选修6unit1单词讲解

1、选修 6 unit 1 ArtIV重点词汇1. faith n.信仰；信任；信心have faith in sb./sth.对某人/某事有信心lose faith in不再信任，对失去信心be faithful to sb. sth.忠实于某人某事faithful adj.忠实的faithfully adv.忠实地1) Having faith in the masses is the requireme nt by gover nment.相信群众是对政府的要求。2) Un der no circumsta nee shall we lost faith in the future.在任何情

2、况下，我们都不该对未来失去信心。练习汉译英1) 他对我的能力很有信心。2) 虽然只是一个小挫折，却让露丝对成功失去了信心。Keys: 1) He has faith in my ability.2) Though it ' s only a small frustration, it made Rose lose faith in success.2. aim n. 目标；目的；瞄准 vi.&vt.瞄准(向某方向)努力take aim (at)瞄准aim at向瞄准；旨在，针对；志在aim high胸怀大志；力争上游1) What is your aim in life?你生活

3、的目的是什么？2) He aimed the gun at the enemy officer .他用枪瞄准了敌军官。3) Our factory must aim at developing new models of maehines .我们的工厂必须致力于研制新型机械。练习根据句子的意思在横线上填入适当的词或词组。1) This anti-smoking campaign mainly( 针对)young teenagers.2) The hunter (瞄准)the lio n and fired3) He (力求)at accuracy.4) He could n ot (瞄准)st

4、raight.5) He is lead ing a life without (目标，方向)Keys:1)aims at 2)aimed at 3) aimed 4) aim 5) aims3. typical adj.典型的，象征性的；不出所料；特有的be typical of 是代表;象征1) Xianglin Sao is a typical character in Zhufu.典型人物2) grasp typical cases 抓典型3) It ' s typical of her to be la她这个人就是爱迟到。练习汉译英1) 抢挑重担是他的特点。2) 温暖，潮湿的

5、气候在南方很典型。Keys: 1) It is typical of him to take hard jobs.2) Warm and wet weather is very typical in south China.4. adopt vt.采用，采纳;收养adoption n.采用;收养形近词：adapt v.使适应，改编adaptation n.适应,改编,改写本1) In the meeting, all the works agreed to adopt a new idea to reform the factory.会议中所有员工都同意采纳新意见以改革工厂2) Many ne

6、w couples are eager to adopt the childre n los ing their pare nts in the earthquake.许多新夫妇都期望可以收养在地震中失去双亲的孩子练习汉译英1) 健康而没有孩子的夫妇依法可以收养一个小孩。2) 这部影片是为了孩子们从一本很受欢迎的小说改编而来Keys: 1) The healthy couple without children can adopt a child by law.2) The film was adapted from a popular novel for children.5. convin

7、ce vt.使确信；使信服 convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 convince sb. to do sth.说服某人做某事 be convinced of sth. 相信某事be convinced that+从句相信某事1) He was convinced of his error. 他认识了错误2) He convinced me that I should study law .他劝我应该学法律。3) It took many hours to convince the court of his guilt .花费了许多个小时法庭才相信他有罪。4) We con

8、vinced Anne to go by train rather than plane .我们说服了安妮放弃乘飞机而坐火车走。【高考考例分析】To catch up with the times, we must keep ourselvesof the curre nt n ews.A. warned B. i nformed C. convinced D. accused解析本题考查四个动词的含义，这四个词都可以与 of搭配，warn sb. of sth.警告某人某事，inform sb. of sth.通知某人某事，convince sb. of sth.说服某人相信某事，accus

9、e sb. of sth指控某人某事。本句译为：为了跟上时代，我们 必须使自己知道当前的新闻。答案B练习根据句子的意思在横线上填入适当词或词组。1) Heme his innocence.2) After his discussi on, Ithat I was wrong.3) It is no use tryinghim to quit smok ing.Keys: "convincedwas convinced 3)to convince6. attempt n.努力；尝试；企图vt.尝试；企图重点用法attempt sth.试图做；努力去执行(完成)某事 attempt to

