新人教版八年级英语下重点短语+句型+作文

1、八年级英语下册知识点UnitLwhat'sthematter?一.重点短语归纳1. footfeet脚复?toothteeth牙齿复?4.haveasoreback背疼2. haveacold感冒3.haveastomachache胃疼5.haveatoothache牙疼6.haveasorethroat喉咙疼honey加蜜的热茶9.drinklotsofwater多喝水11.liedownand(havea)resthavearest休息octor看医生7.haveafever发烧8.hotteawith10.That,sagoodidea好主意躺下休息12.seeadentist看

2、牙医seead13. lotsof,alotof,alotalotof=lotsof,可以修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词,一般用在肯定句中.：Therearelotsof(alotof)booksinourlibrary.Thereisalotofwateronthegroundalot,是一个副词词组,跟动词连用；表示十分,很等意思；Thanksalot.14. gotobed去睡觉gotobedearly早上床睡觉15. feelwell感到好feelill感到不舒服Idon,tfeelwell=I'mnotfeelingwell我感觉不舒服.16. startdoing/todos

3、th开始做某事TODO是一件事情完成了,开始做另外一件事情DOING是原来的那件事情做到一半,现在又开始做了,是同一件事情.17. twodaysago两天前18.getsomerest多休息,休息一会儿19.Ithinkso我认为是这样20.bethirsty口渴2Lbehungry饥饿22.bestressedout紧23.listentomusic听音乐24.healthy1ifestyle健康的生活方式25. traditionalChinesedoctors传统中医26. needtodosth需要做某事Ihaveatoothache.Ineedtoseeadentist.我牙痛,我

4、需要去看牙医.Weneedtokeepourclassroomclean.我们需要保持教室的干净.27. abalanceofyinandyang阴阳平衡28.forexample例如29.toomuchyin太多的阴,阴气太盛toomuch+不可数名词太多的muchtoo+形/副实在太极其,非常toomany+可数名词复数太多的30. begoodforsth./doingsth.对什么有益,对什么有好处bebadforsth./doingsth.对什么有害begoodto对好begoodat=dowellin在方面好,擅长begood(bad)for、begoodat的相关用法1. beg

5、oodfor对有益Doingmorningexercisesisgoodforyourhealth.做早操对你们的建康有益.2. begoodat擅长于LiPingisgoodatbasketball.平擅长于篮球.=LiPingisgoodatplayingbasketball.平擅长于打篮球.begoodat=dowellin如：I'mgoodatmath.=Idowellinmath.我擅长于数学.3. begoodto对好Parentsarealwaysgoodtotheirchildren.父母亲总是对他们的孩子好.31. getgoodgrades取得好成绩32. angr

6、y用法beangrywithsb生某人的气Iwasangrywithhimforkeepingmewaiting.我对他很生气,由于他让我等了好久.beangryat/aboutsth就某事生气33. Chinesemedicine中药34. bepopularin+someplace在某地很流行Chinesemedicineisnowpopularinmanywesterncountries.现在中药在许多西方国家受欢送.35. inwesterncountries在西方国家36. Itseasytodosth做某事是容易的.It'simportanttodosth,做某事很重要.3

7、7. balanceddiet平衡饮食38. gettired感到疲倦be/gettired39. gooutatnight在晚上出去Whenyouaretired,youshouldn'tgooutatnight.疲倦时,晚上你不该外出40. stayhealthy保持健康=keephealthy=keepingoodhealth41. atthemoment此时,此刻二now1'mnotfeelingverywellatthemoment42. enjoysth.=likesth.(名词)喜欢某物,enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事=likedongsthenjoyon

8、eself(myself,yourself,herself,himself,themselves,ourselves,itself反身代词)玩得快乐,过得愉快/haveagoodtime=haveawonderfultime=havefun43.conversationpractice会话练习44.hostfamily寄宿家庭45. havealotofheadaches经常疼痛I'mtiredandIhavealotofheadaches.我很疲劳,而且经常头痛.46. afew+可数名词复数少许alittle+不可数名词/形/副一点47. Heshouldn?teatanythin

9、g=Heshouldeatnothing.他不应当吃任何东西.48. givesbsomeadvice给某人建议giveadvice提出建议advice是不可数名词apieceofadvice一那么建议takeone'sadvice采纳或听从某人的建议Hegavemesomegoodadvice.他向我提了一些很好的意见.49. sleep8hoursanight每晚睡眠八小时50. takemedicine吃药服药Ihavetotakemedicinethreetimesadayformycold.由于感冒,我不得不一天吃三次药.二固定结构It,s+形+forsb.+todosth.

