新人教版英语七年级下册1-12单元知识点归纳(共21页)

1、精选优质文档-倾情为你奉上Unit 1 Can you play the guitar?语言点梳理一、语法：情态动词：有一定意义，表示说话人的语气或情态，但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形一起构成谓语，没有人称和数的变化。否定形式是在情态动词后面加上not。变一般疑问句要把情态动词提到句子的开头，即：情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他？1.肯定句：He/She/I/We/They/You/Tom+情态动词can+动词原形.2.否定句：He/She/I/We/They/You/Tom+情态动词can+not+动词原形3.一般疑问句：情态动词can+ He/She/I/We/They/You/Tom

2、+动词原形？Yes，主语+can./No，主语+ cant.1）表示能力，“会；能”。 eg: Can you dance? 你会跳舞吗？2）表示请求或许可，“可以”。eg: Can I ask you a question? 我可以问你一个问题吗？1. play the guitar/piano/violin/drums弹吉他/钢琴/小提琴/敲鼓 play chess下象棋 play sports 做运动 play soccer/basketball踢足球、打篮球（乐器名称前加the,球类名称前不加the)2. join the art club加入艺术俱乐部/swimming club游泳

3、俱乐部 sports club运动俱乐部/story telling club讲故事俱乐部English club/ art club/ music clubjoin v.参加，加入 指加入某个团体，组织，群体，并成为其中的一员。What club do you want to join ?你想加入什么俱乐部？I want to join the swimming club.=I want to be in the swimming club.take part in 参加，加入某项活动，并在其中其积极作用。Eg. take part in the meeting参加会议3. want sth

4、.想要某物want to do sth.想做某事want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事4. be good at（doing.)擅长于=do well in 在某方面做得好be good with与相处的好be good for对有益5. like to do sth.喜欢做某事like doing sth.6. Lets do sth.让我干let/make sb.do sth.使某人做某事10. write stories写故事write to sb= write a letter to sb= write sb a letter 11.tell /speak/say/talk

5、的用法 1) tell讲述一件事实或故事等 及物动词tell sb. sth 给某人讲某事=tell sth to sb 把某事告诉某人tell sb. to do sth 告诉某人做某事 tell stories讲故事 =tell a story tell a lie撒谎2)speak v. 主要是讲说话的能力，往往接语言speak English讲英语3）talk 为不及物动词 往往加介词再接宾语talk to sb.和交谈/talk with sb.和交谈（指双方）4）say往往接说话的内容eg.Our teacher says we should study hard. say it

6、in English用英语说它12. make friends with sb.和交朋友13. play games with sb.和做游戏14. help sb. with sth.= help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事15. call sb. at 电话号码 给某人打电话拨+号码16. on /at the weekend 在周末 on weekends after school放学后17.do Chinese kung fu 打中国功夫18.be free 空闲的19. sing very well 唱得好 That sounds good. 那听起来很好20.E

7、nglish-speaking students 讲英语的学生21. Students Sports Center学生运动中心23.also /too/eitheralso/too用在肯定句,also 用于句中，too 用于句尾,either用于否定句句未eg. I am a student . He is a student,too. I am a student . He is also a student.I am not a student . He is not a student, either.24.and/or 连接两个并列成分 eg.I can sing and dance.

8、(and用于肯定句）I cant sing or dance.（or用于否定句）Can you sing or dance ?(or用于选择疑问句“或者”）25.at the old peoples home 在养老院27. need to do sth需要干某事need sb. to do sth 需要某人干某事28. wanted students for School show学校表演招聘学生v.展示；给.看 show sb. Sth= show Sth to sb.给某人展示n.节目；表演TV show电视节目29. teach v.教，讲授 teacher n.教师teach sb.

