全新版大学英语3作文及要求背诵段落1

1、第一单元householdprimarilycut back get throughpremium insurancepick uppursue十年之前，南希做了许许多多美国人梦寐以求的事。她辞去了经理职位，在邻近地区开了一家家用器材（equipment）商店。像南希那样的人作出这种决定主要是出于改善生活质量的愿望。 然而，经营小本生意绝非易事。在失去稳定的收入后，南希不得不削减日常开支。有时候她甚至没有钱支付她所需要的种种保险的费用。有一次她连电话费也付不起，只得向她的父母亲借钱。 幸运的是，通过自己的努力，她已经度过了最困难的时期。她决心继续追求她所向往的更加美好的生活。 Answer:

2、A decade ago, Nancy did what so many Americans dream about. She quit an executive position and opened/set up a household equipment store in her neighborhood. People like Nancy made the decision primarily because of/owing to/due to their desire to improve the quality of their lives. But, to run a sma

3、ll business is by no means an easy job. Without her steady income, Nancy had to cut back on her daily expenses. Sometimes she did not even have the money to pay the premiums for the various kinds of insurance she needed. Once she could not even pick up the phone bill and had to ask her parents to lo

4、an her some money.Fortunately, through her own hard work, she has now got through the most difficult time. She is determined to continue pursuing her vision of a better life. 第二单元settlement painfulcaptureundergroundracialconviction disguiseabolishliberateclose in on痛苦的奴隶生活坚定了亨森为自由而战的决心。他获得自由后不久就成了一个

5、帮助逃跑奴隶的组织中的一员。他几次偷偷地回到美国帮助其他奴隶通过地下铁路获得自由。有一次在逃跑时，亨森和几个逃跑的奴隶被捕捉奴隶的人包围。他将逃跑的奴隶乔装打扮一番，成功地躲避了追捕。另外，他后来在加拿大的得累斯顿为逃跑的奴隶建造了一个居住小区，并建了教堂和学校，逃跑的奴隶们在这里能够学到有用的谋生之道。他坚信奴隶制终将被废除，所有奴隶终将获得解放，种族歧视消失的那天一定会到来。Answer: Hensons painful life as a slave strengthened his determination to struggle for freedom. Shortly after

6、 he achieved freedom he became a member of an organization that assisted fugitive slaves. He secretly returned to the United States several times to help others to travel the Underground Railroad to freedom. Once some slave catchers closed in on the escaping slaves and Henson when they were on the r

7、un. He disguised them and successfully avoided capture. In addition, later he built a small settlement in Dresden, Canada for escaped slaves, setting up a chapel and a school where they could learn useful ways of making a living. He held to the conviction that slavery would be abolished, all the sla

8、ves would be liberated, and the day was bound to come when racial discrimination no longer existed.第三单元vulnerablewanderstatisticsprybarrier advertisementon the latchput up在美国每隔15秒钟就有人举报一起入室行窃案（burglary）。统计数据显示去年窃贼（burglar）光顾了两百多万户人家。人们实际上几乎无法将蓄意行窃的盗贼拒之门外，所能做的只是设法阻拦他片刻，从而使其暴露在巡警（police patrol）或附近溜达的人

9、们面前。常识告诉我们，光照是犯罪行为的障碍物。家门口必须安装一盏灯，并在晚间开着。不管你是否相信，有些人，尤其是最晚进家的孩子，晚上进屋后不把门锁上。空心门（door of hollow core），即便是锁上了，也易遭贼侵入。因此最好选择实心（solid core）门或铁门，因为窃贼很难将它们撬开。如果你有意购买报警装置，别忘了索要报警器的标志，并把它们张贴在窗户和门上。最后，提醒一句，外出旅游时，一定要请一位信得过的邻居，在你回来前帮你收好每日的报纸和邮件。这是因为放在门阶（doorstep）上或邮箱里成堆的报纸邮件如同广告一样使大家都知道你家里没人。Answer: A burglary

10、is reported every 15 seconds in the United States. Statistics show burglars entered more than 2 million homes last year. Actually it is almost impossible to keep a determined burglar out. All you can do is discourage him for a few minutes, thus exposing him to police patrols or those wandering aroun

11、d. Common sense tells us that lighting is a barrier to criminal activity. A light should be fixed in the doorway and switched on at night. Believe it or not, some people, particularly children who happen to be the last to come in, leave their doors on the latch at night. Doors of hollow core, even w

