Unit3InventorsandInventions单元复习课件-高中英语人教版选修八

1、1. _ n. 专利证书专利证书; 专利权专利权2. _ adj. 立方的立方的3. _ vi. & vt. 显示显示的差别的差别; 使使有所不同有所不同; 辨别辨别4. _ adj. 便利的便利的; 方便的方便的; 就近的就近的5. _ n. 文件文件; 档案档案; 文件夹文件夹 vt. 提交提交; 将将归档归档patentcubicdistinguishconvenientfile6. _ n. (评判的评判的)标准标准; 尺度尺度7. _ adj. 熟的熟的; 成熟的成熟的8. _ vt. 拨拨(电话电话)9. _ n. 堵塞堵塞; 阻塞阻塞; 果酱果酱10. _ vt. &am

2、p; vi. 轻打轻打; 轻拍轻拍; 轻敲轻敲 n. 轻轻地敲击轻轻地敲击(声声); 水龙头水龙头11. _ n. (水或气水或气) 流流; 电流电流 adj. 现在的现在的; 当前的当前的12. _ vt. 联想联想; 联系联系 n. 同伴同伴; 伙伴伙伴criterionripedialjamtapcurrentassociate13. _ n. 电话分机电话分机; 扩大扩大; 延伸延伸14. _ n. 人力资源人力资源; 人事部人事部; 全体人员全体人员15. _ n. 期望期望; 期待期待; 预料预料16. _ vt. 抓住抓住; 捉住捉住; 夺夺17. _ adj. 有效的有效的;

3、确凿的确凿的18. _ adj. 充满活力的充满活力的; 精力充沛的精力充沛的; 动态的动态的; 发展变化的发展变化的19. _ adj. 稳固的稳固的; 稳定的稳定的; 安定的安定的expectationseizevaliddynamicstableextensionpersonnel20. _ adj. 仁慈的仁慈的 _ adj. 残忍的残忍的21. _ n. 产品产品 _ n. 生产生产22. _ adj. 不锈的不锈的; 没有污点的没有污点的 _ n. 污点污点; 污迹污迹 _ adj. 满是污痕的满是污痕的23. _ adj. 突然的突然的; 意外的意外的 _ adv. 突然地突然地

4、; 意外地意外地mercifulstainlessstainstainedproductproductionabruptabruptlymerciless24. _ n. 小心小心; 谨慎谨慎 _ adj. 谨慎的谨慎的25. _ adj. 被动的被动的; 消极的消极的 _ (反义词反义词)主动的主动的; 积极的积极的26. _ adj. 冰冻的冰冻的; 严寒的严寒的 _ vt. 结冰结冰27. _ n. 鉴定鉴定; 辨认辨认; 身份证明身份证明 _ vt. 确认确认; 确定确定cautioncautiouspassiveactivefreezingfreezeidentificationid

5、entify28. _ adj. 清白的清白的; 无罪的无罪的; 天真的天真的 _ n. 清白清白29. _ vt. 忍受忍受; 负担负担 _ (过去式过去式) _ (过去分词过去分词)30. _ adj. 实践的实践的; 实际的实际的 _ adj. 理论上的理论上的31. _ n. 能力能力; 胜任胜任 _ adj. 能胜任的能胜任的innocentinnocencebearborecompetencecompetentpracticaltheoreticalborne1. _ 决定决定; 选定选定2. _ 给某人打电话给某人打电话3. _ 偶尔偶尔; 有时有时4. _ 开始开始; 着手着手

6、5. _ 与此同时与此同时6. _ 在预料中在预料中7. _ 迅速把手伸入迅速把手伸入; 一心投入一心投入decide oncall sb. upnow and thenset about doing/set out to doat the same timein the expectationdive into8. _ 和和有联系有联系9. _ 不挂断不挂断; 稍等稍等10. _ 次序颠倒次序颠倒; 发生故障发生故障11. _ 设法联系上设法联系上; (设法设法)做完做完; 通过通过12. _ 回电话回电话13. _ 挂断电话挂断电话be associated withhang onout