9、English教某人英语teach sb. sth .= teach sth to sb.教给某人某事=教某事给某人teach sb.to do sth教给某人做某事30. music n.音乐 musician n. 音乐家31.piano (pl.) pianosUnit 2 What time do you go to school?知识点梳理1.What time do you get up?What time +助动词do/does +主语+动词原形，询问某人做某事的具体时间。what time do you begin class in the morning?2.Whats th

10、e time=What time is it?是用来询问具体时刻，意为“几点了”。用it作答。Whats the time? Its 7:30.几点了？七点半了。英语时刻的表达法：顺读法和逆读法。顺读法：钟点数+分钟数。4：25four twenty-five，6:58six fifty-eight，7：00seven oclock说明：这种表达不论分钟数是多少，均可使用。逆读法：分钟为+介词to/past+钟点数，可分两种情况：1)分钟为不超过半小时，用分钟数+past(/past/过)+钟点数。4:23twenty-three past four，5:19nineteen past fiv

11、e.2)分钟数超过了半小时，用(所差的)分钟的+to+(下一个)钟点。7：31twenty-nine to eight，10：58two to eleven英语习惯上把十五分钟(fifteen)称作一刻a quarter，三十分钟(thirty)称为half/half，因此10：30，可以用两种表达方式，half past ten，ten thirty。10:45读作a quarter to eleven3.go to school去上学go to work去上班 go to bed上床睡觉 go home回家4.get home到家get to school 到达学校get up 起床 ge

12、t up early起床早get dressed穿衣服（表示动作）eg：Lets get dressed and have breakfast.dress sb 给某人穿衣服 She always dresses herself although she is only one year old.be dressed in穿衣服相当于wear I am dressed in a blue coat.5.brush ones teeth刷牙（teeth的单数tooth）(三单brushes)6.eat/have breakfast/lunch/dinner吃早餐(一日三餐前不加the)eat a

13、 good breakfast.吃了一个丰盛的早餐7.take a shower=have a shower 洗澡8.take/have a walk散步=go for a walk=walk10.do ones homework做家庭作业11.clean my room打扫我的房间My room is clean.12.eat ice-cream吃冰激凌eat a lot of/lots of fruit and vegetables吃许多蔬菜和水果13.do/play sports做运动14.eat quickly快速的吃quick形容词，快的。加ly变成副词形式15.play compu

14、ter games玩电脑游戏16.He works at a radio station.work:人们日常工作和生活中从事的体力和脑力劳动，各类工作。不可数名词job:指具体的职业或工作。可数名词17. 3 What a funny time to eat breakfast!感叹句：(1)What a/an +形容词+单数名词+主语+谓语!what a good girl she is!(2)What+形容词+可数名词复数+主语+谓语!What good girls they are!(3)What +形容词+不可为名词+主语+谓语!What terrible weather it is!

15、（4）How+形容词+the+主语+谓语！How terrible the weather is!How good the girl is!18.I usually get up at five oclock.1)句中usually与often 一样都是频度副词，常用于动词be 助动词和情态动词之后，用在行为动词之前。always 意思是“总是”、“永远”，表示动作重复，状态继续，中间没有间断。Eg：We always get up before six o'clock. He is always thinking of others.always>usually>ofte

16、n>sometimes>seldom>never（表示频率大小）2)介词 at 常用于具体时刻之前，意义为 在，如：at 5：00 在5：00钟。on，at，in这三个常用介词都可以表示时间和地点，但具体用法不同.on用在日期、星期几、节日前，也表示在具体某一天及具体某一天的上午、下午和晚上。on November 1st on Monday on Childrens Day on Tuesday eveningin用于月份、季节、年份前，当early，late用于句首修饰介词短语时，尽管表示具体某一天的上午、下午、晚上，都要用in，泛指一般的上、下午，晚上也用in 。Ear

17、ly in the morning of National Day，I got up to catch the first bus to the zoo.将来时态表“过一段时间后” 及“在.期间” 和“在某个季节，某年、某月” 都用in。19.an interesting job一份有趣的工作20.at a radio station在一家无线电台21.radio show无线电节目22.at night在晚上in the morning /in the evening在傍晚24.after that在那之后after lunch午饭后25.on weekends在周末on school da

18、ys 在上学日26.sometimes有时27.Its time for sth.该了 to do sth. 28.be late for迟到29.much time许多时间（much修饰不可数名词）many只能修饰可数名词复数lots of =a lot of许多；大量（修饰不可数名词或可数名词复数）30.half an hour半小时31.either or或者或者I either watch Tv or do homework on weekends.Either I or he is right./ Either he or I am right.(连接并列主语时，据就近原则)32.I