12、hen locked, are vulnerable to break-ins. Thus doors of solid core or steel are much preferred as they make it difficult for the burglar to pry open. If you decide to buy an alarm device, be sure to ask for its signs and put them up on both windows and doors. Finally, a word of warning - when you tra

13、vel, make sure that you have a trusted neighbor collect and keep all the deliveries of newspapers and mail until you return. This is because a collection of newspapers and mail on the front doorstep or in your mailbox is an advertisement that no one is home.第四单元adoptalikeappearancecatch sight ofcomp

14、licatedfade out isolatemodenationalityobservationon account of organizationwitwork up 外星人是一个让专家和外行都很感兴趣的话题，各式各样的国家和组织的研究者们正在采用不同的模式寻找他们。有的密切观察稀有放射性（radioactive）元素水平特别高的星球，他们认为那些元素产生于人类尚未理解的外星人技术。有的试图从宇宙“噪音”中分离出无线电信号。而有的则宣称已经看到了外星人，并能详细描绘他们的模样。研究者们将他们收集到的复杂数据汇编成一系列的报告和书籍。虽然确定的答案仍未找到，但并未有任何迹象显示探索者们的希望

15、因为挫折而泯灭，他们坚信他们的艰辛努力是完全值得的。Answer: The Extraterrestrial has been a topic of interest to experts and laymen /nonprofessionals alike. Researchers of various nationalities and organizations are adopting different modes of investigation in search of them. Some make close observation of stars with extreme

16、ly high level of rare, radioactive elements. They believe those elements result from extraterrestrial technology that is still beyond human wit to understand. Some try to isolate radio signals from the noise of the universe. And some claim that they have caught sight of extraterrestrials and can eve

17、n describe their appearance in detail. Researchers work up the complicated data they collect into a series of reports and books. Although no definite answer has yet been found, the explorers hope shows no sign of fading out on account of their frustrations and they hold to the belief that their hard

18、 efforts will prove worthwhile.第五单元be immersed in successivespecificon ones behalfrather thanimpress at seaundergoin quest ofbring backgratitudeamidaccordquote 在感恩节的气氛中，乔治没有跟朋友们一起庆祝节日，却沉浸于阅读他父亲留给他的日记。他的父亲在连续两次完成环球旅行后在海上去世。这份日记使他回忆起自己与父亲一起度过的每一刻以及父亲为他所做的许多具体事情。乔治的父亲过去经常向他强调必须经历各种艰难困苦去追求卓越（excellence）

19、。他还教导他世界上没有理所当然的东西。即使今天，他依然记得父亲如何引用“懂得感激是高尚者的标志”这句伊索（Aesop）名言来教导他要把懂得感激放在最重要的位置。Answer: Amid the atmosphere of Thanksgiving, rather than joining his friends in celebration of the holiday, George was immersed in the diary left to him by his father, who died at sea after he completed two successive tr

20、ips around the world. The diary brought back every moment George had spent with his father and many of the specific things his father did on his behalf. Georges father used to impress on him the need to undergo all kinds of hardships in quest of excellence. He also taught him that nothing in the wor

21、ld could be taken for granted. Even today, George still remembers how his father would quote Aesops famous saying Gratitude is the sign of noble souls and tell him to accord the greatest importance to it.第六单元barecling tofancyhere and therein tunelook the partmasterpiecepersistentto excessstand out 我

22、们到处都能看到“抢眼”的青年艺术家。他们要么一年四季穿着破旧的牛仔裤；要么大冬天也打赤脚；要么饮酒过度；要么就是抱着创作一部杰作的幻想，实际上并不做任何创作的事。其实，他们中的很多人只不过是为了看上去像名艺术家，或为了同其他艺术家“保持一致”才这么做的。他们忘了，只有通过不懈的努力才能获得成功。Answer: Here and there we see young artists who stand out from other people. They may be in worn out jeans all year round, or walk barefoot / in bare fe

23、et even in winter, or drink to excess, or cling to the fancy of creating a masterpiece without actually doing any creative work. In fact, many of them act like this just to look the part, or to be in tune with other artists. They have forgotten that only through persistent effort can one achieve suc

