第二章 拉伸压缩、剪切

1、Chapter2 2022-4-222Chapter22022-4-223 2022-4-2242022-4-2252022-4-226 FFFF2022-4-227mmFF2022-4-228mmFFNmmFF2022-4-229mmFFmmFFN2022-4-2210FNmmFFmmFFNmFm2022-4-2211FNmFFmmFFNmFm2022-4-2212xFNO2022-4-2213CABD600300500400E40kN55kN 25kN20kN2022-4-2214CABD600300500400E40kN55kN 25kN20kNCABDE40kN55kN 25kN20k

2、NFRAkN100202555400RR AAxFFF2022-4-2215CABDE40kN55kN 25kN20kN10R1N AFF)()kN(10R1N AFF2022-4-2216 F40kNFN220kNCABDE40kN55kN 25kNF2040R2N AFF)()kN(5040R2N AFF2022-4-2217FN320kN25kNCABDE40kN55kN 25kN20kNF30 02 20 02 25 53 3 NF)()kN(53N F2022-4-221820kNFN440kN55kN 25kN20kNF4)(kN)204N F2022-4-22195010520+

3、CABD600300500400E40kN55kN 25kN20kN(kN)50Nmax F2022-4-2220FFabcd2022-4-2221FFabcda b c d 2022-4-2222 F FN2022-4-2223AFN 2022-4-2224Fkk F coscos AFAFpFkkFp AFp cosAA FF 2022-4-2225 2coscosp sinsin22p Fkk FFkkxn p2022-4-2226 Fkk FFkkxn p2022-4-2227 max2 2 max2 2 min0 00 0 ,2coscospsinsin22p xnFkk 2022-

4、4-2228Nmaxmax AFNmax FA NmaxAF AFmaxN 2022-4-2229FABCFF3000400037024021kNN50501 1 FFkNN1 15 50 03 32 2 FF2022-4-2230FABCFF300040003702402150kN150kNMPa.N/m.2N8 87 70 01 10 08 87 70 02 24 40 02 24 40 05 50 00 00 00 06 61 11 11 1 AF MPa.N/m.2N1 11 110101 11 137370 037370 01500001500006 62 22 22 2 AF ma

5、x 2022-4-2231ABCF1m2022-4-2232ABCF1mFAxy2022-4-2233FAxy0 030300 01 1 FFFysinN0 00 01 12 2 cos30NNFFFxFFFF7327321 12 22 21 1.NN 22mm6 62 26 61 11 10 02 28 86 60 02 21 14 43 30 01 10 02 21 17 72 22 21 10 08 86 6 AA2022-4-2234AFmaxN FFFF732. 122N1N kN.N2 24 43 36 69 91 11 1 AF kN.N2 20 04 48 86 62 22 2

6、 AF kN.N6 61 18 84 42 21 11 1 FFkN.N7 72 28 80 07 73 32 21 12 22 2 FF2022-4-22352aaFABDC2022-4-22362aaFABDCCDFACBFFMCDA230N /N232119MPa4CDFFAd N AFCDCD2022-4-2237F=33.5kN2aaFABDCCDFACB2 23 3FAFCD N N AFCDCD/N 2 23 3FFACD / 2324dF 2022-4-2238 2022-4-22392022-4-2240 dl标距标距2022-4-2241FOlefhabcddgfl0202

7、2-4-2242 p E p fOfha2022-4-2243e p fOfhab es 2022-4-2244 s b b e p fOfhabce2022-4-2245 s b e p fOfhabce2022-4-2246 %1 10 00 01 1 lll %1001001 1 AAA 2022-4-2247 abcefOgfhdd2022-4-2248pe abcdefOdgfhd2022-4-2249 2022-4-2250 0.2 0.20.2% tan E2 20 0. oO /MPa/% 2022-4-22512022-4-2252dh0 03 35 51 1. dh2022

8、-4-2253 sO 2022-4-2254O /% 2022-4-2255nu ssn bbn 2022-4-2256max max 2022-4-2257max max Kmax 2022-4-2258 FFbh h1 lllll 1 12022-4-2259bbbbb 1 1 FFbhh1 bbb 12022-4-2260 AFN ll E EAlFlN 2022-4-2261F1F2F3l1l2l3ABCD2022-4-2262F1F2F3l1l2l3ABCDF1FN1)(kN2001N1N1 FFF2022-4-2263F2F1FN2F1F2F3l1l2l3ABCD)(kN1502N

9、2N21 FFFFFFN3)(kN5003NR3N FFFD2022-4-2264FN2 =-15kN （-）FN1 =20kN （+）FN3 =- 50kN （-）15+-2050F1F2F3l1l2l3ABCD2022-4-2265FN2 =-15kN ( - )FN1 =20kN （+）FN3 =- 50kN ( - )F1F2F3l1l2l3ABCD)(MPa.N 8 81761761 11 1AFAB )(MPa.N 6 674742 22 2AFBC )(MPa.N 5 51 11 10 03 33 3AFDC 2022-4-2266F1F2F3l1l2l3ABCDm102.534

