达到Harry aims at becoming a doctor.or: Harry aims to become a doctor.6.typical adj.典型的；具有代表性的；象征性的(representative)a typical character 典型人物typical example 典型事例He is a typical pupil; he is like most of the other pupils. 他是一个有代表性的学生，他和大多数其他学生一样。adj. evident明白的, 明显的(apparent) n. evidence 证据;证明The app

10、lause made it evident that the play was a hit. 掌声显然表明该剧是成功的。It is evident (obvious) (to sb) that .It's evident that you are tired. 显然你累了。in evidence = evident 明显的7.realistic 现实主义的,逼真的,现实的 in a more realistic way 以一种更逼真的形式realism现实主义idealism realist现实主义 terrorism 恐怖主义 terrorist 恐怖分子 Socialism Soc

11、ialist real adj. 真的 realize v. 实现 8. During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages.hold Ideas/ value 持有的观点/ 价值观I hold the view that the plan cant work. adopt vt. 1).采取;采纳;吸收After much deliberation, the president decided to adopt her suggestion. 再三考虑之后,

12、我决定采纳她的建议。2).过继,收养(+as)Mr. Kern adopted the orphan as his own son. 克恩先生将那孤儿收养为自己的儿子。3).正式通过,接受The agenda was adopted after some discussion.经过讨论,议事日程获得通过。adopted adj. 被收养的，被采用的 adopted child11.possess 用作动词时，不能用于进行时。有多种不同的含义：1）“有，拥有”。如：The library possesses a number of the artists early works. 图书馆里藏有那

13、位画家的一些早期作品。2）“具有的特质”。常见搭配有 be possessed of sth，意为“具有某种品质或特征”。如：Im afraid he doesnt possess a sense of humor. 恐怕他没有什么幽默感。He is possessed of great natural ability. 他很有天赋。3）“支配，控制”。如：He was possessed by the desire to be rich.n. possession 【c】财产，所有物（常用复数）The ring is one of her most valuable possessions.

14、 这只戒指是他最珍贵的财产之一。personal possessions个人财产He lost all his possessions in the fire.【u】占有，拥有take possession of 占领，夺取come into possession of 占有in possession of (表主动）占有in the possession of （表被动） 被占有He is in of the house. 他拥有这套房子。The house is in the of him. 这套房子在他的占有之下。- Does the young man standing there _

15、the company?- No. The company is _ his father.A.have of; in ofB.in of ; in the ofC.take of ; in the ofD.have of ; in of9.convinceconvince sb. to do sth=convince sb of sth.说服某人做 Convince sb that使某人确信某事He convinced me of his sincerity. 他使我确信他的真诚。I was convinced that he was sincere. Your mistakes convi

16、nced me that you hadnt studied your lesson. 你的错误使我确信你没有学习功课。convince vt. “使确信；使信服”convince sb. of sth. / that . Scientists are convinced _ the possible effect of laughter _ physical and mental health. A. of; at B. by; in C. of; on D. on; atby coincidence 碰巧, 由于巧合what a coincidence！多么凑巧的事情啊！What a co

17、incidence to meet you here. 真巧在这儿碰到你。I met him by coincidence. I didnt know he was here.10.a great/ good deal 大量; 大量 Ever since the reform and opening, China has changed a great deal. (adv.修饰v.)A great deal has been studied and this is considered the best way to solve the difficult problem.(n.)He ra

18、n a great deal faster than me.(修饰比较级)a great/good deal of为adj，修饰UA great deal of money was spent on the project. 那个项目花费了大量金钱。1）修饰可数名词：many a few a good/great many A great many buildings have been built along the street.a large/ big/ great/ / small number ofMany a +单数名词More than one +单数名词2）修饰不可数名词：mu

19、ch a good/great deal ofa large amount of (谓语动词用单数)large amounts of (谓语动词用复数)3）修饰可数和不可数名词a lot of/lots of plenty ofa large quantity of (谓语动词用单数)large quantities of (谓语动词用复数)练习：1._ the students in our school go to college in their teens. A good many B. A great many ofC. A great deal of D. A lot of2. H

20、e is _ better now. Dont worry about him.A.more B. a great deal ofC. a number of D.a great deal 13.The impressionists were the first artists to paint outdoors.He is always the last one to leave the classroom.10.attempt v.尝试，企图v.企图，试图；努力试图，尝试：努力去执行，做或完成attempt doing反复尝试做attempt to do企图做attempt to do/d