24、cess.第七单元+ Model:cripplecommissionuselesslimitationrepresentativedignityretaildeliveryterritoryprofitablelimbapply for 汤姆生来跛足，有一条腿不管用。 他很小的时候起就懂得，除非他努力摆脱（rise above）自身的局限，他是无力谋生的； 而除非他能独立谋生，他就不可能得到他人的尊敬。这是他要赢得做人的尊严必须付出的代价。汤姆申请过许多工作，都遭到拒绝，最后他找到一份为比萨屋（Pizza Hut）送比萨饼的工作。后来他又到一个没有人想去的推销区做一家运动服装（sports w

25、ear）公司的销售代表。现在，他在他的家乡拥有一家颇为盈利的零售商店，还雇用了好几个人为他工作，这些人都不拿薪水，只拿佣金。Answer: Tom was born a cripple, with one of his lower limbs useless. Early in his childhood, he learned that unless he exerted himself to rise above his limitations, he could not earn a living, and unless he succeeded in making a living o

26、n his own, he could not win/gain the respect of others. That was the price he had to pay for his dignity as a human being. Tom applied for numerous jobs, only to be turned down before he finally got one as a delivery boy for a Pizza Hut. He then worked as a sales representative of a sports wear comp

27、any in a territory no one would want. Today he owns a fairly protitable retail shop in his hometown, and hires several people to work for him on straight commission.第八单元+ Model:identicaloffensivetwincloneterrifybatch immunetoleratetransplantgrow intopotential 多利羊诞生之后，克隆就再也不能当作科学幻想而不去认真考虑了。人们能够复制一头一模

28、一样的羊，这与克隆人仅有一步之遥。许多人觉得克隆人很可怕，令人反感。但是，这一技术具有极大的医药应用潜力。科学家可以培养一群细胞，并指令它们长成与病人基因完全一致的整个器官甚至四肢，这就消除了器官移植到病人体内时因免疫反应造成的排异问题。科学家们还可以从改基因的动物，譬如猪的身上获取一个接受移植的病人能够容忍的器官。这样，现在每年成千上万个因为得不到可替换的心、肝或肾而死亡的病人的生命就可以得救了。Answer: After Dolly was born, cloning could no longer be dismissed as science fiction. The ability

29、to create an identical twin of a lamb is but one step short of cloning humans, which many find terrifying and offensive. However the technology holds great potential for medical application. Scientists could cultivate a batch of cells and direct them to grow into whole organs or even limbs that will

30、 be genetically identical to those of the patient, thus eliminating the problem of rejection caused by immune reaction when they are transplanted into his body. Or they could take an organ from animals such as a pig that has been genetically altered so that it will be tolerated by the recipient. The

31、n the lives of thousands of patients who die every year before a replacement heart, liver or kidney becomes available would be saved.第一单元 I suspect not everyone who loves the country would be happy living the way we do.It takes a couple of special qualities.One is a tolerance for solitude.Because we

32、 are so busy and on such a tight budget,we dont entertain much.During the growing season there is no time for socializing anyway.Jim and Emily are involved in school activities,but they too spend most of their time at home. The other requirement is energya lot of it.The way to make selfsufficency wo

33、rk on a small scale is to resist the tenptation to buy a tractor and other expensive laborsaving devices.Instead,you do the work yourself.The only machinery we own(not counting the lawn mower)is a little threehorsepower rotary cultivator and a 16-inch chain saw. How much longer well have enough ener

34、gy to stay on here is anybodys guess-perhaps for quite a while,perhaps not.When the time comes, well leave with a feeling of sorrow but also with a sense of pride at what weve been able to accomplish.We should make a fair profit on the sale of the place,too.Weve invested about $35.000 of our own mon

35、ey in it,and we could just about double that if we sold today.But this is not a good time to sell.Once economic conditions improve,however,demand for farms like ours should be strong again. We didnt move here primarily to earn money though.We came because we wanted to improve the quality of our live

36、s.When I watch Emily collecting eggs in the evening,fishing with Jim on the river or enjoying an oldfashioned picnic in the orchard with the entire family,I know weve found just what we were looking for.第二单元 Yet this stop was only part of a much larger mission for me.Josiah Henson is but one name on

37、 a long list of courageous men and women who together forged the Underground Railroad,a secret web of escape routes and safe houses that they used to liberate slaves from the American South.Between 1820 and 1860,as many as 100.000 slaves traveled the Railroad to freedom. In Oceober 2000,President Cl