19、t tastes good.它味道很好。33.have a healthy life过着健康的生活（life的复数lives）34.make breakfast for sb.为某人做早饭Unit 3 How do you get to school?知识点梳理1. 关于交通方式的表达：1） 用动词短语：take the train/bus/subway/ship/plane乘火车/乘公交车/乘地铁/乘船/乘飞机 在句子中作谓语动词ride a/the/my bike骑自行车 ride a camel/horse骑马/骑骆驼drive a/the/my car开车，驾车walk步行2） 用介词

20、短语：by+交通工具（注：交通工具前面不能放任何修饰词，后面不能变复数）在句中只能作状语by train/bus/subway/ship/plane乘火车/乘公交车/乘地铁/乘船/乘飞机on/in+a/the/my+交通工具 在句中只能作状语on foot步行所有的动词短语都可以变成go to sp.+介词短语take the train/bus/subway/ship/plane=go to .by train/bus/subway/ship/plane=go to.by train/bus/subway/ship/planeride a bike骑自行车=go to.by bike=go

21、to.on a bikedrive a/the/my car开车，驾车=go to.in a car=go to.by carwalk步行=go to.on foot步行go on a ropeway乘索道=go to.on a ropeway2. It takes sb. some time to do sth.花费某人多长时间做某事Eg：It takes me two hours to finish my homework every day.每天做作业花费我两个小时的时间。It takes him/Mary half an hour to get to school every day.

22、每天上学花费他/玛丽半小时的时间。3. 1）How do you get to school？I get to school by bike./I ride a bike to school. （询问方式） 2）How far is it from your home to school? （询问路程）-It is ten kilometers.-Its about five minutes bus ride./Ten minutes walk/ Ten minutes on foot.3） -How long does it take？（询问时间）-About twenty minutes.

23、4.every day每天everyday adj. 日常的5.from to从到from Beijing to Shanghai从北京到上海6.the bus ride公共汽车的车程7.have a good day过的愉快8.go to school by bike乘自行车去上学9.stop n.停止，车站bus stop公共汽车站bus station公共汽车站subway station地铁站v.停止，阻止stop doing是停止做某事Please stop watching TV.不要看电视了。stop to do是停下来做另一件事是阻止做某事。Lets stop to have

24、a rest.让我们休息一下吧！10.think of想起；认为=think aboutWhat do you think of the TV show/playing chess？你认为这个电视节目/下象棋怎么样？11.cross the river穿过河流12.Its+形容词+for sb.+to do sth.对于某人来说做.Its easy for me to speak English .对于我来说说英语很容易.Its useful for students to learn English well .对于同学们来说学好英语很有用。Its+名词+for sb.+to do sth.

25、对于某人来说做Its their dream to have a bridge. 拥有一座桥是他们的梦想。It time to have lunch. 到了吃午饭的时间了。13.between and在 和之间14.an 11-year-old boy一位11岁的小男孩He is an 11-year-old boy.他是一个11岁的男孩。=He is 11 years old.15.play with sb.和玩耍17.Hes like a father to me.他对我像一位父亲 be like 像.e true实现19.afraid不是动词,是形容词,因此不能单独作谓语：正：Dont

26、be afraid.别怕.误：Dont afraid.1）be afraid of sth./doing sth.害怕（害怕或担心出现某些不良的后果）I am afraid of the tigers.我害怕老虎。I was afraid of hurting her feelings.我怕伤了她的感情.2） be afraid to do害怕做某事（因害怕而不敢做某事）I am afraid to go out alone at night.我害怕晚上一个人出去。20.for many students =many of the students 对于大多数的学生。21.love to do

27、 sth .喜爱干某事love to do sth=love doing sth22.River runs too quickly. 河流太快。23.Thanks for doing sth.感谢做某事Thanks for your last e-mail.谢谢你的上一封邮件。Unit 4 Dont eat in class.知识点梳理1.in class在上课时，在上课 in the class在班里Don t eat in class.别在课堂上吃东西2.fight with和.打架Dont fight with your classmates.别和同学打架3. noisy 形容词：吵闹的