21、oing = try to do/doingThe second question was so difficult; I didnt even attempt it. 第二道题太难了，我连试都没试。I attempted to speak but was told to be quiet. 我想开口说几句，但有人叫我别做声。I attempted to read the entire novel in one sitting. We attempted the difficult maneuver without assistance. n. 企图或努力 袭击；攻击an attempt on

22、 someone's life.对某人生命的攻击Shelly had prepared carefully for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first_ .A) intentionB) attemptC) purpose D) desire make an attempt to do sth at doing sth She made an attempt to cook the dinner. 她试着做这顿饭。The prisoner made an attempt

23、to escape/ at escaping but failed.at ones attempt 在sb尝试下ones first attempt 初次尝试练习：1) 他试图行走直到摔倒。He_2) 他参加过考试，可是失败了。He_ but failed.3) 我企图说话，可是有人要我安静点。I _ but was told to be quiet. attempted walking until he fell over. attempted the examination attempted to speak 18.On the other hand另一方面，相当于一个副词。常与on o

24、ne hand连用。On one handon the other hand一方面另一方面This job is not well paid, but on the other hand, I dont have to work long hours.On one hand, I need a computer, but on the other hand, I dont have enough money.At hand在手边，在附近By hand用手的，手工的Go hand in hand with与共同行动19.Predict1)v.预言，预测 后面加名词做宾语或接that从句/wh-从

25、句。Nobody can predict what will happen in the future.It is still not possible to accurately predict the occurrence of earthquakes.现在还不可能准确预测地震的发生。2) n. Prediction 预言，预测Her prediction turned out to be correct.她的预言证明是正确的。20.Specific明确的，详尽的，具体的，特有的Can you be a bit more specific when you talk about your

26、plan?当你谈及你的计划时，你能说的再具体点吗？Each organ in our body has its specific function.我们体内的每个器官都有自己独特的作用。This kind of disease is specific to houses.这种病只有马才会得。21.figure1) 外形;体形;人影I saw a figure in the darkness. 2) 体态;风姿She has a slender figure.3)人物;名人He has become a figure known to everyone.4) 数字Where did you ge

27、t those figures? 5)His work now commands huge figures.22.delicate He is a delicate child.纤弱的,娇弱的，瘦弱的Be careful with those wine cupsthey are very delicate.容易的In such a delicate situation I have to weigh my words. 需要小心处理的;微妙的;棘手的在这样微妙的情形下,我必须权衡一下我的话。What a delicate work of art!精妙的delicate china.精美的瓷器2

28、3.1)aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的;有闯劲的;侵略性的;好斗的He is very aggressive. 他生性好斗。We regarded the Iraq War as an aggressive one. 我们认为伊拉克战争是侵略战争。an aggressive salesman一干劲很大的售货员aggressive weapons 攻击性武器2)aggressively adv. 气势汹汹地 3)aggression n.侵略（行动）aggressor n. 侵略者练习：If you want to become a successful businessman, y

29、ou must _ _ .如果你想做一个成功的商人，你必须积极进取。_ _ must be destroyed. 必须要销毁攻击性的武器。be aggressiveAggressive arms24.In the flesh活生生，本人，亲自Flesh n.肌肉； 肉Have you ever seen Jay Chou in the flesh?你见过周杰伦本人吗？He wouldnt believe until he saw in the flesh他直到亲眼目睹才相信。Flesh and blood肉体，血肉之躯Though he is a hero, he is still flesh

30、 and blood.Lose flesh减肥Gain/put on flesh增肥Flesh-eating食肉的25.preference - prefer1)更加的喜爱,偏爱UC(+for)A window seat is my preference.我喜欢靠窗的座位。We dress simply by preference.首先, 最好2)偏爱的事物(或人)CWhich is your preference, tea or coffee?你喜欢喝哪一样,茶还是咖啡?3)偏袒U(+for)Parents should not show preference for any one of

31、their children.父母不应流露出对任何一个孩子的偏心。4)优先(权);优惠权UC in preference to 优先于Have a preference for偏爱I have a preference for classic music.我更喜欢古典音乐。We had a preference for sweet food.我们特别喜欢吃甜食.in preference to 优先于Id choose the small car in preference to the larger one. 我宁可选择那辆小的汽车而不要那辆大的。 She chose to learn th

32、e violin in preference to the piano. 她愿学小提琴而不学钢琴. 26.Appealvi. 1)呼吁,恳求 appeal to sb for sth.He appealed to me for help.2)诉诸,求助(+to)We will appeal to a variety of sources of information.3)有吸引力,迎合爱好W(+to)The idea appealed to Mary.4)【律】上诉(+to/against)He appealed against the five-year sentence he had be

