专四应试技巧

1、专四应试技巧专四应试技巧第一项第一项 听力听力n听写部分：听写部分：Dictationn听写的基本考点：拼写能力，数字的能力，单听写的基本考点：拼写能力，数字的能力，单复数，时态，标点符号复数，时态，标点符号,长句意思的理解。长句意思的理解。n一一.首先要特别注意听写的题目首先要特别注意听写的题目帮助了解文章帮助了解文章内容。内容。n二。听第一遍的时候，最好先在草稿上写出每二。听第一遍的时候，最好先在草稿上写出每一句的开头一句的开头，这样的话有助你后面的听写。，这样的话有助你后面的听写。 n语音难度：语音难度： 英式和美式发音有特殊单词的情况。英式和美式发音有特殊单词的情况。nclerk 英英

2、kl:k 美美klk, nschedule英英 edju:l 美美 skdulneither英英 a 美美 i nkilometer英英kilmi:t 美美klmt】nfigure英英 fg 美美 fj nhostess 英英 hstes 美美 hosts nissue英英 sju 美美 u nherbal英英 hb()l 美美 blnleisure英英 le 美美 li ndocile dousail 美美dsl nfertile英英f:tal 美美f:tl nfragile英英frdail 美美frdlnhostile英英hstail 美美hstlnmissile 英英misail 美美m

3、sln五大元音上英式美式的区别：五大元音上英式美式的区别：ndemand half ask but money card currentn每天做一篇听写。每天做一篇听写。http:/ （2003） nEvery year millions of salmon swim from the ocean/ into the mouths of the rivers and then steadily out of the rivers. Passing through waters, around the rocks and waterfalls,/ the fish finally reach t

4、heir original streams or lakes./ They dig up nests in the riverbed and lay their eggs. / Then, exhausted by their journey, the parents salmon die. / They have finished the task that the nature has given them.n 新闻新闻:n每年四月份每年四月份-二月份新闻中文看看，关注中文的新二月份新闻中文看看，关注中文的新闻格式。闻格式。n一。要特别注重新闻报道的第一句话。一。要特别注重新闻报道的第一句

5、话。n新闻导语新闻导语(the news lead)。新闻导语是整条新闻的。新闻导语是整条新闻的高度浓缩形式，听懂了导语，也就知道了新闻的高度浓缩形式，听懂了导语，也就知道了新闻的主要内容。主要内容。n二。了解基本新闻词汇。二。了解基本新闻词汇。n三。对数字要敏感三。对数字要敏感掌握数字的不同读法。掌握数字的不同读法。nbillion(十亿十亿)、million(百万百万)、thousand(千千)、hundred(百百)n1）年号的读法：）年号的读法：数字表示的年份通常分成两半来说。数字表示的年份通常分成两半来说。2000BC读作：读作：two thousand BC1558读作：读作：fi

6、fteen fifty-eight1603读作：读作：sixteen (hundred and) threesixteen o three921读作：读作：nine twenty-one2）电话号码、货币的读法：）电话号码、货币的读法：n1023one o two three；n1227one double two（or two two）seven；n4.25four dollars（and）twenty-five（cents）；）； n quarter ( = 25 cents) , dime ( = 10cents) , nickel( = 5 cents) 。n3）小数点的读法：）小数点

7、的读法：n13.91thirteen decimal（point）nine one；n0.23=nought demical two three；nfour and one half per cent (4.5%) n/one tenth of one per cent (0.1%) n/two tenths of one per cent (0.2%)n one half of one per cent (0.5%)n one fourth of one per cent (0.25%) none third of one per cent (0.3% or 1/3%) n1/3, 读作读作

8、: one third; 2/7 读作读作: two sevenths n0 可以读作可以读作zero, nought, null, nil, nothing, oh。此外此外nil 多见于体育赛事多见于体育赛事,如如: 3: 0 读作读作three nil 或或three to nothing Tips：1.遇到听不懂的地方不要去想它，继续听下去。遇到听不懂的地方不要去想它，继续听下去。 2.不要太在乎特殊难懂的人名及地名。不要太在乎特殊难懂的人名及地名。 3.听力听力 注意选项的迷惑，有时候注意选项的迷惑，有时候太简单的的答案一太简单的的答案一 定不会是它定不会是它。如果。如果有有两个选项