28、noise 噪音make a noise制造噪音，大声喧哗Dont be noisy. 不要嘈杂。Please be/keep quiet.请保持安静。4. on time按时in time 及时We must be on time for class.我们必须按时上课.We finish homework in time every day.我们每天及时完成作业。5.in the hallways在走廊里in the dining hall 在餐厅里6.be/arrive late for school上学迟到7.listen to music听音乐8.eat outside在外面吃=go

29、out for dinnergo out出去 go for a walk=take a walk去散步9.a lot of= lots of许多；大量10.bring to把带到（带到说话地点）take.to.把带到（带离说话地点）Please bring my English here.请把我的英语书带到这里来。You cant take the book home.你不能把这本书带回家.11.have to do sth.=must do sth必须做某事，不得不做某事12.wear the/a school uniform穿校服be dressed in=wear穿着 13.practi

30、ce the guitar练习吉它practice doing sth.练习做某事I practice speaking English every day.我天天练习说英语.14.do the dishes洗刷餐具15.clean the room打扫房间16.on school days在上学日17.every Saturday每周六18.before 1）介词 before dinner在晚饭前before 10:00十点之前You must finish your homework before dinner.You must finish your homework before w

31、atching TV.2）conj.连接一个句子You must finish your homework before you watch TV.19.1）too many=many，用来修饰复数可数名词。They bought too many eggs yesterday. 昨天他们买了太多的鸡蛋。too much=much，用来修饰不可数名词。We both have too much work to do. 我们俩都有很多工作要做。much too= too，用来修饰原级形容词或副词。It's much too cold outside. You'd better p

32、ut on your overcoat.外面太冷了, 你最好把大衣穿上。too many rules太多的规则/too much time太多的时间20.think about考虑 think of 认为，想起21. strict是形容词,意为“严格的,严厉的”,可作表语也可作定语。如:Our head teacher is very strict, but we still need many strict rules. 我们的班主任非常严格,但是我们还需要许多严格的制度。be strict with sb.对某人严格要求Mr. Smith is very strict with his c

33、hildren.史密斯先生对他的孩子们要求十分严格。be strict in (doing) sth., 意为“对(做)某事严格要求”。如:We should be strict in (doing) our work.对工作我们应该严格要求。22.make the rules制定制度 follow /obey the rules遵守规则break the rules违反制度make the /ones bed整理床铺make breakfast做早餐make sb. do sth.让某人做某事23. in the kitchen在厨房26.Good luck祝你好运。luck是不可数名词lu

34、cky adj.幸运的luckily adv.幸运地eg：You are a lucky dog./Luckily，Tom passed the test.27. remember to do sth. 记住要做某事。如： Remember to post the letter for me.记住给我邮这封信。 remember doing sth. 记得做过某事。如： I remember seeing him once. 我记得见过他一次。28. learn from向.学习learn to do sth学习做某事/学会做某事 learn .by oneself自学Tom learns E

35、nglish by himself these years.这些年汤姆一直自学英语。Tom learns to speak English this year.汤姆今年学会了说英语。29. relax v.放松，休息Its a good way to relax. relaxing adj.让人放松的relaxed adj.感到放松的The TV show is relaxing.So I feel relaxed.这个电视节目很轻松，所以我感到很放松。 Unit5 why do you like pandas？知识点梳理1.砍伐树木 cut down trees eg：There are f

36、ewer trees，so we shouldnt cut them down. 2. kind adj.和蔼的，亲切的be kind to sb对某人和蔼可亲有点儿 kind of=a littlekind种类n.a kind of 一种··· all kinds of 各种各样···different kinds of 不同种类的3.在南非in South Africa4.挽救大象 save the elephants5.象牙制品 the things made of ivory6.三千多over three thousand o

37、ver=more than超过，多于7.长时间行走 walk for a long time用两条腿走路 walk on two legs8.整天睡觉 sleep all day all day整日 all night整夜9.来自非洲 come(be) from Africa10.什么动物 what animal(s)11.帮助某人做某事 help sb.do sth.help sb. with sth.12.由-制成 be made of13. friend n.朋友friendly adj.友好的be friendly to sb. 对某人友好14. one of Thailand'