10、-N 1 11 11 1EAlFlABm101.424-N 2 22 22 2EAlFlBCm101.584-N 3 33 33 3EAlFlCD-0.3mm BCCDBllumm10-0.474- CDBCABADllll2022-4-2267ABC12 2022-4-2268ABC12 , ,FyA12 x0coscos00sinsin02N1N1N2N FFFFFFFyx cos22N1NFFF 2022-4-2269AABC12 ABC12 cosNEAFlEAlFll2 21 11 12 21 1 2022-4-2270ABC12 A A2 2A1Al 1 12AAAAA )(mm2

11、93. 1cos2cos21 EAFllAAA2022-4-2271F FA12x30yA1 1l 12mABCF301 12 2FFFF732. 122N1N A2 2l 2mm.mm.NN7657650 01981981 12 22 22 22 22 21 11 11 11 11 1 EAlFlAAEAlFlAA2022-4-22723030AA1A2l 1l 2A30A1 1l 12mABCF301 12 2A2 2l 2A330cos1222llAAAAAA 30sin30tantan3012232llAAAA mm.)()(7 78 83 32 23 32 22 22 23 3 AA

12、AAAA2022-4-22732022-4-22742022-4-2275CABDF 1 12 23 3xyFA 2 21 10 0NNFFFx 0coscos03N2N1N FFFFFy 2022-4-2276CABDF 1 12 23 3xyFA CABD 1 12 23 32022-4-22773 3l A1 12 23 3 CABDF 1 12 23 3CABD 1 12 23 31 1l cos3 31 1ll 1 11 11 11 1EAlFlN 3 33 33 33 3AElFl cosN 2 23 33 33 31 1cosNNAEEAFF 2022-4-2278CABDF 1

13、 12 23 33 3l A1 12 23 3 1 1l 2 23 33 32 21 12 21 1coscosNNAEAEFFF 2 21 1NNFF 0 03 32 21 1 FFFFNNNcoscos 2 23 33 33 31 1cosNNAEEAFF 2 23 33 33 32 21 1cosNAEEAFF 2022-4-2279ABCF3aal212022-4-2280ABCF3aal21FABC3aa21FN1FN2FN3F 0 xF0 xF 0 0yF03N2N1N FFFF 0 0BM0 02 22 21 1 aFaFNN2022-4-2281ABCF3aal21ABCl 3

14、l 2l 1ABC3212 23 31 12 2 lll 1 11 11 11 1EAlFlN EAlFl3 33 3N EAlFl2 22 2N 2 23 31 12 2NNNFFF 2022-4-2282ABCF3aal21ABCl 3l 2l 1ABC321N2N3N1FFF2 2 0 0 xF0 0 FFFFN3N2N102N2N1 aFaF6/53/6/N3N2N1FFFFFF 2022-4-2283 AABCD 2 21 13 3l2022-4-2284 AABCD 2 21 13 3ll 3l 13 3l1l3l 1cosl cos1 13 3ll3 33 33 31 11 11

15、 1AElFlAElFlN3N1cos 2022-4-2285 AABCD 2 21 13 3ll 3 l 1 2 21 11 13 33 3cosN1N3AElFAElF0coscos0sinsinN2N1N3N2N1 FFFFF 2022-4-2286ABC12aaB1A1C1l3C1C2022-4-2287l3C1CABC12B1C1A1ell 3 31 12022-4-2288aaxEAlFl1 11 1N1 3 33 33 3AElFlN3 AElFeAElFN1N3 3 33 3CAB0 0 N2N1N3FFFN2N1FF 2022-4-2289AB2022-4-2290 ABAB

16、B0 0 lAB2022-4-2291ABAB0 0 FTlllEAlFlBFR lTllT EAlFlTBlR TEAFlBR TEAFlBTR BAB2022-4-2292（FFFFFF2022-4-2293mFFAB d 1 1 12022-4-2294nnFF2022-4-2295nnFF2022-4-2296mmF剪切面剪切面FS FFmm00S FFFxFF SAFS 2022-4-2297mmF剪切面剪切面FFmm AFSnu u 2022-4-2298FFFF2022-4-2299FF bsbsbs AFAFbsbs 2022-4-22100 hbsAdh2022-4-2210

17、1 bsbs FA bsbs SFA AFbsbs SFA u 2022-4-22102bhlMeFMee2MdF kNe5 57 71 10 07 70 01 10 02 22 22 23 33 3 dMF2022-4-22103 MPa6 .281010020105763SblFAFFF S bsbsbsMPa. 3 39 95 51 10 06 61 10 00 01 10 05 57 72 26 63 3hlFAFMeFbhl2022-4-22104 1FFA 1Bd2022-4-22105 1FFA 1Bdd2F2FF剪切面剪切面2022-4-22106d2F2FFF2SFF 24dA MPa51SAF1 2 bsbsbsMPa 150150tdFAF剪切面剪切面2022-4-22107DdhF2022-4-22108DdhF22