名词性从句整理稿

1、We can see that the students are playing cellphones in class.What they are doing makes the teacher very unhappy.The reason is that her students are not listening to her.I want to know whether you will do it like these students.宾语从句宾语从句主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句宾语从句宾语从句The fact that students play cellphones in

2、 class is very common.同位语从句同位语从句请大声朗读下列几组例句 常规主语从句常规主语从句1. What I saw was beyond any verbal description. 2. That his hair was turning grey worried him a bit. 3. Why the company denied the contract is still unknown. 4. When and where the government will build a city square is under discussion. 非常规主语从

3、句非常规主语从句5. It is a pity that we wont be able to go to the south to spend our summer vacation.6. It is pretty annoying that a small part of the machine is missing. 7. It remains to be seen whether the new novel will be well received. 8. It is known to all that the gun powder was first invented by the

4、 Chinese. 9. It is suggested that the work (should) be done with great care.主语从句主语从句. 用用it 作形式主语的结构作形式主语的结构(1) It is 名词名词 从句从句 It is a fact that It is an honor that It is common knowledge that(2) It is 形容词形容词 从句从句 It is natural that It is strange that(3) It is 不及物动词不及物动词 从句从句 It seems that It happen

5、ed that It appears that(4) It 过去分词过去分词 从句从句 It is reported that It has been proved that It is said that （5) 虚拟虚拟语气：语气：It is necessary (important, natural, strange, etc.) that It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that 主语从句主语从句1. 作动词的宾语作动词的宾语 （时态，语序，连接词）（时态，语序，连接词） 1) 由由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾

6、语从句(that 通常可以省略通常可以省略) I heard that he joined the army. The teacher told us that the earth moves around the sun. 2) 由由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句 a) She did not know what had happened. b) I wonder whether you can change this note for me. 3) 动词间接宾语宾语从句动词间接宾语宾语从句 She told me that she would accep

7、t my invitation. 4）动词一个坚持）动词一个坚持insist，两个命令，两个命令order, command, 三个建议三个建议suggest, propose, advice, 四个要求四个要求ask, require, request, demand等用等用虚拟虚拟语气语气 (suggestsuggestedsuggestion) I insist that she (should) do her work alone.宾语宾语从句从句 2. 作介词的宾语作介词的宾语 Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate wi

8、th one another. 3. 作形容词的宾语作形容词的宾语 I am afraid (that) Ive made a mistake.表语从句。表语从句。 10.Our problem is where we can find more help . 11.My advice is that you should practice speaking English every day. 12.This is what I want to tell you . 13.That was why he was late for the meeting.It做形式宾语做形式宾语动词动词 fi

9、nd, feel, consider, make, believe等后面有宾语补足语的时候等后面有宾语补足语的时候,则需要用则需要用it做形式宾语而将做形式宾语而将that宾语从句后置宾语从句后置.I think it necessary that we take plenty of hot water every day .I feel it a pity that I havent been to the get-together.I have made it a rule that I keep diaries. We all find it important that we (sho

10、uld) make a quick decision about this mater. 否定前移否定前移主句的谓语动词是主句的谓语动词是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等等,并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时并且主句的主语是第一人称而且为一般现在时,从句从句的否定词一般要转移到主句上来的否定词一般要转移到主句上来,其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一其反义疑问句一般与宾语从句一致致.I dont think he will come to my party. (试变反意疑问句）试变反意疑问句）I t

11、old you he isnt strong. (试变反意疑问句）试变反意疑问句） 表语从句的最重要脸谱就是它们应该出现在系动词（ be, look, remain, seem ）的后面，常用结构有the reason is that ，it is because ，that is why.，that is the reason why. ，this is where (when, how, etc.) 。 1. The only question left is how often the workers are paid. 2. His idea for the coming weeken

12、d is that we go skating. 3. This is where I was born and brought up. 表语从句表语从句抽象名词，即抽象名词，即“有内容的名词有内容的名词”需要进一步解释，如需要进一步解释，如fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, belief, thought, doubt等，由等，由that引导时，引导时，that不可以不可以省略。省略。1. That fact that the policeman didnt fire at the man at all was ignor

13、ed. 2. Do you have any idea what is going on in the classroom. 3. The possibility that we can work at home makes everybody excited. 4. Word came that he would be the next president of China.同位语从句同位语从句从属连词从属连词：that， whether /if连接副词连接副词 :when, where, how, why连接代词连接代词 :who ，what ，which, whatever, which

14、ever, whoever名词性从句引导词的选择三步骤名词性从句引导词的选择三步骤 步骤一：步骤一：如果从句中缺少主语，或者宾语，如果从句中缺少主语，或者宾语，或者表语，则考虑用或者表语，则考虑用连接代词；连接代词； What,who ,which ,whose ,whatever 步骤二：步骤二：如果从句中既不缺少主语，宾语，如果从句中既不缺少主语，宾语，也不缺少表语，但是缺少一定意义的状语，也不缺少表语，但是缺少一定意义的状语，则考虑用则考虑用连接副词；连接副词；where,when,why,how 步骤三：步骤三：如果既不缺少主语，宾语，表语，如果既不缺少主语，宾语，表语，也不缺少状语，