10、 do企图做某事make an attempt at sth/ to do sth .企图做某事1) The prisoners attempted an escape, but failed.囚犯企图逃跑，但是失败了2) An astronaut will attempt to leave the stationary spaceship and then return to it 一名宇航员将试着离开停着的宇宙飞船，然后再回到里面去。3）The boys made an attempt to leave for camping but were stopped by their paren

11、ts . 男孩子们想去野营但被他们的父母 们拦住了。练习汉译英1）我试图与她取得联系。2）他无意进行这件事情。Keys: 1）1 attempted to get in touch with her. 2） He made no attempt to carry it out.7. predict vt.预言；预告；预测（侧重从已知的事实推断或根据自然规律断定未来的事情。predict sth.predict thatprediction n. 预言,预报1）An eclipse could be predicted in ancient days.很久以前就可以预报日（月）蚀了。2）His

12、teacher predicted that he could be a CEO of a compa ny because of his in tellige nee and dilige nee.因为他的聪明和勤奋，他老师预测他以后有可能成为公司的总裁。3）Do you take seriously his predicti on of a gover nment defeat?他预言政府要挫败，你认为这话靠得住吗？练习汉译英1）观察员预测加沙地区形势最起码会持续一个月。2）预告明天有雨Keys: 1)The observer predicted that the situation in

13、 Gaza will last at least a month.2) It predicts rain for tomorrow.V重点词组1. a great deal 大量1) Thanks a great deal for your help with our work.非常感谢你给我们工作上的帮助。2) A great deal of money was used in rescu ing the victims in Wen chua n earthquake.大量的金钱被用于援救汶川地震中的受害者。短语归纳表示许多，大量”a great deal of/a good deal o

14、f/a large amount of/much/not a little 可用于修饰不可数名词a few/quite a few/a good many/a great many/a great number of 可用于修饰可数名词a lot of/a large quantity of/large quantities of/plenty of既可修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词练习汉译英1) 我还有许多事情需要处理。2) 大量充足的雨水带来了丰收。3) 许多孩子在这次可怕的事故中失去了双亲。Keys: 1)1 have a nu mber of things to do.2) Plen

15、ty of rain resulted in the harvest of crop.3) Great nu mbers of childre n lost their pare nts in the terrible accide nt.2. by coincidenee 巧合地By coin cide nee, we will take the same bus back home.真巧合，我们要搭同趟车回家。By coin cide nee, his wife is one of my classmates in college.巧合的是他的妻子是我大学的一个同学。by accident

16、碰巧，偶然by chance碰巧，偶然on purpose 故意4. in the flesh活着的；本人1) In the performa nee, you can see your idols in the flesh.表演中，你可以亲眼看到你的偶像。2) His appeara nee in the flesh en ded the rumors about his death.他本人的出现打破了他人已经死去的谣言。练习汉译英1) 当使用信用卡时，需要你的本人签名。2) 他是活着的最受欢迎的学者。Keys: 1) When using your credit card, you nee

17、d to sign your name in the flesh.2) He is the most popular scholar in the flesh.5. in (the) possession of 拥有(属于)1) They are still in possession of the house, so we have to wait for another time. 他们依然拥有房子的产权，所以我们还得等待一段时间。2) The factory is in the possessi on of one of my friend, who moved to Australia

18、 several years ago. 这家工厂是属于我一个 朋友的，几年前他搬到澳洲去了。短语归纳in one' s posses由on掌握in charge of负全责,经管,in the charge of由负责，经营take possession of 占有,拥有take charge of 负责，看管6. in consequenee 因此，结果1) He got a bad cough. In con seque nee, he had to ask a doctor for help.2) He had to ask a doctor for help in con se

