英语语法专业术语整理

1、精选英语语法专业术语 本次听写要求：选择部分英语术语打在PPT上，同学按序号写出相应中文术语。（一）词类 part of speech实词 notional word 'nunl 虚词 structural word/ form word (e.g. article preposition conjunction interjection)派生词derivative di'rivtiv, d'rivtiv复合词compound 'kmpaund,km'paund词性part of speech名词 noun专出名词 proper noun一般名

2、词 common noun可数名词 countable noun不行数名词 uncountable noun单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form 'plurl, 'plurl抽象名词 abstract noun æb'strækt,'æbstrækt具体名词 concrete noun 'knkri:t物质名词 material noun集体名词 collective noun个体名词 individual noun动词 verb主动词 main verb及物动词 tran

3、sitive verb 'trænsitiv, 'trænstiv不及物动词 intransitive verb in'trænsitiv, in'trænstiv系动词 link verb助动词 auxiliary verb :g'ziljri情态动词 modal verb规章动词 regular verb不规章动词 irregular verb短语动词 phrasal verb 'freizl, 'freizl限定动词 finite verb 'fainai

4、t非限定动词 infinite verb 'infinit, 'infnit使役动词 causative verb 'k:ztiv感官动词 verb of senses动态动词 event verb静态动词 state verb形容词 adjective比较等级 degrees of comparison原级 positive degree比较级 comparative degree最高级 superlative degree副词 adverb方式副词 adverb of manner程度副词 adverb of degree时间副词 adverb of ti

5、me地点副词 adverb of place修饰性副词 adjunct连接性副词 conjunct疑问副词interrogative adverb .int'rgtiv关系副词 relative adverb代词 pronoun 'prunaun人称代词 personal pronoun物主代词 possessive pronoun p'zesiv反身代词 reflexive pronoun ri'fleksiv相互代词 reciprocal pronoun ri'siprkl指示代词 demonstrative pronoun di'mnstr

6、tiv疑问代词 interrogative pronoun .int'rgtiv关系代词 relative pronoun不定代词 indefinite pronoun in'definit, in'defnit名词性物主代词 nominal possessive pronoun形容词性物主代词 adjectival possessive pronoun .ædik'taivl冠词 article定冠词 definite article 'definit, 'defnit不定冠词 indefinite article

7、介词 preposition prep'zin连词 conjunction kn'dkn感叹词 exclamation .ekskl'mein数词 numeral 'nju:mrl基数词 cardinal numeral 'k:dinl, 'k:dnl序数词 ordinal numeral ':dinl, ':dnl分数词 fractional numeral 'fræknl限定动词 finite verb form 'fainait非限定动词 non-finite verb form

8、 nn'finit原形 base form数 number单数形式 singular form复数形式 plural form规章形式 regular form不规章形式 irregular form格 case一般格 common case全部格 possessive case主格 nominative case宾格 objective case b'dektiv性 gender 'dend阳性 masculine 'mæskjulin, 'mæskjlin阴性 feminine 'feminin, &#

9、39;femnin通性 common中性 neuter 'nju:t人称 person第一人称 first person 其次人称 second person 第三人称 third person（二）句子句子成分 members of sentences主语 subject谓语 predicate 'predikeit,'predikit宾语 object双宾语 dual object 'dju:l直接宾语 direct object间接宾语 indirect object复合宾语 complex object同源宾语 cognate object 'k

10、g.neit补语 complement 'kmplimnt, 'kmpl.ment,'kmplmnt主补 subject complement宾补 object complement表语 predicative 'pridi.ktiv, 'predi.keitiv定语 attribute 'tribju:t,'ætribju:t, 'tribjut,'ætr.bju:t同位语 appositive 'pzitiv状语 adverbial d'v:bil从句

11、clause从属句 subordinate clause s'b:dineit, s'b:dn.eit,s'b:dnit并列句 coordinate clause ku':dneit,ku':dnit, ku':dneit名词从句 nominal clause 'nminl, 'nmnl定语从句 attributive clause 'tribjutiv, 'tribjtiv状语从句 adverbial clause d'v:bil宾语从句 object clause

12、主语从句 subject clause同位语从句 appositive clause 'pzitiv时间状语从句 adverbial clause of time地点状语从句 adverbial clause of place方式状语从句 adverbial clause of manner让步状语从句 adverbial clause of concession kn'sen缘由状语从句 adverbial clause of cause结果状语从句 adverbial clause of result目的状语从句 adverbial clause of purpose条件状

13、语从句 adverbial clause of condition真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of real condition非真实条件状语从句 adverbial clause of unreal condition含蓄条件句 adverbial clause of implied condition错综条件句 adverbial clause of mixed condition简洁句 simple sentence并列句 compound sentence复合句 complex sentence并列复合句 compound complex sentence陈述句

14、 declarative sentence di'klærtiv疑问句 interrogative sentence .int'rgtiv一般疑问句 general question特殊疑问句 special question选择疑问句 alternative question :l't:ntiv附加疑问句 tag question反义疑问句 disjunctive question dis'dktiv修辞疑问句 rhetorical question ri'trikl感叹疑问句 exclamatory question iks'kl&

15、#230;m.tri, ik'sklæm.turi存在句 existential sentence .egzis'tenl确定句 positive sentence基本句型 basic sentence pattern否定句 negative sentence祈使句 imperative sentence im'pertiv省略句 elliptical sentence i'liptikl感叹句 exclamatory sentence iks'klæm.tri, ik'sklæm.turi句法关

16、系syntactic relationship sin'tæktik并列 coordinate ku':dneit,ku':dnit, ku':dneit从属 subordination sb.:di'nein, sb.:dn'ein修饰 modification .mdifi'kein, .mdf'kein前置修饰 pre-modification .mdifi'kein, .mdf'kein后置修饰 post-modification .mdifi'ke

17、in, .mdf'kein限制 restriction ri'strikn双重限制 double-restriction非限制 non-restriction时态 tense过去将来时 past future tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense过去将来完成时 past future perfect tense一般现在时 present simple tense一般过去时 past simple tense一般将来时 future simple tense现在完成时 past perfect tense过去完成时 pres

18、ent perfect tense将来完成时 future perfect tense现在进行时 present continuous tense过去进行时 past continuous tense将来进行时 future continuous tense过去将来进行时 past future continuous tense现在完成进行时 present perfect continuous tense过去完成进行时 past perfect continuous tense语态 voice主动语态 active voice 被动语态 passive voice语气 mood陈述语气 in

19、dicative mood in'diktiv 祈使语气 imperative mood im'pertiv虚拟语气 subjunctive mood sb'dktiv否定 negation ni'gein否定范围 scope of negation skup 全部否定 full negation局部否定 partial negation 'p:l 转移否定 shift of negation语序 order自然语序 natural order 倒装语序 inversion in'v:n全部倒装 full inversion 部分倒装 partial inversion直接引语 direct speech 间接引语 indirect speech自由直接引语 free direct speech 自由间接引语 free indirect speech全都 agreement主谓全都 subject-predicate agreement 'predikeit,'predikit语法全都 grammatical agreement gr'mæ