38、;s symbols泰国的象征之一 one of 中之一后加可数名词复数，如做主语，谓语动词用单数One of his friends is Tom.他朋友中有一个叫Tom。15.猎杀大象攫取象牙 kill the elephants for ivory16.忘记干某事 forget to do sth. Dont forget to close the door when you leave.当你离开时别忘了关上门。forget doing sth.忘记做了某事I forget telling him about this thing.我忘了已经把这件事告诉他了。记住去做某事remember

39、 to do sthremember doing sth 记得做了某事17. be in great danger处于危险之中danger n.危险dangerous adj.危险的Tiger is a dangerous animal.老虎是危险的动物。Tigers are in great danger.18.好运的象征a symbol of good luck19.非常喜欢长颈鹿. like giraffes a lot(very much)20.有食物和水的地方 the places with food and water21.失去某人的家园 lose ones home（s） 22.

40、一种好运气的象征. a symbol of good luck23.欢迎来到动物园 welcome to the zoo24.real adj.真正的 really adv.真正地，的确Tom is a real hero.汤姆是个真正的英雄。He really likes to help the others.他真的喜欢帮助别人。25.句子：Lets see the pandas first.Why do you want to see the pandas?Why do you like pandas? Because they are very cute.Where are they f

41、rom? Theyre from China.Unit6 I am watching TV.知识点梳理1.看报 read a newspaper/book (reading,reads) 2.看电影 go to the movies(go to a movie) (going,goes)4.在电视上看划船比赛watch the boat game on TV5.看电视watch TV(watching,watches)6.做汤.make soup/dinner 包粽子make zongzi (making,makes) 7.打电话 talk on the phone(talking,talks

42、)8.听CD listen to a CD(listening,listens)9.洗衣服 wash the clothes(washing,washes)10.用电脑 use a computer(using,uses)11.在家学习 study at home.(studying,studies)13.购物 go shopping=shop (shopping) 14.踢足球 play soccer(playing,plays)15.游泳 swim=go swimming (swimming)16.锻炼 exercise(exercising)17.复习准备考试study for a te

43、st18.喝茶 drink tea(drinking)19.在外吃 eat out(eating)20.他的寄宿家庭his host family 21.考虑think about(of)22.没有地方比得上自己家no place like home23.和某人一块吃晚饭join sb. for dinner (eat dinner with sb.)24.像其它的任何一个夜晚like any other night25.给她的孩子们读故事read a story to her children26.在游泳池里 in the (swimming) pool27.在超市 in the super

44、market28.在客厅 in the living-room29.一位来自深圳的学生a student from Shenzhen30端午节 Dragon Boat Festival31.想念他家人. miss his family(misses)32.Would you like to eat out with me?你想要和我一起外出吃饭吗？ Yes，Id love to.我非常乐意would like to do sth.想要做某事=want to do sthwould like sb to do sth.=want sb to do sth想要某人做某事33.一会见。See you

45、 then(soon)34.没有什么事 not much35.我是珍妮 This is Jenny （spaeking）.（打电话用语）36.wish sb. to do sth.希望某人干某事 I wish you to be a musician.我希望你能成为一名音乐家。wish to do sth.希望做某事 I wish to fly to the moon.我希望可以飞到月球上去。37.让某人做某事 let sb.do sth.38.想要做某事 want to do sth.40.帮助某人做某事 help sb. do sth.41.一张我家的全家福 a picture of my

46、 family/Mr.Greens42.child (pl.children) man(pl.men) people(pl.people)43.delicious 美味的 adj.44.America n美国 American adj.美国的He is in an American family 他在一个美国家庭里。He is an American.他是个美国人。He is from American.他来自美国。Canada-Canadian加拿大-加拿大的，加拿大人China-Chinese中国-中国的/中国人，汉语Africa-African非洲-非洲的/非洲人45.现在进行时:be+