19、que nee of his bad cough.他咳得很厉害，因此，他不得不去看医生。短语归纳in consequenee of.的结果，因为的缘故，由于as a con seque nee 因而，结果练习汉译英1)雨很大，结果街道变成一片汪洋。2）因为他付出的努力，他取得了非凡的成就。Keys: 1) It rained heavily. As a consequence, the streets were in flood.2) He got a marvelous achievement in consequence of his great effort.7. 即peal to (对

20、某人)有吸引力；向呼吁请求Bright colours appeal to small childre n. 小孩喜欢鲜艳的颜色。We are appeali ng to anyone who saw the suspect to con tact us.我们恳请任何人看到嫌疑犯后与我们联系。appeal to sb. for为向某人呼吁请求appeal for aid 请求援助appeal for mercy sympathy 请求宽恕同情appeal to arms force 诉诸武力练习汉译英1) 政府呼吁市民节约用水。2) 意识到自己的错误，这个犯人请求宽恕。Keys: 1) The

21、 gover nment appealed to citize ns for savi ng water.2) Realizing his mistakes, the criminal appealed for mercy.VI重点句子1. But it was evide nt that ideas were cha nging in the 13th cen tury whe n pain ters like Giotto di Bondone bega n to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way.但是，很显然在13世纪时(人们的

22、)思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种较为现实的风格来画宗教 场景。解释It is evident that(很)显然 “在句中充当形式主语，“tha引导的主语从句为真正的主语。为了句子的平衡移到后面，可以避免句子结构的头重脚轻.典例It's evide nt that the plan is impracticable. 很明显这计划是不能实现的。It was evide nt that the couple still love for each other. 很显然这对夫妇依然爱着对方。练习汉译英1) 很显然，在警察赶到前犯罪现场经过了伪造。2) 很明显政府正试图帮助大学

23、生就业。Keys: 1)lt was evident that the accident spot had been counterfeited (伪造)before the traffic policeman came.2) It is evident that the local government is trying to help the graduates with employment.2课文佳句背诵与仿写(旨在培养对难句的理解和运用能力)1. 【原句】 Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be a

24、ble to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous.没有新的颜料和新的(绘画)手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时代著名的杰作。模仿要点句子结构 without + N ,主句(用虚拟语气)+介词+which引导的定语从句模仿1】如果没有这项政策，并不是所有的孩子将能够上学接受家长无法支付教育的。答案： Without the policy, not all the childre n would be able to go to school to receive the educati on for wh

25、ich their pare nts were not able to pay.【模仿2】没有她及时的帮助，我们就不会完成我们负责的项目，。答案： Without her timely help, we would not have fini shed the project for which we were respon sible.2. 【原句】 Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in

26、Paris.在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在巴黎的印象派画家。模仿要点句子结构：among(介词)位于句首的倒装句，+ which/who引导非限制定语从句【模仿1】在所有最有吸引力的城市中有湛江，它是最近被正式宣布为十大休闲城市之一。答案： Among all the cities that are most attractive is Zhanjia ng, which was recen tly officially declared one of the Top Ten Casual Cities in China.【模仿2】在所有获得奖学金的学生中有杰克，他是来自贫困家庭，现

27、在正在做兼职来维持自己。答案： Among all the students who received the scholarships is Jack, who is from a poor family and now is doing a time to support himself.【练习】根据句子结构，用括号内所提供词的适当形式填空1) Sometimes we areby the desire to be rich and do everyth ing we could to make the dream come true, butfin ally we will find o

28、ut that theof wealth may not n ecessarily bring happ in ess. (possess)2) The bad weather and thecon fusi on of traffic made it impossible for schools to operate as usual.,most of the stude nts were take n back home by their pare nts. (con seque nee)3) The man rushed into the manager' s officeand

29、 asked for a refund. (aggress)4) An automotivecoming from U.S.A is ready to help us in scie nee and. (tech niq ue)5) Aemployee would no t like to leave his boss though the compa ny had bee n ban krupted. (faith)6）With the development of meteorology （ 气象学）,people make itto know the weather in advanee