7、of orderget throughring backring offFollow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking about to occupy your mind.跟随它跟随它, 在它的周围探索在它的周围探索, 不知不觉中不知不觉中, 某些某些值得考虑的东西将会占据你的大脑。值得考虑的东西将会占据你的大脑。祈使句祈使句and陈述句陈述句1.“有时有时”词汇全接触词汇全接触 now and then 偶尔偶尔；有时；有时 now and

8、again 不时不时；时而；时而 from time to time 不时不时 sometimes 有时有时 occasionally 偶尔偶尔2. -t与与-ce之间形容词和名词的转换之间形容词和名词的转换 different difference important importance patient patience innocent innocence confident confidence与发明相关的语块与发明相关的语块the scientific inventions of the 21st century21世纪的科技发明世纪的科技发明come up with ideas 提

9、出想法提出想法In his lifetime, . patented many inventions.在他的一生中，在他的一生中，获得了许多个发明专利。获得了许多个发明专利。Every year, new inventions and products appear.每年都有新的发明和产品出现。每年都有新的发明和产品出现。Every new thought or idea has to be connected to what we already know.每一个新思想或新思路必须与我们已有的知识联每一个新思想或新思路必须与我们已有的知识联系起来。系起来。They are the resul

10、t of a long process of trial and error.它们是长期试验与犯错误的结果。它们是长期试验与犯错误的结果。If we want to develop our creativity, we can try using some of the thinking strategies of the great and the famous.如果我们想要开发我们的创造力，我们可以试着如果我们想要开发我们的创造力，我们可以试着采用伟人和名人所用过的那些思维策略。采用伟人和名人所用过的那些思维策略。We are living in the “Information Age”

11、, a time of new discoveries and great changes.我们生活在我们生活在“信息时代信息时代”，一个充满新发现，一个充满新发现和大变革的时代。和大变革的时代。1. distinguish vi. & vt. 辨别辨别; 显示显示的差别的差别; 使使有所不同有所不同; 使著名使著名 【教材教材原句原句】 Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them. 这回我

12、有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明这回我有机会来表现一下自己了。我要发明 某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇抓住，又不会某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇抓住，又不会 伤害它。伤害它。 【归纳归纳】 distinguish between. and. 辨别辨别和和 distinguish. from. 使使有别于有别于 distinguish oneself (as.) (作为作为)表现突出表现突出 【拓展拓展】 distinguished adj. 卓越的卓越的; 著名的著名的; 杰出的杰出的 be distinguished for. 因因而出名而出名 distinguishable adj. 易分辨的易分

13、辨的; 能区分的能区分的1) 语言是人类区别于动物的特征。语言是人类区别于动物的特征。 Speech distinguishes human beings from the animals.2) 泰山因它美丽的风光和丰富的文化而出名泰山因它美丽的风光和丰富的文化而出名。 Mount Tai is distinguished for its beautiful sights as well as rich culture.单句语法填空。单句语法填空。No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made D

14、ickens such a _ (distinguish) writer. (2019 浙江浙江)【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。distinguished2. bear vt. 忍受忍受; 忍耐忍耐; 负担负担 【教材教材原句原句】 I cannot bear the smell of burnt sausage on the barbecue. 我受不了架子上烤香肠的味道。我受不了架子上烤香肠的味道。 【归纳归纳】 cant bear (sb./sb.s) doing sth. 不能忍受不能忍受(某人某人)做某事做某事 cant bear to do sth. 不能忍受做某事不能忍

15、受做某事 bear a heavy burden 承担重担承担重担bear the responsibility/the blame承担责任承担责任/受责备受责备bear/keep sth. in mind 记住某事记住某事bear in mind that 记住记住 1) 每个人都应该承担保护环境的责任。每个人都应该承担保护环境的责任。 Everyone should bear the responsibility to protect the environment.2) 记住记住: 在去你朋友家前你最好提前给他打在去你朋友家前你最好提前给他打电话。电话。 Bear in mind tha

