中学教材全解八年级英语(下)

1、Module 1 Hobbies内容详解1. Which hobby do you think takes up the least spacc?你认为哪种爱好占用最少的空间？（1）do you think在此用作插入语，意为“你认为，你觉得”。When do you think they will arrive here?你觉得他们会在什么时候到达这里？How many books do you think there are in the box? 你认为箱子里有多少本书？注意do you think后的句子要用陈述语序。（2）take up 占据take up既可指时间上的“占据”，也可

2、指空间上的“占据”。The job takes up all my time. 这项工作占用了我所有的时间。The table takes up too much room.这张桌子太占空间。注意take up是一个由动词加副词构成的短语动词，当它的宾语是代词时，必须放在两者之间。联想take off 起飞；脱下 take out 拿出 take away 拿走 take back 归还 take down 取下 take photos 拍照 take part in 参加2. Sorry it's a bit untidy. 抱歉，这儿有点乱。a bit意为“有点儿；稍微”，该短语在

3、句中作程度状语，用来修饰形容词、副词、动词或介词短语。a bit还可修饰比较级。I was a bit ill. 我有点不舒服。He is a bit older than I. 他比我大一点。辨析：a hit与a little相同之处：（1）两者都可以用作名词词组，意为“一点；少许”，在句中作主语或宾语 ；（2）两者都可以用作副词词组，用来修饰形容词、副词（原级或比较级）或动词。不同之处：（1）作定语时，a little直接修饰不可数名词，而a bit后面需要加of；（2）如果两者的前面加上not, 则其意义完全不同。not a bitnot at all，通常用作状语；not a litt

4、levery，可用作状语或定语。一言辨异Our English teacher often says that she is not a bit tired but in fact she is not a little tired.我们的英语老师经常说她一点儿也不累，其实她非常累。3. I'll tidy up the table and chairs. 我来收拾一下桌椅。tidy up收拾，整理！tidy up是由动词tidy和副词up构成的动词短语。它的宾语如果是名词，既坷以放在tidy和up之间，又可放在tidy up之后；如果它的宾语是代词，则必须放在tidy和up中间。Li

5、ngling, please help tidy up the dinner table.= Lingling, please help tidy the dinner table up. 玲玲，请帮忙收拾一下饭桌。There are so many books on the desk. I'll tidy them up. 课桌上有这么多书，我将整理一下。拓展tidy还可用作形容词，意为“整洁的”，可以在句子中作定语或表语。tidy的反义词是untidy，意为“不整洁的”。You have a tidy / untidy bedroom.你们有一间整洁的/不整吉的卧室。Their s

6、itting room is very tidy/untidy. 他们的客厅非常整洁/不整洁。4. You've got a wonderful collection. 你的收藏太棒了。（1）have / has got是口语中常用的一个词组，意为“有”，相当于have或has。I have got a new pen pal from the United States. 我有一位来自美国的新笔友。He has got a lovely dog. 他有一只可爱的小狗。温馨提示（1）have / has got与have / has尽管含义相同，但从时态上看，前者是现在完成时，后者是

7、一般现在时，故构成疑问句和否定句时应注意区别对待。Have you got a new radio? Do you have a new radio? 你有一台新收音机吗？（2）collection是名词，意为“收集；收藏品”。collector也是一个名词，意为“收藏家；收藏者”。collect是动词，意为“收集”。She made a collection of coins. 她收集硬币。He wants to be a great collector. 他想成为一名伟大的收藏家。拓展 v.+ -ion构成的名词act +-ionaction 行动 invent+-ioninvention

8、 发明direct +-iondirection 方向 impress +-ionimpression 印象express+-ionexpression 表达 discuss+-iondiscussion 讨论collect 或 have a collection of 用来表示“收集”。有类似用法的词还有rest和look等。Rest / have a rest 休息 look / have a look at. 看5. I play the violin and I listen to music all the time. 我一直拉小提琴和听音乐。all the time意为“总是，一直

9、”，在句中作时间状语。The little girl was laughing all the time. 那个小女孩一直笑个不停。联想on time 准吋 in time 及时 at times 有时 from time to time 不时.6. What made you so interested in music? 是什么让你对音乐如此感兴趣？（1）make + sb. + adj. 使某人，形容词在句中作宾语补足语。Her words made me very happy. 她的话让我很开心。（2）(be) interested in 对感兴趣Be / get / become i