30、. （predict） keys:1） possessed; possession 2） consequent; Consequently 3） aggressively 4） technician; technology 5）faithful 6） predictive二、课文要点1课文词汇等填空（旨在复习本课文中的单词拼写和主要词语等）根据课文内容完成下面语法填空，注意单词拼写和词语用法：Western art is 1 （影响）by the way of life and 2 （ believe） of people. During the Middle Agesthe main aim

31、 of painters was to represent 3 （传统的）themes. Artists were interestedin 4 （create） respect and love for God. In the Renaissanee new ideas and values took the place ofthose 5 （hold）in the Middle Ages when people focused more on humans. One of the mostimporta nt 6 （ discover） duri ng this period was ho

32、w to draw things in perspective .In the late 19th,Europe cha nged from a mostly 7 （ agriculture）society to a mostly in dustrialone. 8 （印象派）dated from the late 19th to the early 20th cen tury. However, at first the paintings ofthis period were thought to be 9 （可笑的）.Then moder n art, the pain ter does

33、 not attempt to paint objectsas we see them with our eyes but concen trates 10 certa in qualities of the object.答案：1. influenced 2.beliefs 3.religious 4.creating 5.held6.discoveries 7.agricultural8mpressionism9.ridiculous 10.on1. adj.抽象的；深奥的；n.摘要tadj.（反义词）具体的2. n.信任；信心；信念t adj忠实的 tadv.忠实地3. adv.所以；因

34、而tadj.作为结果的；随之发生的t n.结果4. n.目标；目的；v.瞄准，（向某方向）努力t adj.（反义词）漫无目的的5. adj.常规的；传统的；因循守旧的t adv.常规地；传统地“.abstract; concrete 2.faith; faithful; faithfully 3.consequently; consequent; consequence4.aim;6.adj.典型的；有代表性的tadv.典型地；有代表性地7.adj.明显的；显著的tn.证据8.vt.采用；采纳；收养tadj.被收养的；被米纳的；有收养关系的9.vt.拥有；具有；支配tn.（尤作复数）所有；财产

35、10.adj.荒谬的；可笑的tadv.荒谬地11.adj.争论的；争议的tn.争论；论战12.vt.预言；预告；预测tn.预言；预告13.adj.确切的；特定的tadv.确切地；特定地aimless5.conventional; conventionally14. adj.敢作敢为的；侵略的好斗的t n.攻击侵犯15. v.呼吁；求助；将上诉；n.呼吁；恳求tadj.可怜的；恳求的；有魅力的 ；令人感兴趣的16. n.文明；文化tv.使文明；使开化；教化6.typical;typically7.evident;evidence 8.adopt;adoptive10.ridiculous; ri

36、diculously13.specific;specifically 16.civilization;civilize1. coin cide nee2. adeal3. on thehand4. i n the5. appeal6. lead7. concen trate8. beto do sth.9. asas"controversial; controversy14.aggressive;aggression偶然地；巧合地许多；大量（可是）另一方面活着的；本人（对某人）有吸引力;导致集中注意力于渴望做某事既；又9.possess;possession12.predict; p

37、rediction15.appeal;appealing（使某人）感兴趣10. would宁愿1.by2.great3.other4.flesh5.to6.to7.on8.eager9.well10.ratherI .单词拼写1. The word“ honestyis an anoun.2. As they had no childre n of their own, they aan orpha n.3. They are put on an eof French paintings next week.4. An acountry is always ready to start a w

38、ar.5. His ais to be a successful writer.6. The pris oners（企图）to escape, but failed.7. The keys are in the （掌握在 手里） of the boss.8. The expert （预言）that there will be an earthquake in that area in the near future.9. You look（可笑的）in those tight jeans.10. The professor made a（可能弓I起争议的 ）speech.【答案】“.abstr