9、基本一样但细节不一样两个选项基本一样但细节不一样，那就一定是在，那就一定是在这两个选项里选这两个选项里选了。了。 4. 听新闻的时候一定要听新闻的时候一定要在听的时候注意选项。在听的时候注意选项。要是你听到了某个选项要是你听到了某个选项里的有关单词，那就是它了。因为新闻不会有太多的转折，它一般里的有关单词，那就是它了。因为新闻不会有太多的转折，它一般是平铺直叙的。是平铺直叙的。 5.学会听长句：关键词，主要结构，理解长句的真正含义：学会听长句：关键词，主要结构，理解长句的真正含义：nEg. Part of the pressure on lawmakers to put stronger pr

10、otections in defined-contribution and savings plans comes from retiree-advocacy groups such as the American Association of Retired Persons.第二项第二项 完型填空完型填空：n常见题型常见题型n1、近义词、近义词 （25%）n2、近形词（、近形词（10%）n3、非近义同类词（、非近义同类词（20%）n4、语篇分析题（、语篇分析题（15%）n5、介词题（、介词题（5%）n6、搭配题（、搭配题（20%）n7、修辞题（、修辞题（5%）n详见详见最新英语专业四级考试指

11、南最新英语专业四级考试指南P.77-82n做题步骤做题步骤：n1、通读理解全文：、通读理解全文：（2-3分钟）n首先要对全文进行通读，（首先要对全文进行通读，（尽量不看选项尽量不看选项）力求理解文章内）力求理解文章内容，同时注意上下文的联系，把握全文的脉络。容，同时注意上下文的联系，把握全文的脉络。n要特别重视文章的第一句、首尾段和每段的首尾句，要特别重视文章的第一句、首尾段和每段的首尾句，因为它因为它们对我们迅速把握文章主旨往往非常有用。们对我们迅速把握文章主旨往往非常有用。 2、仔细阅读，先易后难、仔细阅读，先易后难 （8分钟左右）分钟左右） 在了解文章大意的基础上，根据上下文意思与逻辑逐

12、空试填。在了解文章大意的基础上，根据上下文意思与逻辑逐空试填。在选择答案时，要牢记文章的中心思想并联系前后句的意思，在选择答案时，要牢记文章的中心思想并联系前后句的意思，还要考虑到句子的结构，习惯用法，固定搭配，近义词的区还要考虑到句子的结构，习惯用法，固定搭配，近义词的区别和时态、语态等。首别和时态、语态等。首先选出先选出那些可根据上下文那些可根据上下文确定的、直确定的、直接的、明显的答案接的、明显的答案，如，如固定搭配、常见句型固定搭配、常见句型等。要注意的是等。要注意的是有的空不是一次就可及时填好的有的空不是一次就可及时填好的，可暂时留着，等看完后文，可暂时留着，等看完后文答案就会明朗，

13、有时后文还会有明显的提示，这个后文可能答案就会明朗，有时后文还会有明显的提示，这个后文可能是下句、下段、甚至是文章的最后。是下句、下段、甚至是文章的最后。 3、再次阅读，解决难点、再次阅读，解决难点 （2-3分钟）分钟）在第二步将较有把握的空格填好后，可能会有一空或几在第二步将较有把握的空格填好后，可能会有一空或几个空一时没有把握而暂时未填。这时可在已填空格的基个空一时没有把握而暂时未填。这时可在已填空格的基础上，再次阅读全文，把没有填的空填完。对于个别难础上，再次阅读全文，把没有填的空填完。对于个别难度较大的题，可以凭自己的语感，坚持第一感觉选择答度较大的题，可以凭自己的语感，坚持第一感觉选