10、nterested in的主语往往是人，常常表示“某人对某事产生兴趣”。in在这里是一个介词，后面可以跟名词、代词或动词的-ing形式。Almost all the children are interested in storybooks. 几乎所有的孩子都对故事书感兴趣。I became interested in making things last year.去年我对制作东西产生了兴趣。辨析：interested与interestingInterested 为表语形容词，只作表语，不作定语，表示人的状态。Interesting 既可作表语也可作定语，修饰名词或代词，表示事物的特征或性质

11、。一言辨异The students in Class Two are all interested in this interesting story. 二班的学生都对这个有趣的故事感兴趣。7. I often listened to him play the violin. 我过去经常听他拉小提琴。（1）listen to，see，hear，watch等感官动词后可以接省to的动词不定式，作宾语补足语，表示经常性的动作或全过程，还可跟v. -ing形式。用法歌诀一感（feel) 二听（hear, listen to) 三让 (make, let，have) 四看（look at，see，wa

12、tch, notice)I hear a girl sing English songs in the next door every morning. 我每天早晨听到一个女孩在隔壁唱英文歌。（2）play后接西洋乐器名词时，名词前加定冠词the；后接球类名词时，名词前不加任何冠词。The little girl is playing the piano. 这个小女孩正在弹钢琴。He likes playing basketball.他喜欢打篮球。中考链接She learned to play _ piano all by herself.A. a B. an C. the D. /解析：当p

13、lay后接西洋乐器时要加定冠词the。play the piano意为“弹钢琴”答案：C8. And he gave me my first violin eight years ago. 八年前，他送给我第一把小提琴。give sb. sth. 相当于give sth. to sb. 意思为“给某人某物”。当sth.是代词的宾格时，只能用give sth. to sb 类似give能接双宾语的动词还有：pass，lend，Show等。I gave the boy a book. ( = 1 gave a book to the boy.) 我给了那个男孩一本书。9. There's

14、a concert at Radio Beijing. 北京电台有一场音乐会。这是there be结构，它表示“在某地方（或某事）存在什么人或物”，指客观存在。动词be与后面相邻的名词在数上保持一致，即“就近原则”。There be结构与实义动词have不同，前者表“存在”，后者表“所有”。There is an apple tree in the garden. 花园里有一棵苹果树。There are some apple trees in the garden.花园里有一些苹果树。They have some apple trees in the garden. 他们在花园里有一些苹果树。

15、10. I'm going to school with you! 我要和你们一起去上学啊！本句是用现在进行时态表示将来，表示根据安排将要做某事，人作主语宜用现在时态。I'm not going out this evening. 今晚我不准备出去。温馨提示现在进行时表示将来，主要用于go，come，leave，start等表示去向的短暂性动词。I'm leaving tomorrow.明天我要走了。11. What's happening on Friday? 周五有什么事吗？happen意为“发生”。本句中虽然用现在进行时，却表示将来的动作。这种用法常用来表

16、示一些早已安排好，一般不会改变的即将发生的事情。My father is leaving for Beijing. 我父亲要去北京。辨析：happen与take place（1）happen指具体的情况的发生，特别指那些偶然事件。An accident happened yesterday. 昨天发生了一场事故。（2）take place常指一些按计划、安排发生的事情。Great changes have taken place in these years. 这几年发生了巨大的变化。第2单元内容详解1. Many students have hobbies, such as reading,

17、 painting, growing vegetables in their gardens, and looking after animals.很多学生都有爱好，比如阅读、绘画、在他们的花园里种菜和照顾动物。（1）such as“像，例如”，相当于口语中的like。We all like ball games, such as basketball and football. 我们都喜欢球类运动，例如篮球和足球。辨析：such as与for exampleSuch as  用于列举前面概述过的同类事物，不需要用逗号与其他成分隔开，只能位于名词或名词性词组前面For example

18、 用于举例说明，一般用逗号与其他成分隔开。位置比较灵活，可位于句首、句中或句末。Jim has many good friends here，such as Liu Kai and Zhang Jun.Jim has many good friends here, Liu Kai and Zhang Jun, for example. 吉姆在这里有许多好朋友，比如刘凯和张军。（2）look after意为“照管，照料，关心”。I must look after my old grandma.我必须照顾我年老的奶奶。拓展 look after的同义词组是take care of。They tak