47、v.ing 时间状语：now listen look，right now 一般现在时：（1）v.原形 （2） /v.-es动词第三人称单数时间状语：often /usually/ always /sometimes/neverevery day/morning/Saturday/in the morning/afternoon/evening on weekends after school before dinner on school days46. 动词变现在分词的规则：1. ）一般的直接加-ing：look-looking2. ）以不发音的字母e结尾的，去e加ing：skate-ska

48、ting3. 以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节，双写最后一个辅音字母再加ingbegin-beginning Unit 8 Is there a post office near here?（一）重要词汇：1.police n.警察policeman policemen(复数)男警察； policewoman policewomen(复数).女警察police station 警察局； 2. post office邮局 3.pay phone付电话4.on Bridge Street在大桥街上 a3.neighborhood n.街坊、街区；neighbor n.邻居、邻国；4.free adj

49、.空闲的、自由的；免费的；freely adv.自由地； 5.easy adj.容易的；easily adv.容易地； 6.north n.南方；northern adj.南方的； 7.反义词：nearfar; frontback; rightleft/wrong; freebusy; 8.go along沿着走 9.turn right 向右转 10.turn left 向左转turn right/left at the +序数词+crossing.在第几个十字路口向右/左转=take the+序数词 + crossing on the right/left 11.on ones left/

50、 right在某人的左边 /右边12.in my neighborhood在我的附近；邻近 13. on the right / left 在右边 / 左边 14. excuse me 劳驾 19. far from 离远20. look like 看起来像 21. in life 一生中，在生活中 22. be free 免费（有空） 23.time goes时光流逝 24.climb the trees爬树 25.spend time with my grandfather与祖父共度时光（1）spend的必须是人。spend+时间/金钱+（in）doing sth. 花费时间/金钱在eg：

51、I often spend half an hour playing the piano on weekends.周末我通常花半个小时的时间弹钢琴。spend +时间/金钱+on sth.I spend 50yuan on my new coat.我花50元买我的新大衣。pay的主语是人，花费金钱（1) pay money for sth. 付钱买I have to pay 20 pounds for this room each month. 我每个月要付20英磅的房租。(2)pay for sth. 付的钱。例：I have to pay for the bill.我必须得买单。take主

52、语必须是物，不能是人(1) It takes sb. 时间to do sth. 做某事花了某人多少时间。例：It took them three years to build this road. 他们用了三年时间修完了这条路。（2）The bus ride takes me 10 minutes.公交车旅程花了我10分钟的时间。cost的主语是物或某种活动，做花费金钱讲(1)sth. cost (sb.) 金钱 某物花了（某人）多少钱。例：The new computer costs me a lot of money. 买这台新电脑花了我一大笔钱。26. watch sb. doing观看

53、某人正在做某事（正在进行的动作）watch sb. Do sth.观看某人做某事（经常性的动作或偶然性的动作） I am watching Tom playing soccer.我正在观看汤姆踢足球。I often watch Tom play soccer.我经常观看汤姆踢足球。（根据语境判断到底使用那种情况。）27. enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事enjoy oneself =have a great time玩得高兴，过得愉快We often enjoy ourselves in the park.=We often have a great time in the park

54、.我们经常那个在公园里玩得很高兴。（二）、介词和介词短语 1.across(介词)穿过、横过；cross(动词)跨过、横过；crossing(名词)十字路口，across from在.对面；at the first crossing 在第一个十字路口across （从表面）横过；through （从中间）穿过、穿越；2.next to在的旁边 7.between and 在和之间 8.in front of在前面 behind在后面9.on Center Street在中央大街上 10.near here在这附近 around here在这周围near在附近around在周围：大约（=abou

55、t）11. on 在.表面上（接触表面）；above 在上面（不接触表面）反义词below 在.下面； 12.over 在.垂直上方反义词under 在.垂直下方 13.in front of在.前面反义词behind在.后面； in front of在.（外部的）前面；in the front of在.（内部的）前面； 五、关于问路与指路：1.问路：1）-Where is the bank？-Its on Center Street.2）-Is there a bank near here？-Yes，there is. Its on Center Street.3）-Excuse me.How can I get the bank？-Go along Green Street.Turn left at the first crossing.Its on the right，across from the post office. 6、 there be与have/has的区别 （一）There be句型 1.表示：在某地有某物或某人。 2.在th