16、t you had better call your friend up in advance before going to his home.【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。3. associate vt. & vi. 联想联想; 联系联系 【教材教材原句原句】 I feel honored to have the chance to live, work and associate with them. 我觉得很荣幸有机会和他们一起生活、工我觉得很荣幸有机会和他们一起生活、工 作和相处。作和相处。【归纳归纳】 associate with sb. 与某人交往或打交与某人交

17、往或打交道道 associate with . 把把和和联系在一起联系在一起; be associated with. 和和有关有关 【拓展拓展】 association n. 联合联合;联想联想;交往交往; 协会协会;团体团体 in association with. 与与合伙合伙/合作合作 【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1) I always _ (把夏季和休假联系在一起把夏季和休假联系在一起).2) We are working _ a local company to raise money for the homeless. 我们正在联合一家当地的公司我们正在联合一家当地的

18、公司, 为无家可为无家可 归的人筹款。归的人筹款。in association withassociate summer with holidays1. call up 给给打电话打电话; 使使回忆起回忆起 【教材教材原句原句】 When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. 当我给乡下的母亲打电话的时候当我给乡下的母亲打电话的时候, 她非常她非常烦恼。烦恼。 【拓展拓展】含含call的短语的短语 call for 需要需要; 要求要求; 去接去接 (某人某人) call at

19、 (火车等火车等)停靠停靠; 拜访某地拜访某地 call on/upon 拜访拜访(某人某人); 号召号召 call off 取消取消; 停止停止 call in 召来召来; 叫来叫来(服务服务)【联想联想】 ring up 给给打电话打电话 ring/call back 回复电话回复电话 ring off 挂断电话挂断电话 give sb. a ring/call 给某人打电话给某人打电话 hang/hold on 不挂断电话不挂断电话 hang up 挂断电话挂断电话1) 她打电话给一个朋友，只是要聊聊天。她打电话给一个朋友，只是要聊聊天。 She called up a friend j

20、ust for a chat.2) 我我8点钟来接你。点钟来接你。 Ill call for you at 8 oclock.3) 比赛因天气恶劣被取消。比赛因天气恶劣被取消。 The game was called off because of the bad weather.【语境应用语境应用】翻译句子。翻译句子。2. get through 设法联系上设法联系上(尤指打通电话尤指打通电话); (设法设法)做完做完; 通过通过; 渡过渡过(难关难关); 用完用完; 耗尽耗尽 【教材教材原句原句】 I cant get through. 我拨不通电话。我拨不通电话。 【拓展拓展】 get d

21、own to 着手认真做某事着手认真做某事 get over 痊愈痊愈; 克服克服 get on 进展进展; 进步进步 get in 收获收获 get away with 被放过被放过; 受到从轻发落受到从轻发落 get in 收获收获 I managed to get through the game and the pain was worth it in the end. ( ) Ive got through the driving test recently. ( ) I tried ringing you several times yesterday but I couldnt

22、get through (to you). ( ) As soon as I get through with my work Ill join you. () We thought he could not get through the winter. ()设法做完设法做完通过通过打通电话打通电话做完做完渡过渡过【语境应用语境应用】写出下列各句中写出下列各句中get through的含义的含义。Follow it up, explore all around it, and before you know it, you will have something worth thinking

23、 about to occupy your mind.跟随它跟随它, 在它的周围探索在它的周围探索, 不知不觉中不知不觉中, 某些某些值得考虑的东西将会占据你的大脑。值得考虑的东西将会占据你的大脑。【归纳归纳】 本句为本句为“祈使句祈使句and陈述句陈述句”的形式的形式, 祈使句要使用动词原形开头。祈使句要使用动词原形开头。【拓展拓展】 1)祈使句祈使句and陈述句陈述句 = If., 主句主句 2)祈使句祈使句or陈述句陈述句 = If. not, 主句主句 3)名词词组名词词组and陈述句陈述句(名词短语中通名词短语中通 常含有常含有more, another, further, earl