19、e care of their babies. 他们悉心照料他们的孩子。 look after的另一同义词组是care for。He spent years caring for his sick mother. 数年中他一直在照顾他生病的母亲。2. Hobbies can make you grow as a person, develop your interests and help you learn new skills.爱好可以使你们成长，培养你们的兴趣，并帮助你们学习新的技能。（1）make在这里是一个使役动词，意为“使”，结构为“make+宾语+省略to的不定式（宾补）”。但如

20、果用在被动语态中，则要加上to。Don't make me do this or that . 不要让我做这做那的。I was made to do this or that. 我被迫使去做这做那。拓展 make+宾语+形容词My dog's death made me sad. 我的狗的死使我伤心。 make +宾语+名词（表职位、头衔等的词）We all made her our monitor. 我们都推选她当班长。中考链接 Have you seen the funny movie Let the Bullet（子弹）Fly? yes, it made me _ man

21、y times.A. laugh B. cry C. sleep D. sing解析：本题考查动词词义辨析。laugh“大笑”；cry“哭”；sleep“睡觉”；sing“唱歌”。句意为：“你看过那部搞笑的电影让子弹飞吗？”“是的，它使我大笑了许多次。”故选 A。答案：A（2）develop是动词，意为“发展”。developing是形容词，意为“发展中的” ；developed也是形容词，意为“发达的”。China is a developing country, but Japan is a developed one.中国是一个发展中国家，但日本是一个发达国家。3. During the

22、 summer of 2000, he spent four weeks on a summer camp. 在2000年夏天，他参加了一个为期四周的夏令营。spend意为“花费（钱/时间）”，主语一般是人，其结构是sb. spend (s) money / time onsth.或 sb. spend（s）money / time (in) doing Sth.He spends two hours on English every morning.=He spends two hours in learning English every morning.每天早晨他用两个小时的时间学习英语

23、。拓展（1）表示“某人花费多少时间做某事”还可用动词take，其结构为：Ittakes sb. some time to do sth.It takes me twenty minutes to walk to school every day. 我每天用20分钟步行去上学。It will take us more than a year to build the tall building. 我们将用一年多的时间来建造这座高楼。（2）表示“花费”的句型汇总：人+spend(s) +时间/金钱+ 1.（in）doing sth. 2. on sth.It+ takes+人+时间+to do s

24、th.人+pay(s)+金钱+ for sth.物+cost(s)+人+金钱译她花了 10元钱买这本书。She spent ten yuan on/buying the book. She paid ten yuan for the book. The book cost her ten yuan.中考链接I _ some of my free time playing basketball for my school team.A. spend B. cost C. take D. pay解析：本题考查动词辨析。spend, cost, take和pay都可以表示“花费”。spend和pay

25、用人作主语；cost用物作主语；take常用it作形式主语。本句的主语是I，故排除B、C两项； spend的常用搭配为：spend. on/(in) doing sth. ； pay常用于pay for结构中。由句中的playing可知本句考查“spend. (in) doing sth.”这一结构。故选A项。答案：A4. As well as the usual activities, such as sailing, climbing and mountain biking.除了普通的活动，如帆船、攀登和骑山地自行车外as well as在此用作介词短语，意为“除了 ”，相当于beside

26、s或in addition to。As well as visiting Beijing, we spent a day in Tianjin. 除了游览北京以外，我们还在天津度过了 一天。拓展as well as意为“并且，还”，用来连接并列成分。连接并列主语时，谓语动词与前一主语保持一致。She is clever as well as beautiful.她既美丽又聪明。They sell hooks as well as newspapers.他们既卖报纸也卖书。He as well as his parents goes to Hong Kong every year.他和父母每年去

27、香港。5. She asked us to imagine that we were in a story. 她让我们想象我们身处故事之中。（1）ask sb. to do sth. 表示“让某人做某事”。Tom often asks me to go shopping with him. 汤姆经常让我和他一起去购物。Please ask the boys not to play football here. 请让那些男孩子不要在此踢足球。（2）imagine意为“想象，其后常跟名同、动名词。也可以接从句作宾语，但不能用在进行时中。I can't imagine what he loo

28、ks like. 我想象不出他长什么样。I didn't imagine becoming a writer. 我并未想过要成为一名作家。6. In senior high school David wrote a story about teenage life, and it came out as a book in 2003.在高中时，大卫写了一个关于青少年生活的故事，并于2003年成书出版。come out 出版Her book won't come out until next year.她的书要到明年才能出版。拓展come out还有“开花，发芽，出现”之意。Th