33、en given.27.fragile adj.精细的；易碎的；脆弱的； As he broke up with his girlfriend, his heart was fragile.由于他同女朋友分手了，他的心很脆弱。Reputation n.名誉,名声(+for)The store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing. 该店买卖公平,声誉极佳。He has a reputation for cheating in the exam.他以考试作弊而享有盛名。have a reputation 享有盛名好名声,声望;信誉This re

34、staurant has a fine reputation. 这家餐厅信誉很好。 Cheating at the game ruined that players reputation. 比赛时作弊败坏了那位选手的声望。live up to ones reputation 不负盛名lose ones reputation 失去盛名；win a high reputation 赢得很高的声誉You must live up to your promise. 你必须实践自己的诺言。 They are always exhorted to deliver results and to live u

35、p to their parents' high expectations  他们无时无刻被提醒要考取好成绩，实现父母对他们的高度期望。28.、The museum displays more than just the visual delights of art. 博物馆展示的不仅仅是视觉上的乐趣。 more than名词意为“不仅仅”，more than just相当于not only, not just的意思。如：Jason is more than a lecturer; he is a writer, too. 詹森不仅是一名讲师，他还是一个作家。 Modern

36、science is more than a large amount of information.现代科学不仅仅是大量的信息。1) more than+数词，意为“超过”相当于over，其反义词组为less than。如There are more than two hundred people in the park. 公园里有200多人。2)“more than形容词/副词”是“很”或“非常”的意思。如：I am more than content with what you said. 我对你的讲话十分满意。She was dressed more than simply. 她穿着太

37、朴素了。3) 在“more . than .”结构中，肯定“more”后面的内容而否定“than”后面的部分，常译为“是 而不是” 或 “与其说不如说” 。如：Hearing the loud noise, the boy was more surprised than frightened. 听到这巨大的声响，男孩与其说是害怕不如说是感到很惊讶。 句型：1. The Impressionists were_.印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。(P2)序数词the first/the second/the last( sb.) to do是一种常见结构，表示“最早、第二、最后做某事的人”，其中

38、的不定式作后置定语；如果主语和不定式之间有被动关系，不定式应使用被动结构。My monitor is always the first to come to school and the last to leave.我的班长总是第一个到校、最后一个离开。To tell the truth, he was the last person to be met with by the manager.说实话，他是最后一个被经理接见的人。She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.她是在奥运会上第一个获得金牌的女

39、选手。2. _so many great works of art from the late 19th century to 21st century are housed in the same museum.令人吃惊的是，在同一家博物馆里竟能容纳下19世纪后期到21世纪的如此众多的名家巨作。 It is amazing/surprising/astonishing/shocking that.是一种常见句型，表示“令人吃惊、震惊、惊讶等”，其中it是形式主语，that引导名词性从句作句子的真正主语。这种句型可以用to one's amazement/surprise/astoni

40、shment/shock 这些短语作状语来改写。It is surprising that children who are seven years old don't know how to brush one's teeth.令人吃惊的是，七岁的孩子还不知道怎么刷牙To our shock, the terrorist explosion caused over one hundred deaths.令我们震惊的是，这次恐怖爆炸造成了一百多人死亡。 语法：虚拟语气1.虚拟语气用于条件句、其它句型中与现在事实相反时从句用过去时(did/were)，主句用would/shoul

41、d/could/might动词原形How nice it _ if I _ a sister like you!Awas; had Bwould be; had had Cwould have been; had Dwould be; had【解析】题干表达与现在事实相反的内容，根据规则选D项2. 与过去事实相反时从句用过去完成时(had done)，主句用would/should/could/might have doneWere you in time for the lecture?If I _ told earlier, I would have.Ahad been Bwas Cwer

42、e to be Dshould be选A。 由问句看出与过去事实相反，因而从句中使用过去完成时。3. 与将来事实相反时，从句中可用三种形式，即动词的过去式/should动词原形/were to动词原形。This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. Awould Bshould Ccould Dmight分析：后一句实际上使用了与将来事实相反的虚拟语气，从句中使用should表示“假如；万一” _ fired, your h

43、ealth care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off.AWould you be BShould you be CCould you be DMight you be【解析】前一分句实际上使用的是虚拟语气，与将来事实相反从句中使用If you should be fired，可以省略if而把should提前到主语之前。4. 虚拟语气用于错综时间条件句：条件句和主句的动作发生的时间不一致，主句和从句的谓语要根据各自不同的时间选择适当的动词形式。5. 虚拟语气用于含蓄条件句：句中没有条件从句，其内容暗含在短语或上下文中。But

