nuclearenergy

1、EST Reading - Unit 10Unit 10 Nuclear EnergyEST Reading - Unit 10Learning Objectivesu Cultivate your interest in learning about the advanced theories in nuclear fields u Enlarge your vocabulary related to the subjectu Read English scientific article about the history of nuclear power plant historyu E

2、nrich your vocabulary related to the subject of nuclear energy u Realize how a nuclear power plant works EST Reading - Unit 10Lead in: Brainstorming What do you have in your mind when it comes to nuclear power plants? EST Reading - Unit 10Lead in: Brainstorming When asked about nuclear power plants,

3、 you may say that you know something as follows:International Atomic Energy Agency 国际原子能机构国际原子能机构 nuclear disasters 核灾难核灾难 nuclear energy 核能核能 Unit 10 Physics nuclear energy policy 核能政策核能政策 nuclear engineering 核工程核工程 nuclear explosion 核爆炸核爆炸 nuclear fallout 核微粒飘降物核微粒飘降物 nuclear fission 核裂变核裂变Unit 10

4、 Physics nuclear fuel 核燃料核燃料 nuclear fusion 核聚变核聚变 nuclear meltdown 核泄漏核泄漏 nuclear physics 核物理核物理 nuclear reaction 核反应核反应Unit 10 Physics nuclear reactor 核反应堆核反应堆 nuclear weapon 核武器核武器 cold fusion 冷聚变冷聚变 containment building 安全壳安全壳Unit 10 PhysicsPictures Nuclear Power Planta nuclear power plant核电站是利用

5、核分核电站是利用核分裂裂(Nuclear Fission)或核融合或核融合(Nuclear Fusion)反应所释放的的能反应所释放的的能量产生电能的发电量产生电能的发电厂。目前商业运转厂。目前商业运转中的核能发电厂都中的核能发电厂都是利用核分裂反应是利用核分裂反应而发电。而发电。 Unit 10 PhysicsNuclear Power Plant核电站以核反应堆来代核电站以核反应堆来代替火电站的锅炉，以核替火电站的锅炉，以核燃料在核反应堆中发生燃料在核反应堆中发生特殊形式的特殊形式的“燃烧燃烧”产产生热量，来加热水使之生热量，来加热水使之变成蒸汽。蒸汽通过管变成蒸汽。蒸汽通过管路进入汽轮机

6、，推动汽路进入汽轮机，推动汽轮发电机发电。一般说轮发电机发电。一般说来，核电站的汽轮发电来，核电站的汽轮发电机及电器设备与普通火机及电器设备与普通火电站大同小异，其奥妙电站大同小异，其奥妙主要在于核反应堆。主要在于核反应堆。 a sample nuclear fuel component elementUnit 10 PhysicsNuclear Power Planta nuclear reactor, the central part of a nuclear power plantUnit 10 PhysicsOur Universethe inside of a nuclear pow

7、er plantUnit 10 PhysicsOur UniverseA reporter, receiving radiative examination before he leaves the nuclear factory just visited Unit 10 PhysicsTeaching Procedures1 While-reading Task (1)2 Post-reading Task (1)3Discourse Understanding (1)4Pre-reading Task (1)Unit 10 PhysicsPre-reading TaskWhat is a

8、nuclear power plant? Explain it in English rather than in Chinese.1 A nuclear power plant is a place where people make electricity with heat from nuclear reactions. Where the nuclear reaction happens is called reactor. Electricity made by nuclear power plants has a special name, nuclear power.Unit 1

9、0 PhysicsPre-reading Task Nuclear power plants are usually located near water, that the heat reactors make may be removed conveniently, and this is usually accomplished by a special part called cooling towers. Nuclear power plants usually use as fuel radioactive elements such as uranium. When the re

10、actor is on, uranium atoms inside the reactor split into two smaller atoms and give off a large amount of heat. This splitting of atoms is called fission.1Unit 10 PhysicsPre-reading Task What are the elements most frequently used in nuclear power plants?2The most popular atoms to fission are uranium

11、 and plutonium(钚). Though uranium atoms are slightly radioactive, radioactivity of the atoms produced when uranium breaks apart are strong. Today, fission only happens in nuclear reactors in a well arranged scheme. Nuclear power plants turn their reactors off to replace old fuel with new fuel.Unit 1

12、0 PhysicsPre-reading TaskGet to know nuclear reactor, the central and distinct part of a nuclear power plant.3The nuclear reactor is the central part of a nuclear power plant. In it, heat is produced by nuclear fission. When the heat is changed into steam in steam generator and the steam is used to

13、power electric turbines(汽轮机), there comes out electricity. Different fuels are used according to the special design of the nuclear reactor. Most often, uranium-235 or plutonium-239 are the main components of fuels.Unit 10 PhysicsPre-reading Task3While most nuclear reactors are used to produce electr

14、icity, some are for other purposes, for instance, making neutrons for science research, making radioactive isotopes, etc. Some universities have small nuclear reactors to teach students how reactors work.Unit 10 PhysicsPre-reading Task3The Susquehanna Steam Electric Station（哈纳蒸汽发电站）, a boiling water

15、 reactor. The reactors are located inside the rectangular containment buildings towards the front of the cooling towers.Unit 10 PhysicsPre-reading Task3Three nuclear powered ships, (top to bottom) nuclear cruisers USS Bainbridge and USS Long Beach with USS Enterprise the first nuclear powered aircra

16、ft carrier in 1964. Crew members are spelling out Einsteins mass-energy equivalence formula E = mc2 on the flight deck.Unit 10 PhysicsPre-reading TaskA sketch map of how a nuclear power plant works the way a nuclear power plant works4Unit 10 PhysicsText Analysis Part I How it works (The mechanism of

17、 nuclear energy production)Nuclear energy is produced when the nucleus of an uranium atom is hit by a neutron traveling at the right speed, which is called nuclear fission.Unit 10 PhysicsQuestions 1. At what time and by what was nuclear energy produced? 2. What was nuclear energy used for in 1940s?

18、And what was nuclear energy used for in 1950s? 3. What was nuclear energy used for since 1960s?Unit 10 Physics Part II Discovery and the birth of an industryNuclear energy produced by nuclear fission was recognized in the late 1930s. In the 1940s, nuclear energy was used for building atomic bombs. In the 1950s, it began to be used for a peaceful purpose. But starting from the mid-1960s, when larger and larger nuclear power plants began to be built, ser