29、e flowers came out yesterday. 那些花儿昨天开了。The moon came out from the clouds. 月亮从云里出来了。7. Many teenagers love his book, and as a result, David has become a successful young writer.很多青少年都喜欢他的书，大卫也因此成为一名成功的年轻作家。（1）as a result意为“结果，因此”。She didn't study hard, and as a result, she failed the exam.她没有努力学习

30、，结果考试没有及格辨析：as a result与soas a result “结果，因此”，一般放在句首，后面加逗号。So “因此”，既可放在句首，也可放在句中，两种情况so后面都不加逗号The traffic was heavy. As a result, I was late. 交通很拥挤，结果我迟到了。I got up late, so I missed the early bus.我起床晚了，所以错过了早班公共汽车。（2）become的用法用作连系动词，其后接名词或形容词。He became a teacher at the age of 17. 他17岁就当了老师。The weath

31、er became warmer. 天气变得暖和起来。注意become是终止性动词，它不能与表示一段时间的单词或短语连用；become也不可与不定式连用。8. David has been very lucky because his hobby has brought him enjoyment and success, but he is also interested in many other things.大卫一直很幸运，因为他的爱好给他带来了快乐和成功，但他对很多其他事情也感兴趣。（1）这是一个含有because引导的原因状语从句的复合句。because表示“因为”，作连词，用于引

32、导表示原因的状语从句。Your parents will do everything for you because they love you.你的父母愿意为你做一切事情，因为他们爱你。（2）enjoyment n.快乐，享受The guests drank the grape wine with enjoyment. 客人们愉快地品尝了葡萄酒。联想 enjoyv. 喜欢。后接名词、代词或动名词作宾语。My father enjoys running. 我父亲喜欢跑步。 enjoyableadj. 高兴的，令人愉快的。在句中作定语或表语。（3）successn；成功，胜利I wish you

33、 success with your studies. 祝你学业有成。联想1. successful adj.成功的 2. successfully adv.成功地 3. succeed v.成功9. It's sometimes difficult to remember that we shouldn't spend all our time on our favourit hobby.有时候，我们很难记住我们不该把所有的时间都用在最喜欢的爱好上。（1）这是一个含有that引导的宾语从句的复合句。it是形式主语，动词不定式短语to remember.是真正的主语。这个句型结

34、构为“It is+ adj. ( + for/of sb.)+to do sth.”意为“（对某人来说)做某事是”。（2）It is very easy to ride a bike. 骑自行车很容易。Its better to stay at home. 最好待在家里。It s very important to learn English well. To learn English well is very important. 学好英语很重要。（2）sometimes是频度副词，意为“有时”，表示动作发生的频率。He sometimes comes to see me. 他有时来看我。

35、辨析：sometimes, some times, sometime与some time sometimes有时 some times数次 sometime某时 some time 一段时间I have been there some times. 我已经去过那里数次了。We'll have a party sometime next month.下个月的某个时间我们要举行一次聚会。He waited for you for some time. 他等了你一些时候了。（3）句中remember后面跟的是一个由that引导的宾语从句，说明remember的内容。It is importa

36、nt to remember that if you do it, do it well.重要的是要记住：做一件事，就要把它做好。（4）句中should用作情态动词，指应该，表示说话人的建议或者意愿。You should say sorry to me. 你应该向我道歉。10. There are many other interesting things to do in life, and we should try to do something new or different.生活中有很多其他有趣的事情可做，我们应该尝试做些新的或不同的事情。（1）try to do sth. 尽力做

37、某事，试图做某事The boy tried to draw a horse. 那个男孩尽力画了一匹马。拓展 try doing sth. 意为“尝试做某事”。Why not try doing the experiment in another way? 为什么不试着用另一种方法做这个实验呢？ try one's best to do sth.竭尽全力做某事I must try my best to learn English well. 我必须竭尽全力学好英语。（2）something new 意为“一些新的东西”，形容词修饰 something，anything，nothing，

38、everything，somewhere，anywhere等复合不定代词或不定副词时，须放在这些词的后面。Would you like something hot to drink? 你想喝点热东西吗？中考链接A foreign visitor is coming to visit our new house this evening. My mother will offer him _ to eat.A. anything delicious B. something real ChineseC. something Japanese food D. delicious something