10、做某事对某人来说是的.It'simportanttodosth.做某事很重要<>It*simportantformetoeatabalanceddiet.平衡饮食对我来说是很重要的.It'seasytodosth做某事是容易的.It*seasyforustofindouttheanswer.找出答案对我们来说是容易的三.重点句子LWhat'sthematter?What'sthematerwithyou?你怎么啦？二Nhat'sthetroublewithyou?=What'swrongwithyou?Ihaveacold/havea

11、soreback/haveastomachache2.That'stoobad.Youshould/shouldn,t那太糟糕了.你应该/不该Youshouldliedownandrest/drinkhotteawithhoney/seeadentist/seeadoctor.Heshouldn,teatanything=Heshouldeatnothing.他不应当吃任何东西.1. 1'mnotfellingwell.这里well表示身体状况,不能用good代替Idon'tfeelwe11=I'mnotfeelingwell我感觉不舒服.4. Whendidi

12、tstart?Abouttwodaysago.什么时候开始的？大约两天前5. Ihopeyoufellbettersoon.我希望你很快好起来这里better是well的比拟级6. TraditionalChinesedoctorsbelieveweneedabalanceofyinandyangtobehealthy.传统中医认为我们需要阴阳调和以保持身体健康.这里tobehealthy是动词不定式短语,作目的状语7. Youshouldeathotyangfoods,likebeef.你应该吃一些像牛肉之类的阳性食物.8. EatingDangshenandHuangqiherbsisal

13、sogoodforthis.吃党参和黄茯等草本植物也对这有好处.9. Peoplewhoaretoostressedoutandangrymayhavetoomuchyang.太紧易怒的人或许吃了太多的阳性食物.to.much后跟不可数名词,而to.many后跟可数名词复数1.1 lt'seasytohaveahealthylifestyletandit'simportanttoeatabalanceddiet.有一个健康的生活方式很容易,饮食平衡是很重要的.fIt'seasytodosth.做某事容易/It'simportanttodosth.做某事重要11.

14、 Youshouldrestforafewnights.你应该休息几个晚上12. Istudylateeverynight,sometimesuntil2am,butIdon'tthinkI'mimproving.我每天晚上学到很晚,有时到凌晨2点钟,但我认为我没有提升.13believein信任某人,强调品质,believesb.相信某人的话Ibelievehim,butIcan,tbelieveinhim.他的话是真的,但是我不信任他这个人.14.Ihaveatoothache.Ineedtoseeadentist.fneed意思为“需要,作实义动词时,后跟动词不定式,否认

15、式为don't/doesn,t/didn'tneed(todosth.)；作情态动词时,只能用于否认句或疑问句中,否认式为needn't(dosth.),除有过去式外,没有其它的形态变化四.知识结构1 .情态动词should的用法should是情态动词,它的根本用法是必须和其他动词一起构成谓语.情态动词没有人称和数的变化,意为应该二should应当,应该用于所有人称,表示劝告或建议.eg.Youshouldwaitalittlemore.你应该再多等一会儿.Ihaveaverybadcold.我感冒很厉害.Youshouldliedownandhavearest.你应该

16、躺下,多喝水.2maybe与maybe1. maybe是副词,译为“也许、可能,相当于"perhaps".如:Maybehecananswerthequestion.也许他能答复那个问题.HemaybeisfromtheUSA,too.他可能也来自美国.2. maybe中的may为情态动词,译为“可能是.如：HemaybefromtheUSA,too.他可能也来自美国.ShemaybeourEnglishteacher,她可能是我们的英语老师3toomany,toomuch与muchtool.toomany意为“太多,用于修饰可数名词的复数.如：Therearetooman

17、ystudentsinourclass.我们班上有太多的学生.2. toomuch意为“太多,用于修饰不可数名词.如：Wehavetoomuchworktodo.我们有太多的工作要做.3. muchtoo表示“太,用来修饰形容词或副词.如：Theboxismuchtooheavy,soIcan*tcarryit.箱子太重了,所以我搬不动它.4 few、afew、little、alittle的区别和联系：1. few/afew用来修饰可数名词,few表示否认意义,没有,几乎没有；afew表示有肯定意思,有几个.例如：Hehasfewfriendshere,hefeelslonely.他这里没朋友

18、,他感觉寂寞.Thereareafeweggsinthebasket.篮子里有几个鸡蛋.2. little/alittle用来修饰不可数名词,little表示否认意思,没有,几乎没有.alittle表示肯定意思,有一点儿.例如：Thereislittleinkinmybottle,canyougivemealittleink?我的瓶子里没有墨水了,你能给我点儿墨水吗？5 notuntil直到否认句才,动词为短暂性或瞬间性动词Shedicin'tleaveuntilwecame.Hewentshoppingafterhegotup.=Hedicin'tgoshoppingunti