14、择答案。案。4.复核全文，避免疏漏复核全文，避免疏漏 （1分钟）分钟） 填空全部做完以后，应把短文再通读一遍，检查一下填填空全部做完以后，应把短文再通读一遍，检查一下填空以后的文章的前后意思空以后的文章的前后意思是否通顺连贯是否通顺连贯，情节是否合理，情节是否合理，语法是否正确。语法是否正确。 如果有某些地方意义含糊或矛盾，就如果有某些地方意义含糊或矛盾，就应该根据文章的中心意思来重新考虑。从语法上，检查应该根据文章的中心意思来重新考虑。从语法上，检查填空的句子是否主谓一致；时态、语态是否正确等。填空的句子是否主谓一致；时态、语态是否正确等。完形填空解题策略一：词义与词形辨析完形填空解题策略一

15、：词义与词形辨析完形填空解题策略二完形填空解题策略二: 辨别篇章的逻辑关系辨别篇章的逻辑关系完形填空解题策略三完形填空解题策略三: 固定搭配或习惯用语固定搭配或习惯用语完形填空解题策略四完形填空解题策略四: 利用词汇重复出现利用词汇重复出现完形填空解题策略五完形填空解题策略五: 利用排除法排除明显干扰利用排除法排除明显干扰项项完形填空解题策略完形填空解题策略二二.辨别篇章的逻辑关系辨别篇章的逻辑关系对语篇的综合理解能力的测试，要求考生正确理对语篇的综合理解能力的测试，要求考生正确理解并判断文章的内在逻辑关系。解并判断文章的内在逻辑关系。n有时完形填空的各选项有时完形填空的各选项同为同为表示一定

16、逻辑关系表示一定逻辑关系或承接关系的词或词组。选项同为单词时或承接关系的词或词组。选项同为单词时首先首先看看四个选项四个选项是否词性相同是否词性相同。若连词、副词混杂，。若连词、副词混杂，先分析原句成分是否完整，先分析原句成分是否完整，可参考可参考标点符号或标点符号或其他连词的存在其他连词的存在。确定所需的词性后确定所需的词性后，再判断，再判断逻辑题在原文中所涉及的范围。逻辑题在原文中所涉及的范围。四四. .利用词汇的重复出现利用词汇的重复出现完形填空语篇中原词、近义词、反义词重复出现完形填空语篇中原词、近义词、反义词重复出现的现象较为常见。一般说来，的现象较为常见。一般说来，选项中出现上下选

17、项中出现上下文中已出现的词汇，文中已出现的词汇，一般就是答案。例如：一般就是答案。例如：(原词原词 复现复现)The normal human daily cycle of activity is of some 7-8 hours sleep alternation with some 16-17 hours wakefulness and that the sleep normally coincides (with) the hours of darkness. Our present concern is with how easily and to what extent this

18、_ can be modified. A. cycle B. period C. circle D. roundn同根词复现同根词复现Eg. India or West Africa, where there is a long 81 of speaking English for general communication purposes, you should On the other hand, if you live in a country where there is no traditional use of English， A) custom B) use C) tradi

19、tion D) habitEg. These firms compete for sales. They try to learn just what the demand will be so that they can supply exactly what the consumers want. _ keeps the quality of goods from falling very low. A. Need B. Competition C. Demand D. Consumer五五.利用排除法排除明显干扰项利用排除法排除明显干扰项 如果不能很有把握的选出答案，可以利用排除法，先将

20、如果不能很有把握的选出答案，可以利用排除法，先将各项带入空白处，排除明显不符句意的选项，从而缩小各项带入空白处，排除明显不符句意的选项，从而缩小选择的范围具体来讲，可以利用如下技巧：选择的范围具体来讲，可以利用如下技巧：判断判断所填词所填词在句中充当在句中充当什么成分什么成分，应是什么，应是什么词性词性，从而，从而排除干扰选项排除干扰选项利用利用上下文的时态语态和语气上下文的时态语态和语气排除不符合要求的干扰选排除不符合要求的干扰选项项利用利用名词的数名词的数来判断各项是否符合句子要求来判断各项是否符合句子要求寻找与空白处寻找与空白处构成搭配的词语构成搭配的词语，从而排除不能与其搭配，从而排除

21、不能与其搭配的词语的词语将将各项带入空白处各项带入空白处将句子将句子译成汉语译成汉语，排除明显不能使句，排除明显不能使句子通顺的选项子通顺的选项nIn the Middle (1)_，people ate and drank at inns called auberges, which were beginning to be built (2)_ the roads, at public houses called taverns, and at cabarets in the towns. At first, taverns were allowed to serve nothing (3

