【致胜中考2021】九年级 Unit 12 （词汇+语法讲解）2021届人教版英语中考一轮复习

1、【致胜中考2021】一轮复习:九年级U12 词汇+语法讲解【单词默写】意思单词词性意思单词词性活着，有生气的愚人，傻瓜可相信的，可信任的骗局，恶作剧着火的，燃烧的女士，女子窘迫的，害羞的市场，集市使人害羞的(难堪的或惭愧的)军官，官员出乎意料的，始料不及的果馅饼，果馅派向西的，西部的意大利面条在上面西，西方向西，朝西工作日到，直到工作者，工人机场在上面背包，旅行包宣布，宣告豆，豆荚着火，燃烧街区取消，终止(特定场合穿的)服装，装束消失，不见奶油，乳脂愚弄不信，怀疑睡过头，睡得太久发现，发觉(钟，铃等)鸣，响【单词变形】单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词announceburncanceldisap

2、pearfooloversleepring单词复数单词复数单词复数airportdisbeliefofficerbackpackdiscoverypiebeanfoolspaghettiblockhoaxwestcostumeladyworkdaycreammarketworker单词比较级最高级单词比较级最高级embarrassedembarrassing【单词变性】believable形容词变动词_embarrassed形容词变动词_embarrassing形容词变动词_discovery名词变动词_disbelief名词变动词_fool名词变名词_officer名词变名词_worker名

3、词变名词_announce动词变名词_disappear动词变名词_【一词多义】1. above _ _The temperature in Hangzhou take the first place in China. Most time, it is above 35.There is a bridge above the river.2. fool _ _Its a tradition to fool others on April Fools Day.3. ring _ _ _He wears a ring around his finger.When it is time for c

4、lass, the bell rings.In the school, we have ring to remind.【词汇用法】1. alive: 近形字辨析: live vs. lives vs. alive vs. living vs. livelylive:/i/ live in sp./live a life/ai/ on liveLives:/i/ live 的三单形式/ai/ life的复数形式alive:/ai/ 活着的Living:/i/ 活着的The living girl is still alive after the accident.lively/ai/ 生动的Th

5、e interesting teacher makes our class lively.【高频短语】an person alive_feel embarrassed_as unexpected situation_West Lake_above zero_above the forest_April fools day_on the west of_at the west of_off the west of_burning paper_【攻占语法】时态(过去完成时)一、过去完成时的基本形式: _二、过去完成时的动词变化规则:变化规则done例词一般情况下以e结尾以y结尾以重读闭音节结尾三、

6、过去完成时的动词不规则变化1. AAA型 (动词原形与过去式过去分词同形)单词过去式过去分词单词过去式过去分词cost (花费)let (让)cut (割)put (放)hit (打)read (读)hurt 伤害)spread (伸展/传播)set (设置)beat (跳动)shut (关上)2. ABB型 (动词原形与过去式不同形，过去式与过去分词同形)单词过去式过去分词单词过去式过去分词dig (挖)mean (意思是)stick (粘贴 /刺)learn (学习)hang (绞死)burn(燃烧)hang (悬挂) catch (抓住)shine (照耀)teach (教)win (赢

7、)bring (带来)sit (坐) fight (战斗) hold (抓住)buy (买) keep (保持)think (想) sleep (睡)sell (卖) sweep (扫)tell (告诉)feel (感觉)get (得到)spell (拼写)lay (产卵)smell (闻)say (说)leave (离开)hear (听见)lend (借出)find (找到)send (传送)have/has(有)spend (花费)make (制造)build (建设)meet (遇见)lose (丢失) feed ( 饲养 )forget (忘记)*lead (领导) stand (站)

8、*shake(动摇) understand(明白)3. ABA型单词过去式过去分词单词过去式过去分词become (变成)run (跑)come (来)4. ABC型单词过去式过去分词单词过去式过去分词eat (吃) give (给) fall (落下)hide (躲藏)drive (驾驶)begin (开始)rise (升高)ride (骑)drink (喝)write (写)ring (铃响)steal (偷)sing (唱) freeze (结冰/凝固)swim (游泳)speak (说)blow(吹)choose (选择)draw (画)do (做)fly(飞)wake (醒)grow

9、 (生长)wear (穿)know (知道)take (取)throw (投掷)mistake(弄错)show (出示)go (去)break (打破)lie (平躺)see (看见)be(am, is, are ) (是)四、过去完成时的意义:1. 发生在过去的过去的动作2. 过去某一时间或动作发生之前已经发生的动作3. 过去某一时间或动作发生之前已经发生的动作五、现在完成时的时间状语:1. 时间状语: 1) by the end of+过去的时间, by then2) before+过去时, when +过去时，by the time+过去时3) 宾语从句中主句为一般过去时，从句用相对应的

10、过去时态【词汇练习】1. Look out of the windows. The clouds are so amazing! Now we are flying a _ them.2. In Kunming, the temperature almost stays a _ 0 in winter.3. We arrived at the a _, checked our baggage and wandered around the gift shops.4. People who are a _ after the big earthquake think differently ab

11、out their lives.5. President Obama a _ that he would make his citizens(国民) live a better life.6. Michael is an honest boy. What he said is b _, so we should trust him.7. Look! A house is b_ over there. We must call 119 to stop it at once.8. Because of the bad weather, the trip to the mountain is c _

12、.9. If we didn't take action, some animals on the earth would d_ and not be seen anymore.10. Columbus' d _of “the new land” changed the way of people's life.11. It was really e_ when I came to pay for the meal but found that I had left my wallet at home.12. Mary was so e_. She could only