44、for the help of my English teacher, I_the first prize in the English Writing Competition. Awould not win Bwould not have won Cwould win Dwould have wonbut for(要不是)引导的短语在句中作状语时，句子的谓语部分常用虚拟语气；此处表示与过去事实相反，因而使用“would6. wish后的宾语从句中：与现在事实相反时用were或动词的一般过去时；与过去事实相反时用had过去分词；与将来事实相反时用would/could/might动词原形。 H

45、ow I wish every family _ a large house with a beautiful garden! Ahas Bhad Cwill have Dhad hadwish 后的从句如果表示与现在事实相反，应使用动词的过去形式。7. 在suggest，order，insist，demand，require，desire，command，request，recommend等表示建议、命令、要求、愿望的词后面的宾语从句中；在与suggestion，order，request，advice，demand等有关的表语从句、同位语从句中；以及在It be suggested/ord

46、ered/requested/ insisted /desired/required that.句型中用“(should)动词原形”。The doctor recommended that you _ swim after eating a large meal. Awouldn't Bcouldn't Cneedn't Dshouldn't recommend 表示“建议”时，其后的宾语从句中的谓语用“should 动词原形”，should可省略。. His suggestion is that the harvest _ in before the rain

47、y season comes.Aget Bshould get Cbe got Dwill be gotsuggestion 之后的that从句是表语从句，其中谓语用“should动词原形”，should省略。8. 在It's (high) time that.句型中，谓语动词用过去时或should动词原形(should不能省略)，表示“早就该”It's no use envying others their success. It's time that you _ hard.Amust work Bwere to work Cwork DworkedIt's

48、 time that.句型中使用动词的一般过去时9. as if/as though(好像，似乎)之后的方式状语从句中；if only句型表示“要是多好啊”中，与现在事实相反时动词用一般过去时；与过去事实相反时用had过去分词；与将来事实相反时用should/would/could/might动词原形。When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _. Abreaks Bhas broken Cwere broken Dhad been brokenUnit 2词汇和结构：1.convey v. 传达；运送Othe

49、rs try to _certain emotions. 而有些诗则是为了传达某种情感的。(P10)Please convey my best wishes to her. 请代我向她表示最良好的祝愿。(朗文P413)convey .to. 把运到convey .to sb. 向某人传达/表达(思想、感情等)convey one's feelings 表达感情2 transform v. 转化；转换；改造；变换Getting that new job has completely transformed her.她得到了那份新工作以后，人全变了。(朗文P1871)In only 20

50、years the country has been transformed into an advanced industrial power.这个国家只用了20年时间就变成了一个先进的工业强国。(朗文P1871)o 把某人/物改变成transform .from 从中转变、转化3. appropriate adj. 适当的；正当的Match the beginning of each sentence with the _ending.Your clothes are hardly appropriate for a job interview.你的服装不太适合求

51、职面试时穿。(朗文P76)It is appropriate that he (should) make an apology to us.他向我们道歉是合适的。(文馨P87)The house is not really suitable for a large family.这所房子确实不适合大家庭居住。be appropriate to/for. 对适合；适宜It is appropriate/proper that. (should) do. 是合适的be suitable for/to. 适合的；适宜的be fit for. 适合；胜任注意appropriate指适合于特殊的人及场合

52、、地位等；suitable指适合某种情况或安排；fit指大小适合或胜任某职位；appropriate 等于very proper。4. exchange n/v. 交换；交流；调换；兑换If there had not been an _programme, he would not have found a sponsor to help him study abroad.要是没有一个交流项目的话，他就不可能找到赞助者帮助他到国外学习。(P13)He gave me an apple in exchange for a piece of cake.他给我一个苹果，来换我的一块蛋糕。(朗文P5

53、89)I exchanged seats with Bill.我和比尔换了座位。(朗文P589)exchange sth. for sth. 拿交换exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交换某物exchange money 兑换钱币in exchange for. 交换；调换do an exchange 作一下交换cultural exchange 文化交流exchange rate/programme 汇率/ 交流项目5sponsor n. 赞助人；主办者；倡议者 v. 发起；举办；倡议；赞助The baseball match is being sponsored by a

54、cigarette company.棒球赛是由一家烟草公司赞助举行的。(朗文P1702)If I'm going to go and live in the US, I must get an American sponsor.如果我去美国并在那里居住，必须有美国人作担保。(朗文P1701)sponsor the celebration 主办庆祝会sponsor sb. 资助某人sponsor a plan 倡议计划become one's sponsor 成为某人的赞助人/担保人6. load n. 负担；负荷物v. 装载；给负荷The good news has taken a load off my mind.这好消息使我如释重负。(文馨P1