24、ier等等 词词)【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。1) 快点儿，不然你就赶不上去伦敦的第一快点儿，不然你就赶不上去伦敦的第一班火车了。班火车了。 Hurry up, or you will be late for the first train to London.2)了解唐朝的历史了解唐朝的历史, 你会更好地理解唐诗。你会更好地理解唐诗。 Know about the history of the Tang Dynasty and you will understand the Tang poems better.1. 过去分词过去分词(短语短语)作定语作定语 过去分词过去分词(短语

25、短语)作定语作定语, 分词的动作与其所修分词的动作与其所修饰的词之间常存在着逻辑上的动宾关系饰的词之间常存在着逻辑上的动宾关系, 且该且该过去分词多表示已经完成的动作。过去分词多表示已经完成的动作。 e.g. The concert given by their friends was a great success. For some reason, Richard didnt turn up at the meeting held yesterday.过去分词复习过去分词复习( (一一) ) 及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词(短语短语)作定语时，相当于作定语时，相当于一个含被动语态的定

26、语从句。一个含被动语态的定语从句。 e.g. The bridge built in the early 1990s is still in good condition. = The bridge that was built in the early 1990s is still in good condition. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只表示“完成完成”的动作，而不表示的动作，而不表示“被动被动”意义。意义。如：如：a retired teacher一位退了休的教师；一位退了休的教师；boiled water已经开了的水；已经开了的水；devel

27、oped countries发达发达国家；国家；fallen leaves落叶；落叶；the risen sun升起的升起的太阳。太阳。 2. 过去分词作表语过去分词作表语 过去分词作表语，表示主语的性质、特征或状过去分词作表语，表示主语的性质、特征或状态。用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要态。用作表语的过去分词被动意味很弱，主要表示动作的完成和状态。此时的过去分词相当表示动作的完成和状态。此时的过去分词相当于一个形容词，其后常不跟于一个形容词，其后常不跟by短语。短语。 e.g. The glass is broken. Our classroom is crowded. My siste

28、r seemed quite delighted at the idea. When Mr. Smith came to the door of his house, he found the door was locked. 除了系动词除了系动词be外外, appear, get, seem, look, sound, feel, remain等连系动词也可接过去分等连系动词也可接过去分词作表语。词作表语。 e.g. The teacher appeared quite satisfied with my work. Stephen looks worried these days. Wha

29、t do you think has happened to him? 作表语的过去分词主要来自及物动词作表语的过去分词主要来自及物动词, 少数不少数不及物动词及物动词(如如go, come等等)的过去分词作表语的过去分词作表语时时, 不表示被动意义不表示被动意义, 只表示动作的完成。只表示动作的完成。 e.g. They are gone for vacation.3. 过去分词作宾语补足语过去分词作宾语补足语 过去分词作宾语补足语时过去分词作宾语补足语时, 宾语补足语与宾语宾语补足语与宾语之间常存在逻辑上的动宾关系之间常存在逻辑上的动宾关系, 且该过去分词且该过去分词表示被动或已完成的动作

30、表示被动或已完成的动作, 有时候两者兼而有有时候两者兼而有之。之。 感官动词感官动词see, notice, find, hear, feel等后可接过等后可接过去分词作宾补。去分词作宾补。e.g. We saw the injured sent to hospital shortly after the accident. When he returned, he found his room thoroughly cleaned. 使役动词使役动词have, make, get, keep, leave等后也可等后也可接过去分词作宾补。接过去分词作宾补。 e.g. I am going t

31、o the hospital this afternoon to have my eyes examined. The lecturer couldnt make himself heard with so much noise going on. “with +复合宾语复合宾语”结构中也可用过去分词作结构中也可用过去分词作宾补。宾补。 e.g. The thief was brought in with his hands tied to his back. With everything Lily needed bought, she left the supermarket and we

32、nt home.【语境应用语境应用】完成句子。完成句子。 1. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _ (finish), he gladly accepted it.2. Claire had her luggage _ (check) an hour before her plane left. 3. The players _ (select) from the whole city are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.checkedfinish