39、解析：本题考查不定代词的用法。形容词修饰不定代词需后置，故排除D项；anything用于疑问句或否定句中，故排除A项；选项C中Japanese food是名词短语，不修饰不定代词；故something real Chinese（正宗的中国菜）符合题意。答案：B第3单元内容详解I. John enjoys making things. 约翰喜欢制作东西。enjoy v. 喜欢（1）enjoy sth.喜欢某物I enjoy that storybook. 我喜欢那本故事书。（2）enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事They enjoy playing football. 他们喜欢踢足球。（

40、3）enjoy oneself 玩得高兴，过得愉快，相当于have fun, have a good time。My students enjoy themselves every day. 我的学生每天都过得很愉快。注意enjoy后跟非谓语动词时只能跟v.- ing形式，不能跟动词不定式。2. Jane is good at singing as well as dancing. 简既撞长跳舞也撞长唱歌。be good at意为“擅长；精通”，其同义词组为do well in。She is good at skating. =She does well in skating.她擠长滑冰。辨析

41、：be good for，be good at与be good toBe good for 意为“对有益，对有用”，后接表示人或事物的名词、代词或动名词。Be good at 意为“擅长，精通”，后面也可接表示人或事物的名词、代词或动名词。Be good to 意为“对好”Doing morning exercises is good for our health. 做早操对我们的健康有好处。He is good at swimming. 他擅长游泳。He is good to the old man. 他对那位老人很好。3. I buy the magazines when they com

42、e out each month. 每月当杂志出版的时候我就买。辨析: each与every（1）every和each都可与单数可数名词连用，且意义相近，意为“每个的”，但every强调整体概念，each则表示个体概念。Each day is better than the one before. 一天比一天好。Every player was in the best state. 每个运动员都处于最佳状态。（2）如果不特别强调某一意义时，every和each可以互换。We want every child to succeed. 们希望每个孩子都成功。Each child will find

43、 his own road to success. 每个孩子都会找到他自己的成功之路。（3）each可以指两个或两个以上的人或物，every却不能指两个，只能指三个及三个以上的数量。There are big trees on each side of the road. 在路的两边都有大树。（4）另外，如有其他限定词同时修饰中心词时，each可作代词取代eachof的形式，而every则只能作限定词，不与of连用。Each（of）my parents gave me presents for Christmas. 过圣诞节时我父母都给我送了礼物。4. . to live in the way

44、 that people lived long ago .体验古代生活。本句含有一个that引导的定语从句。that引导的定语从句修饰the way, live in the way that.表示“以的方式生活”。She is trying to live in the way that her favourite star lives. 她试图以她般热爱的明星的生活方式生活。We cannot live in the way that the ancient people did.我们无法以古人的生活方式生活。中考链接The thing _ my brother is going to d

45、o this afternoon is to write a letter.A. thatB. who C. why D. whose解析：先行词the thing是物，故可用that或which引导。答案：A5. Groups of people find out about the past. 成群的人聚在一起，搜寻过去的情况。find out 查明（真相）辨析：find out 与 findFind out 意为“查明（真相，弄清（缘由）”，强调费时、经过周折调查到最后得到认证的一种结果。其后一般跟名词、代词或从句Find 是及物动词，表示“找到，发现”之意，其后可跟名词、代词、复合结构

46、或that从句。 与look for接近，但强调寻找的结果Have you found out why he was late? 你弄清他为什么迟到了吗？Have you found your book? 你找到你的书了吗？6. They dress in the clothes people wore in the past and then.他们穿上人们过去穿的衣服dress v.穿dress后面不能直接跟表示“衣服”的词作宾语，dress的常见搭配有：get dressed in +颜色，dress sb. /oneself，dress up 等。All the children got

47、 dressed in red that day.那天，所有的孩子都穿着红衣服。The girl is too young to dress herself. 这个女孩太小了，不会自己穿衣服。You needn't dress up, come as you are. 你不必刻意打扮，穿着平时的衣服来就行了。辨析：dress, put on，wear 与（be）inDress 指穿衣的动作，后面可接宾语，也可不接宾语。如果接宾语，则宾语必须是人，不是衣服。Put on 指穿衣的动作，宾语必须是服装Wear 指穿衣的状态，也可指戴着（手套、手表、眼镜、戒指、首饰等），或是穿着（鞋、袜等）

48、，后面要接宾语，宾语通常是物（be）in 穿着，指状态，宾语既可以是衣服、帽子，又可以是颜色中考链接Mary is used to_ a T-shirt and jeans.A. wear B. put onC. wearingD. putting on解析：本题考查近义词用法辨析。wear表示穿的状态；put on表示穿的动作。由句意“玛丽习惯于穿T恤衫和牛仔裤”可排除B、D两项；又因be used to doing sth. “习惯于做某事”为固定短语，故选C项。答案：CModule 2 Friendship第1单元内容详解1. Is that Chen Huan speaking? 你是