15、则考虑用从属连词。也不缺少状语，则考虑用从属连词。 that,whether,if,as if_makes the teacher angry is _the child doesnt know the answer.WhatthatThe news _Liu Xiang won the 110 hurdlesbrought Chinese great happiness.Liu Xiangthat 1.The news came _Moyan won the Nobel prize for literature. 2.The reason_ we are so happy is _ Moya

16、n is the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize .thatwhythatWhen shall we meet?When shall we meet?It depends on you.It depends on you.When When we shallwe shall meet depends meet depends on you.on you.We bring many things here.Those can be kept in the cabinet.What we bring here can be kept in t

17、he cabinet.Her hair was turning grey.It worried her.That her hair was turning grey worried her.He said something at the meeting.It shocked everybody.What he said at the meetingshocked everybody.一一. 同位语从句属名词性从句，即所引导的从句相当同位语从句属名词性从句，即所引导的从句相当于一个于一个“名词名词”；定语从句相当于一个；定语从句相当于一个“形容词形容词” 二二. that 在定语从句中做成分（

18、代词），作宾语时在定语从句中做成分（代词），作宾语时可以省；在同位语从句中不做成分（连词），不能可以省；在同位语从句中不做成分（连词），不能省。省。1. The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year. (定）定）2. The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. （同）（同）练：练：The fact has worried many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.

19、辨析一：同位语从句辨析一：同位语从句vs定语从句定语从句thatIt is impossible that we can persuade him to join us. (主语从句主语从句) It is with Toms help that we were able to persuade him to join us. (强调句型强调句型)辨析二：主语从句辨析二：主语从句vsvs强调句型强调句型判断强调句判断强调句 1基本式：基本式： It was on the top of the mountain that we met the foreign tourist. 2. 一般疑问句式：

20、一般疑问句式： Was it on the top of the mountain that you met the foreign tourist? 3. 特殊疑问句式：特殊疑问句式： Where was it that you met the foreign tourist? 4复合句式：复合句式： Can you tell me where it was that you met the foreign tourist? 判断强调句判断强调句 4复合句式：复合句式： Can you tell me where it was that you met the foreign tourist

21、? 5套定语从句式：套定语从句式： It was in the house which was built by his father that he was born. 6. 套定语从句加省略式：套定语从句加省略式： Where did you meet the foreign tourist? It was in the hotel where we lived (that we met the foreign tourist). what 在从句中作的主语、宾语、表语；在从句中作的主语、宾语、表语；that不作成分，无意义，不作成分，无意义， 不可省不可省（主语从句和同（主语从句和同位语

22、从句中不可省；宾语从句和表语从句中可位语从句中不可省；宾语从句和表语从句中可省）。省）。1. What he couldnt understand was why his teacher was never satisfied with him. 2. The matter of salary is what I care most if I decide to change my profession. 3. I think that your composition is no better than his. 4. That you dont love her is not my bus

23、iness.辨析三：辨析三： that that 和和whatwhat1.他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。他是怎么成功的仍然是个谜。How was he successful is still a puzzle. ( )How he was successful is still a puzzle. ( )2.你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？你能告诉我他住在什么地方吗？Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )FTTF一、名词性从句的语序一、名词性从句的语序 3. He asked me w

24、hat was the matter with me. ( ) T判断下列句子是否正确，（判断下列句子是否正确，（T or F）陈述语序陈述语序辨析四：陈述语序辨析四：陈述语序 or or 疑问语序疑问语序no matter wh-只能引导状语从句，不能引导名词性只能引导状语从句，不能引导名词性从句。从句。wh-ever则二者兼收，来去自由。则二者兼收，来去自由。1. Whoever breaks the rules will be punished. (主语主语从句从句)2. Whoever/ No matter who breaks the rules, he/she will be pu

25、nished. (状语从句状语从句)3. Dont believe whatever he tells you. (宾语从句宾语从句)4. Dont believe him, whatever/ no matter what he tells you. (状语从句状语从句)辨析五：辨析五：no matter wh-no matter wh-和和wh-everwh-ever名词性从句改错1.The fact which she had not said anything surprised all of us. 2.What the boy didnt take medicine made hi

26、s mother angry. 3.If well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. thatThatWhether4.What he really means is what he disagrees with us. 5.When well finish translating the book depend on the time. thatdepends考点考点3. 区别区别if 与与whether 1. I dont know _ Ill be free tomorrow.2. I dont know _ or not Ill b

27、e free tomorrow.3. The question is _ this book is worth reading.whether / ifwhetherwhether4. It depends on _ we will have enough money.5. _ they can do it matters little to us.6. _ you are not free tomorrow, Ill go without you.whetherWhetherIf Remember it名词性从句中一般情况只用名词性从句中一般情况只用whetherwhether，表示，表示“

28、是否是否”不用不用if if ， if用于条件句中表示用于条件句中表示“如果如果”1.他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。他犯了那样一个错误真是遗憾。_ is a pity .2.他来不来不重要。他来不来不重要。_doesnt matter.It doesnt matter whetherThat he made such a mistakeIt is a pity that 考点考点 ：it作形式主语作形式主语Whether he will come or not主语从句放在句首，句子显得笨重，因此一般把它移主语从句放在句首，句子显得笨重，因此一般把它移到句子后面，前面用引导词到句子后面，前面用引导词“it”来作形式主语。来作形式主语。1.That the earth moves around the sun is known to us all. It is known to us all th