22、)_ drinks. Later they were allowed to (4)_ foods such as appetizer (which they bought from delicatessens outside, like a charcuterie or rotisserie), but they were (5)_ to employ chefs in order to serve prepared dishes. Under the influence of cabarets, (6)_, which were allowed to serve meals, taverns

23、, too, gradually came to serve (7)_ meals, and the differences between them (8)_. n1. A. Times B. Ages n C. Periods D. Eran2. A. on B. along n C. in D. atn3. A. but B. only n C. just D. besidesn4. A. serve B. service n C. provide D. offern5. A. allowed B. forbid n C. denied D. forbiddenn6. A as well

24、 as B. but n C. however D. furthermoren7. A. considerate B. substantialn C. concrete D. staplen8. A. appeared B. came by n C disappeared D. zoomed inBBAADCBCPassage 1第三项第三项 语法及词汇语法及词汇*总共总共30题，分值题，分值15分，时间分，时间15分钟分钟*语法题语法题15道，词汇题道，词汇题15道道*语法居前，词汇居后语法居前，词汇居后语法语法n虚拟语气虚拟语气 n时态时态与语态与语态n主谓一致主谓一致n非谓语动词非谓语动

25、词n情态动词情态动词n定语从句定语从句 （+状语从句状语从句+名词性从句）名词性从句）n反义疑问句反义疑问句n专四特色短语专四特色短语+句型句型n专四特殊句型：专四特殊句型：A is to B what C is to D:neg. n比较结构的特殊句型比较结构的特殊句型 not more than no less than etc. than 句型句型 倍数表达倍数表达n其他常见特殊短语其他常见特殊短语 nothing but只不过，只有只不过，只有 anything but并不，根本不并不，根本不 such as到如此程度以致到如此程度以致lShe is nothing but beaut

26、iful.lShe is anything but beautiful.lHe was anything but pleased when he heard this. lThe more I think about him, the more reason I find for loving him as much as I did.l我越是想他，就越能找到我之所以那么爱他的原因。我越是想他，就越能找到我之所以那么爱他的原因。lHis illness is not such as to cause anxiety. 他的病还没有严重到令人担心的地步。他的病还没有严重到令人担心的地步。(1)n

27、ot so muchas与其说与其说不如说不如说 The chief reason for the population growth isnt so much a rise in birth rates as a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in medical care.(2)no/not any morethan两者一样都不两者一样都不 The heart is no more intelligent than the stomach, for they are both controlled by the brain.

28、事实上心脏并不比肚子聪明事实上心脏并不比肚子聪明,因为他们都由大脑控制。因为他们都由大脑控制。 There is no reason they should limit how much vitamin you take, any more than they can limit how much water you drink.他们没有理由限制你服用多少维生素，就像他们不能他们没有理由限制你服用多少维生素，就像他们不能限制你喝多少水一样。限制你喝多少水一样。 (3)no /not any lessthan两者一样都两者一样都,前不前不会比后不会比后不 She is no less beaut

29、iful than her sister.(4)（Just） asso.正如正如，也也 Just as we sweep our rooms， so， we should sweep backward ideas out of our minds.n2012 语法题：主谓一致语法题：主谓一致2题，情态动词题，情态动词2题，题，（shall的特殊用法）其他都是从句的考点的特殊用法）其他都是从句的考点n主谓一致：主谓一致是指：主谓一致：主谓一致是指： 1） 语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。致。 2） 意义上要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓意义上

30、要一致，即主语意义上的单复数要与谓语的单复数形式一致。语的单复数形式一致。 3） 就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠就近原则，即谓语动词的单复形式取决于最靠近它的词语，近它的词语，n非正式文体中非正式文体中，有时依照就近一致原则，但也可依，有时依照就近一致原则，但也可依“意义意义一致原则一致原则”：nNeither she nor i were there我和他当时都不在哪儿（意我和他当时都不在哪儿（意义一致原则）非正式义一致原则）非正式nNeither she nor i was there。（就近一致）正式。（就近一致）正式n但是，如果依照就近原则，而与其他原则（意义一致原则，但是，