39、act 2.adopted 3.exhibition 4.aggressive5.aim6. attempted 7.possession 8.predicts 9.ridiculous 1O.controversialn.同义句转换1.1 prefer to watch rather tha n perform.Iwatch tha n perform.2. These years, Europe has cha nged a lot.These years, Europe has cha nged.3. He tried to slide into the room but was fou

40、nd by his father.Heslide into the room but was found by his father.4. These pla nts attract many childre n.These pla ntsmany childre n.5. This was so moving a play that we couldn' t help crying.This wasthat we couldn' t help crying.【答案】1. would rather2. a great deal3. attempted to4. appeal t

41、o5. such a moving playI .多项选择1. The idea of working abroad reallyme , and I ' m trying to apply for a job abroad.A . adapts toB . relates toC . responds toD. appeals to解析：选D。句意：去国外工作的想法吸引着我，我正试图在国外找到一份工作。appeal to意为有吸引力”符合句意。adapt to适应（新环境等）;relate to sb./sth.理解或同情某人（某事物）;respond to回应，反应。2. John

42、 applied for the post of Eliot' s secretary.Does hethe necessary patience and ability to do thjob well?A . performB. possessC . observeD. support解析：选B。句意：John申请做Eliot的秘书。他有做好这项工作必备的耐性和能力吗？possess具有，拥有，符合句意。 perform 表演，演奏； observe观察，观测； support支持，支撑。3. He' s one of those early birdst' sof

43、 him to get up early.A. practicalB. humorousC . rudeD . typical解析：选 Do It is typical of sb.to do sth.某人做是他的特征。4 . Short hair is backthis year.The female workers in my office all had their long hair cut.A . in commonB . in styleC . in troubleD . in place解析：选B。句意：短发今年又开始流行了。我们办公室的女职员都把她们的长发剪了。in style

44、意为 流行的” 符合句意。 in common 共有； in trouble 有麻烦； in place 在适当的位置。5I 'm going to London next Monday.What a ！So am I.A conclusionB consequenceC coincidenceD celebration解析：选 Co conclusion结论； consequence结果，后果； coincidence巧合； celebration 庆祝。根据 So am I 的语境可知选 C 项。6If you are a distance learner ， it is a go

45、od idea to set yourself a learning goal for each day or eachweek.A delicateBvisualC fairD specific解析：选 D。 specific 意为 “确切的，具体的 ”。句意：你若是远程学习者，为自己每天或每周设定一个确切的 学习目标是个好主意。7The expert advised the boy， who always fails to remember the new words， to an effective way oflearning vocabulary.A admireB designC

46、adoptD invent解析：选Co adopt意为 采用，采取，采纳”，符合题意。admire羡慕，赞赏；design设计；invent发明，创造。8（2010年高考安徽卷 ）How did you like Nick 's performance last night?To be honest， his singing didn 't to me much.A appealBbelongC referD occur解析：选 A。考查动词词义辨析。appeal to意为 吸引”；belong to意为 属于”；refer to意为 提到；涉及”；occur to 意为 “突

47、然想到 ”。句意为 “她的演唱并不怎么吸引我。 ”9 （2010 年高考山东卷 ）Mothers holding jobs outside the home should have s che d u l es to make iteasier to care for their children.A heavyB smoothC flexibleD complex解析：选C。考查形容词词义辨析。句意应为 在外工作的母亲们应该有灵活的时间以便照看孩子们。”表示灵活的"用flexibleo heavy表示 沉重的”；smooth表示 光滑的，滑顺的”；complex表示 复杂的，难懂的”。10Managers in excellent companies have a strong for doing things rather than talking aboutsituations.AopinionBfeelingC ideaDpreference解析：选D。考查名词词义辨析。句意：优秀企业的管理者都特别偏爱做实事而不是夸夸其谈。have a preferencefor对有偏爱。n .完成句子1Children should be encouraged to explore （ 他们感兴趣的任何事物 ）（appeal）解析：考查宾语