38、inton authorized $16 million for the National Underground Railroad Freedom Center to honor this first great civil-rights struggle in the U.S.The center is scheduled to open in 2004 in Cincinnati.And its about time.For the heroes of the Underground Railroad remain too little remembered,their exploits

39、 still largely unsung.I was intent on telling their stories.第三单元 It has been replaced by dead-bolt locks,security chains,electronic alarm systems and trip wires hooked up to a police station or private guard firm.Many suburban families have sliding glass doors on their patios,with steel bars elegant

40、ly built in so no one can pry the doors open. It is not uncommon,in the most pleasant of homes,to see pasted on the windows small notices announcing that the premises are under surveillance by this security force or that guard company. The lock is the new symbol of America.Indeed,a recent publicserv

41、ice advertisement by a large insurance company featured not charts showing how much at risk we are,but a picture of a childs bicycle with the nowusual padlock attached to it. The ad pointed out that,yes,it is the insurance companies that pay for stolen goods,but who is going to pay for what the new

42、atmosphere of distrust and fear is doing to our way of life?Who is going to make the psychic payment for the transformation of America from the Land of the Free to the Land of the Lock? For that is what has happened.We have become so used to defending ourselves against the new atmosphere of American

43、 life,so used to putting up barriers,that we have not had time to think about what it may mean.第四单元 It was actually Bart Camerons error and youll have to understand about Bart Cameron.Hes the sheriff at Twin Gulch,Idaho,and Im his deputy.Bart Cameron is an impatient man and he gets most impatient wh

44、en he has to work up his income tax.You see,besides being sheriff,he also owns and runs the general store,hes got some shares in a sheep ranch,hes got a kind of pension for being a disabled veteran(bad knee)and a few other things like that.Naturally,it makes his tax figures complicated. It wouldnt b

45、e so bad if hed let a taxman work on the forms with him,but he insists on doing it himself and it makes him a bitter man.By April 14,he isnt approachable. So its too bad the flying saucer landed on April 14.1956. I saw it land.My chair was backed up against the wall in the sheriffs office,and I was

46、looking at the stars through the windows and wondering if I ought to knock off and hit the sack or keep on listening to Cameron curse real steady as he went over his columns of figures for the hundred twenty-seventh time. It looked like a shooting star at first,but then the track of light broadened

47、into two things that looked like rocket exhausts and the thing came down without a sound. Two men got out. I couldnt say anything or do anything.I couldnt choke or point;I couldnt even buy my eyes.I just sat there. Cameron?He never looked up.第五单元 Always the college professor,my dad had carefully avo

48、ided anything he considered too sentimental,so I knew how moved he was to write me that, after having helped educate many young people,he now felt that his best results included his own son. The Reverend Nelson wrote that his decades as a”simple,old-fashioned principal”had ended with schools undergo

49、ing such swift changes that he had retired in self-doubt.”I heard more of what I had done wrong than what I did right,”he said,adding that my letter had brought him welcome reassurance that his career had been appreciated. A glance at Grandmas familiar handwriting brought back in a flash memories of

50、 standing alongside her white rocking chair,watching her”settindown”some letter to relatives.Character by character,Grandma would slowly accomplish one word,then the next,so that a finished page would consume hours.I wept over the page representing my Grandmas recent hours invested in expressing her

51、 loving gratefulness to mewhom she used to diaper!第六单元 Old Behrman was a painter who lived on the ground floor beneath them.He was past sixty and had a long white beard curling down over his chest.Despite looking the pare,Behrman was a failure in art.For forty years he had been always about to paint

52、 a masterpiece,but had never yet begun it.He earned a little by serving as a model to those young artists who could not pay the price of a professional.He drank gin to excess,and still talked of his coming masterpicee.For the rest he was a fierce little old man,who mocked terribly at softness in any

53、 one,and who regarded himself as guard dog to the two young artists in the studio above. Sue found Behrman smelling strongly of gin in his dimly lighted studio below.In one corner was a blank canvas on an easel that had been waiting there for twenty-five years to receive the first line of the master

54、piece.She told him of Johnsys fancy,and how she feared she would,indeed,light and fragile as a leaf herself,float away,when her slight hold upon the world grew weaker.Old Behrman,with his red eyes plainly streaming,shouted his contempt for such foolish imaginings. “What!”he cried.”Are there people in the world foolish enough to die because leafs drop off from a vine?I have never heard of such a thing.Why do you allow such silly ideas to come i