31、如果依照就近原则，而与其他原则（意义一致原则，语法一致原则）相矛盾时，则常常认为不太合规范）语法一致原则）相矛盾时，则常常认为不太合规范）nNo one except his supporters agree with him.（就近）（就近）n语法上：语法上：No one才是真正的主语要改才是真正的主语要改agreesn51. Which of the following sentences is INCORRECT? （2012）nA. Twenty miles seems like a long walk to him. nB. No one except his supporters

32、agree with him. nC. Neither Julia nor I were going to the party. nD. Few students in my class are really lazy.n词汇部分：词汇部分：n1）动词与介词及副词的搭配、名词与介词，形容词和）动词与介词及副词的搭配、名词与介词，形容词和介词的搭配介词的搭配n2）习惯用法）习惯用法n3）由同一动词构成的短语）由同一动词构成的短语n4）单个的动词、抽象名词、形容词和副词）单个的动词、抽象名词、形容词和副词 n5）介词短语在句中作状语）介词短语在句中作状语n6）近形词，近义词的辨析）近形词，近义词的

33、辨析(在在cloze中也会考到）中也会考到）n7）一词多义）一词多义nTip:至少做十年以上的真题，因为考点往往重复。至少做十年以上的真题，因为考点往往重复。词汇题词汇题n58. We should make a clear _ between competent and proficient for the purposes of our discussion. （2000） A. separation B. division C. distinction D. difference n56. Being colour-blind, Sally cant make a _between re

34、d and green. （2001） A. difference B. distinction C. comparison D. division n63. During the summer holiday season it is difficult to find a(n) _ room in the hotels here.(2002) A. empty B. vacant C.free D. desertedn60. During the summer holiday season there are no _ rooms in this seaside hotel.（2003）

35、A.empty B.blank C.deserted D.vacant n57.Jimmy earns his living by _ works of art in the museum.（2004） A. recovering B. restoring C. renewing D. reviving67 A great amount of work has gone into _ the Cathedral to its previous splendour. （2006）A refreshing B restoring C renovating D renewing n80 The co

36、uple has donated a not_ amount of money to the foundation. （2006） A inconsiderable B inconsiderate C inaccurate D incomparable n67. On the road motorists should be aware of cyclists and be _ towards them. （2008） A. considerable B. considering C. considerate D. consideredn62.He plays tennis to the _

37、of all other sports.（2004） A. eradication B. exclusion C. extension D. inclusion n68. The bar in the club is for the _B_ use of its members. （2007）A.extensive B.exclusive C.inclusive D. comprehensive第四项第四项 阅读理解阅读理解n常见设题点常见设题点n一、篇首、篇尾、段首、段尾处常考一、篇首、篇尾、段首、段尾处常考n二、特殊标点处常考：二、特殊标点处常考：nThere was nothing mu

38、ch I wanted to eat: the remains of a bunch of celery, a blue-tinged heel of bread, a lemon going soft. Ive fallen into the habits of the solitary; my meals are snatched and random.nThe author didnt like the food in the refrigerator because it was NOT _.nA. fresh B. sufficient C. nutritious D. delici

39、ous三、语义转折处常考三、语义转折处常考四、列举、举例或打比方处常考四、列举、举例或打比方处常考五、因果关系处常考五、因果关系处常考六、复杂句、特殊句处常考六、复杂句、特殊句处常考七、否定处常考七、否定处常考八、文中人物观点处常考八、文中人物观点处常考解题技巧解题技巧n一、同义转述为解一、同义转述为解 Sending a child to school in England is a step which many parents do not find easy to take. In theory, at least, the problem is that there are very

40、 many choices to make.nParents find choosing a school hard because_.nA. there is a limited number of choicesnB. some schools are very expensivenC. some schools are government schoolsnD. they are faced with a variety of offersnKey:D二。注意题目细节为解二。注意题目细节为解It was not until the 13th and 14th centuries that

41、 surnames became fixed, although for many years after that, the degree of stability in family names varied considerably in different parts of the country.We learn from the first paragraph _ for many years after the 13th and 14th centuries.A. family names became descriptive and occupational B. people