33、edselected1. Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially _ (design) to help them succeed academically and personally. (2019 天津天津)2. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photograph _ (take). (2018 天津天津)takendesignedI. 课文语法填空。课文语法填空。 When the writer called 1. _ her mother

34、 in the countryside on the phone, she learned that snakes came near their house and that they seemed 2. _(make) their home near their house. The writer considered 3. _ a chance for her to distinguish herself by 4. _ (invent) something that would catch snakes but not itupto have madeinventingharm the

35、m. She set about 5. _ (research) the habits of snakes. She decided to cool them so that they could be 6._ (easy) caught. However, her first two plans were not 7. _ (success). As a result, she had to attempt 8._ third time, whichhelped her fulfill her aim successfully. She was so delighted that she w

36、as 9. _ (determine) to send her invention to the patent office to get 10. _ (recognize) for her successful idea.determinedaeasilyresearchingsuccessfulrecognitionII. 课文短文改错。课文短文改错。 Alexander Graham Bell was born on 1847in Scotland, but when he was young hisfamily moves to Boston. His mother wasalmost

37、 entire deaf, so he became interestingin helping deaf people communicate. Hefound that by press his lips against hismothers forehead, he could make his motherinmovedentirelyinterestedpressingunderstand that he was saying. Bell was an invent all his life. Though he is most often associated to the inv

38、ention of the telephone, but he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions improve the quality of everybodys life.whattowithinventor1. 消费者容易消费者容易把把名牌名牌和和高质量高质量联系在联系在一起一起 。 Shoppers tend to associate certain brand names with high quality. 2. 是爱和责任驱使是爱和责任驱使他他渡渡过过了许多困难生存了下来。了许多困难生存了下来。

39、Its the love and responsibility that have driven him to go through many hardships and survive. III. 用本单元所学词汇和句式结构完成句子。用本单元所学词汇和句式结构完成句子。3. 婴儿不久就学会从其他成年人中婴儿不久就学会从其他成年人中辨认辨认出他出他 母亲的面庞。母亲的面庞。 A tiny baby soon learns to distinguish its mothers face from other adults faces.4. 尽力和你的孩子成为朋友尽力和你的孩子成为朋友, 这样你会

40、真正这样你会真正 地知道他们在想什么。地知道他们在想什么。 Try to be friends with your children, and you will really know what the are thinking about.5. 妈妈经常提醒我要妈妈经常提醒我要记住记住“失败乃成功之失败乃成功之母母”。 My mother often reminds me to bear in mind that “failure is the mother of success”. 如何用英语写求职信如何用英语写求职信【写作任务写作任务】 假定假定你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，你是李华

41、，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待接待来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内来访的国外中学生。请你写信应聘，内容包括：容包括：1. 口语能力；口语能力；2. 相关经验；相关经验；3. 应聘目的应聘目的。注意：注意：1. 词数词数100 左右（开头和结尾已给出，左右（开头和结尾已给出，但不计但不计入总词数）；入总词数）；2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Sir or Madam,_Yours truly,Li Hua【写作指导写作指导】一、审题定调一、审题定调 本本写作任务要求写一封求职信，申请做写作任务要求写一封求职信，申请做志愿者接待志愿者接待来访的国外

42、中学生，属于应用文。来访的国外中学生，属于应用文。求职信的求职信的语言语言要求正式礼貌，力求引起对方要求正式礼貌，力求引起对方的重视，希望的重视，希望获得面试获得面试机会。求职信的时态机会。求职信的时态以一般现在时为主，以一般现在时为主，人称以人称以第一人称为主。第一人称为主。二、谋篇布局二、谋篇布局 根据根据提示信息，我们可以将该求职信分提示信息，我们可以将该求职信分为为以下三以下三部分：部分： 第第一部分：引出话题，说明写信目的；一部分：引出话题，说明写信目的； 第二第二部分：介绍个人优势（说明口语能部分：介绍个人优势（说明口语能力及力及相关相关经验等）；经验等）； 第三第三部分：表达希望或请求，表示感谢部分：表达希望或请求