49、陈欢吗？这是一句打电活的常用语。在不确定或询问对方是哪位吋，正：Is that（speaking） 回答时用：正：This is（speaking）误：Are you？ 误：Im 联想常用打电话用语：Who's that, please? 请问您是哪位？May I speak toplease? 请问可以找接电话吗？2. Hold the line, please. 请不要挂机。hold the line是打电话时的常用语，意为“等一下；别挂断”，相当于hold on或wait a momen. Hold the line. Mr Li is coming. 别挂断，李先生来了。拓展h

50、old是动词，意为“拿，举，持；拥有；举办”。其过去式和过去分词均为held。She's holding a book in her hand. 她手中拿着一本书。We'll hold a sports meeting next week. 下周我们将举行运动会。3. Do you know if Sally Maxwell has arrived? 你知道萨莉麦克斯威尔到了没有？（1）句中if是连词，意为“是否”，引导宾语从句，可用whether替换。I don't know if they will visit your school. 我不知道他们是否会参观你们学

51、校。He asked if we were from England. 他问我们是否来自英格兰。注意If / whether引导的宾语从句要用陈述语序，且时态要与主句的时态一致。链接if作连词时，还有“如果”的意思，引导条件状语从句。If it rains tomorrow, we'll stay at home and watch TV. 如果明天下雨，我们就待在家里看电视。注意在含有条件状语从句的复合句中，如果主句是一般将来时，那么从句应用一般现在时表将来。中考链接I want to know _ he will be the volunteer in the 2011 Unive

52、rsiade （世界大学生运动会）in Shenzhen.A. where B. who C. if D. which解析：本题考查宾语从句的引导词。由句意“我想知道他是否将在深圳2011年世界大学生运动会上做志愿者。”知选C。答案：C（2）arrive v. 到达，后面可以直接加副词，也可以加in（后接大地方）或at（后接小地方）。 We arrived home early.我们很早就到家了。They arrived at the station at two o'clock and arrived in Beijing eight hours later.他们两点钟到达车站，八小

53、时后到达了北京。辨析：arrive, reach与get arrive后直接加副词，或加介词再接名词。 reach是及物动词，后面直接加名词或副词。When I reached the station, the train had left. 当我到达车站时，火车早已离开了。 get较口语化，其后直接加副词或加to再接名词。What time did they get there / to Beijing yesterday? 昨天他们几点到的那里/北京？4. I asked your secretary whether she could come or not. 我问过你的秘书她是否能来。

54、whether. or not意为“是否”，whether引导宾语从句。She wanted to know whether we were ready or not. 她想知道我们是否准备好了。if和whether都可引导宾语从句，且多数情况下可互换使用，但以下情况只能使用whether而不能使用if：（1）与or not直接连用I wonder whether or not the room is big enough. 我想知道这个房间是否足够大。（2）在不定式前We don't know whether to leave right now. 我们不知道是否马上离开。（3）作介

55、词的宾语Mary worried about whether she could pass the test. 玛丽担心她能否考试过关。（4）作discuss或decide等动词的宾语They are discussing whether they should help the animals. 他们正在讨论他们是否应帮助那些动物。5. Yes, our last public concert will be here on Starsearch in a couple of months. 是的，我们最后一场公众音乐会几个月以后将在这里明星大搜寻节目中上演。这是一个含有will的一般将来时

56、态的简单句。a couple of含义为“一对，一双”，此处则表示“一些，几个”。I'll just have a couple of oranges. 我就吃几个橘子吧。辨析：a pair of 与 a couple ofa pair of 表示成对的东西，可以是鞋、袜子、裤子、剪子等a couple of 表示任何两件同类的东西，但不一定是成对使用的I bought a pair of cotton gloves yesterday. 昨天我买了一副棉手套。I found a couple of socks in my bedroom but they didnt make a pair. 我在我的卧室里找到了两只袜子，但配不成对。6. . but I have some close friends here. 但是我在这里有一些很好的朋友。close在此用作形容词，意为“亲近的；亲密的”。Mike is my close friend. 迈克是我的亲密朋友。读音为/klaus/。注意close作动词时，意为“关闭”，读音为/kl