13、 hide her face in shame.13. His mother went to the m _ and bought us some vegetables.14. His dream is to become a police o _ to help others.15. Anny was late for the important meeting because she o_ this morning.16. I was about to sleep when the telephone r _. 17. You aren't supposed to walk w_,

14、 Sir. The TV station is on the east of this road.18. Life is full of the u _. We never know what will happen in the future.19. My father is an ordinary w_. He works in a factory near my home.【语法练习】【参考答案】意思单词词性意思单词词性活着，有生气的aliveadj.愚人，傻瓜fooln.可相信的，可信任的believableadj.骗局，恶作剧hoaxn.着火的，燃烧的burningadj.女士，女子

15、ladyn.窘迫的，害羞的embarrassedadj.市场，集市marketn.使人害羞的(难堪的或惭愧的)embarrassingadj.军官，官员officern.出乎意料的，始料不及的unexpectedadj.果馅饼，果馅派pien.向西的，西部的westadj.意大利面条spaghettin.在上面aboveadv.西，西方westn.向西，朝西westadv.工作日workdayn.到，直到tillconj.&prep.工作者，工人workern.机场airportn.在上面aboveprep.背包，旅行包backpackn.宣布，宣告announcev.豆，豆荚bean

16、n.着火，燃烧burnv.街区blockn.取消，终止cancelv.(特定场合穿的)服装，装束costumen.消失，不见disappearv.奶油，乳脂creamn.愚弄foolv.不信，怀疑disbeliefn.睡过头，睡得太久oversleepv.发现，发觉discoveryn.(钟，铃等)鸣，响ringv.【单词变形】单词三单过去式过去分词现在分词announceannouncesannouncedannouncedannouncingburnburnsburntburntburningcancelcancelscancelledcancelledcancellingdisappea

17、rdisappearsdisappeareddisappeareddisappearingfoolfoolsfooledfooledfoolingoversleepoversleepsoversleptoversleptoversleepingringringsrangrangringing单词复数单词复数单词复数airportairportsdisbelief/officerofficersbackpackbackpacksdiscoverydiscoveriespie/beanbeansfoolfoolsspaghetti/blockblockshoaxhoaxeswest/costume

18、/ladyladiesworkdayworkdayscream/marketmarketsworkerworkers单词比较级最高级单词比较级最高级embarrassedmore embarrassedmost embarrassedembarrassingmore embarrassingmost embarrassing【单词变性】believable形容词变动词believeembarrassed形容词变动词embarrassembarrassing形容词变动词embarrassdiscovery名词变动词discoverdisbelief名词变动词disbelievefool名词变名词

19、foolishofficer名词变名词officeworker名词变名词workannounce动词变名词announcementdisappear动词变名词disappearance【一词多义】1. above 超过 在上面 The temperature in Hangzhou take the first place in China. Most time, it is above 35.There is a bridge above the river.2. fool 愚弄 愚蠢 Its a tradition to fool others on April Fools Day.3.

20、ring 截止 铃响 铃He wears a ring around his finger.When it is time for class, the bell rings.In the school, we have ring to remind.【高频短语】an person alive一个活着的人feel embarrassed感到尴尬as unexpected situation意想不到的场景West Lake西湖above zero0度以上above the forest森林之上April fools day愚人节on the west of在西边at the west of在西边

21、off the west of在西边burning paper燃烧着的纸张一、过去完成时的基本形式: had done二、过去完成时的动词变化规则:变化规则done例词一般情况下+edwork walk以e结尾直接+dlie die以y结尾把y改成i+edstudy以重读闭音节结尾双写末尾字母+edstop三、过去完成时的动词不规则变化1. AAA型 (动词原形与过去式过去分词同形)单词过去式过去分词单词过去式过去分词cost (花费)costcostlet (让)letletcut (割)cutcutput (放)putputhit (打)hithitread (读)readreadhurt

22、 伤害)hurthurtspread (伸展/传播)spreadspreadset (设置)setsetbeat (跳动)beatbeatenshut (关上)shutshut2. ABB型 (动词原形与过去式不同形，过去式与过去分词同形)单词过去式过去分词单词过去式过去分词dig (挖)dugdugmean (意思是)meantmeantstick (粘贴 /刺)stuckstucklearn (学习)learntlearnthang (绞死)hangedhangedburn(燃烧)burntburntshine (照耀)shoneshonecatch (抓住)caughtcaughtwin

23、 (赢)wonwonteach (教)taughttaughtsit (坐) satsatbring (带来)broughtbroughthold (抓住)heldheldfight (战斗) foughtfoughtkeep (保持)keptkeptbuy (买) boughtboughtsleep (睡)sleptsleptthink (想) thoughtthoughtsweep (扫)sweptsweptsell (卖) soldsoldfeel (感觉)feltfelttell (告诉)toldtoldspell (拼写)speltspeltget (得到)gotgotsmell (

24、闻)smeltsmeltlay (产卵)laidlaidleave (离开)leftleftsay (说)saidsaidlend (借出)lentlenthear (听见)heardheardsend (传送)sentsentfind (找到)foundfoundspend (花费)spentspenthave/has(有)hadhadbuild (建设)builtbuiltmake (制造)mademadelose (丢失) lostlostmeet (遇见)metmetforget (忘记)forgotforgotfeed ( 饲养 )fedfedstand (站)stoodstood*lead (领导) ledledunderstand(明白)understoodunderstood*shake(动摇) shookshookhang(悬挂)hunghung3. ABA型单词过去式过去分词单词过去式过去分词become (变成)becamebecomerun (跑)ranruncome