42、 in some areas still had no surnamesC. some people kept changing their surnamesD. all family names became fixed in EnglandKey. c n三、照抄原文信息不为解三、照抄原文信息不为解nSince the early 1930s, Swiss banks had prided themselves on their system of banking secrecy and numbered accounts.nSwiss banks took pride in _.nthe

43、 number of their accountsnwithholding client informationnbeing mysterious to the outsidersnattracting wealthy foreign clients四、与原句内容相似但四、与原句内容相似但过于绝对化过于绝对化的不为解的不为解only, everything, all, none, must, never, alone, everyone, each, entirely, absolute, any, have to, no, completelyBy 2005, nearly all coll

44、ege texts and many high school and junior high books will be tied to Internet sites that provide source material, study exercises and relevant news articles to aid in learning.nWhich of the following statements is INCORRECT according to the passage?nBy 2005 all college and school study materials wil

45、l turn electronic.nBy 2005 printed college and school study materials will be supplemented with electronic material.nBy 2005 some college and school study materials will be accompanied by CD-ROMs.nBy 2005 Internet links make worldwide library search a possibility.nDn五、含有模糊性的概括词往往是解五、含有模糊性的概括词往往是解som

46、e, sometimes, certain, someone, morethan, lessSurprisingly, no one knows how many children receive education in English hospitals, still less the content or quality of that education. Proper records are just not kept.nThe author points out at the beginning that _.nA. every child in hospital receives

47、 some teachingn B. not enough is known about hospital teachingn C. hospital teaching is of poor qualityn D. the special childrens hospitals are worst off第六项第六项 作文作文n结构要合理结构要合理（三段论的首尾段篇幅基本相当，首尾（三段论的首尾段篇幅基本相当，首尾段要写精彩，尾段不是对首段简单地重复）段要写精彩，尾段不是对首段简单地重复）n内容丰富内容丰富（论证时，理由至少有两点。避免用几句（论证时，理由至少有两点。避免用几句话说明一个例子。

48、有例子的话一句话概括）话说明一个例子。有例子的话一句话概括）n语言上，逻辑上的衔接词。句式要丰富语言上，逻辑上的衔接词。句式要丰富，多用，多用从句从句。适当用适当用插入语，倒装句插入语，倒装句。能。能用词组表达用词组表达的就不用句的就不用句子。避免明显的语言错误。子。避免明显的语言错误。nThe bicycle is important for us. nThe bicycle is of importance for us. nThe bicycle plays an important role in our life. nThe bicycle, environmental friend

49、liness vehicle, plays an important role in our life. nThe bicycle is like the air, water, and sunshine and cannot be parted with a moment in our life. 英语写作中典型的病句英语写作中典型的病句n一一 不一致（不一致（Disagreements）n所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致，它还包括了数所谓不一致不光指主谓不一致，它还包括了数的不一致时态不一致及代词不一致等的不一致时态不一致及代词不一致等n例例 When one have money ,he ca

50、n do what he want to .n改成：改成：Once one has money ,he can do what he wants (to do).二二 句子不完整（句子不完整（Sentence Fragments）n例例 There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV, radio, newspaper and so on . 改为：改为：There are many ways to know society, for example, by TV, radio, and newspaper.三三 悬垂修饰语

51、（悬垂修饰语（Dangling Modifiers）n所谓悬垂修饰语是指所谓悬垂修饰语是指句首的短语句首的短语与与后面句子的后面句子的逻辑关系逻辑关系混乱不清混乱不清n例如：例如：At the age of ten, my grandfather died. n改为：改为：When I was ten, my grandfather died. n例例 To do well in college, good grades are essential.句中不定式短语句中不定式短语 “to do well in college” 的逻的逻辑主语不清楚辑主语不清楚改为：改为：To do well in college, a student needs good grades. 四四 词性误用词性误用(Misuse of Parts of Speech)n“词性误用词性误用”常表现为：介词当动词用；形容常表现为：介词当动词用；形容词当副词用；名词当动词用等词当副词用；名词当动词用等例例 None can negative the im