19、l/beforehegotup.until/till直到肯定句动词为延续性动词Westayedheretill/until12o'clock.Unit2I'llhelpcleanthecityparks.一.知识点：短语动词小结常见短语动词结构有下面几种：L动词+副词如：giveup放弃turnoff关掉stayup熬夜这种结构有时相当于及物动词,如果其宾语是代词,就必须放在动词和副词之间,如果是名词,那么既可插在动词和副词之间,也可放在短语动词后.2 .动词+介词如：listenof听lookat看belongto属于这种结构相当于及物动词,后面跟宾语.3 .动词+副词+介词

20、如：comeupwith提出,想出runoutof用完,耗尽4 .动词+名词介词如：takepartin参加catchholdof抓住1. cheersb.up使某人快乐、振作如：cheermeup使我快乐cleanup清扫clean-upn.清扫2. homelessadj.无家可归的ahomelessboy一个无家可归的男孩homen.家4. sickadj.生病的作表语、定语illadj.生病的作表语,不能作定语5. volunteertodov.志愿效劳、主动奉献volunteern.志愿者6. comeupwith提出想出=thinkup想出catchupwith赶上追上7. put

21、offdoing推迟做某事puton穿上指过程putup贴8. writedown写下记下9. callup打makeatelephonecall打10. setup成立建立Thenewhospitalwassetupin2000.这座医院是在2000年成立的.11. each每个各自的强调第一个人或事物的个别情况常与.f连用every每个每一个的一切的那么有“全体的意思不能与of连用12. put,touse把投入使用,利用Theyputthenewmachinetouse.他们把新机器投入使用13. helpsb.(to)do帮助某人做某事helphim(to)studyhelpsb.wi

22、thsth.帮助某人做某事helphimwithEnglishhelpdo帮助做某事helpstudy14. plantodo方案做某事plan+从句IplantogotoBeijing.=Iplan(that)IwillgotoBeijing.我方案去.15. spenddoing花费做IspentadayvisitingBeijing.我花了一天的时间去参观.spend-onsth.花费一在Ispent3yearsonEnglish.16. notonlybut(also)不但而且用来连接两个并列的成分(1)引导以notonlybut(also)开头的句子往往引起局部倒装.因此(DNoto

23、nlydoIfeelgoodbut(also)是倒装句.也是说得要把前面的句子中的助动词或者是情态动词放在主语的前面.如：Notonlycan1doitbut(also)Icandobest.我不仅能做到而且做得最好.(2)Notonly-but(also)-接两主语时,谓语动词随后面的主语人称和数的变化也就是就近原那么如：NotonlyLilybut(also)youlikecat.不仅莉莉而且你也喜欢猫.Notonlyyoubut(also)Lilylikescat.不仅你而且莉莉喜欢猫.常见的就近原那么的结构有：Neithernor即不也不(两者都不)NeitheryounorIlike

24、him.我和你都不喜欢他.Eitheror不是就是(两者中的一个)EitherLilyoryouareastudent.Notonlybut(also)©Therebe17. join参加(指参加团体、组织)如：jointheParty入党takepartin参加(指参加活动)如：takepartinsportsmeeting参加运动会18. runout与runoutofrunout(becomeusedup).其主语往往为物.如时间,食物,金钱,油等,本身就含有被动意义.Hismoneysoonranout.他的钱很快就花光了.Mypatiencehascompletelyrun

25、out.我没有一点而寸心了.Ourtimeisrunningout.我们剩下的时间不多了.runoutof主语为人,表示主动含义.Heisalwaysrunningoutofmoneybeforepayday.他总是在发工资的日子还没有到就把钱花完了.两者在一定条件下可以互换如：Thepetrolisrunningout.汽油快用完了=Wearerunningoutofpetrol.我们快把汽油用完了.Ourtimeisrunningout.我们剩下的时间不多了.=Wearerunningoutoftime19. takeafter在外貌、性格等方面与父母等相像besimilarto与.相像t

26、akeafter相像lookafter照顾takecareof照顾20. workoutv.+adj.结局,结果为Thestrategiesthathecameupwithworkedoutfine,他提出的这个策略效果很好.算出,制订出,消耗完精力等Heneverseemstobeworkedout.他好似永远不会疲乏似的.Heworkedoutaplan.他制订了一个方案.Ihaveworkedoutourtotalexpenses.我已经算出了我们总的费用.21. hangout闲荡闲逛Iliketohangoutatmallwithmyfriends.我喜欢和我的朋友一起去购物中央闲荡

27、.22. beabletodo能会beunabletodo不能不会23. thankyoufordoing做某事如：thankyouforhelpingme做帮助我24. forsure确实如此,毫无疑问Youdon'thavemoney.Thatfsforsure.你没有钱,这是毫无疑问的.25. fillwith使充满用填充Shefilledthebowlwithwater.她用水填满碗.26. likeprep.像27. helpsb.out帮助做事,解决难题摆脱困境Ican'tworkoutthismathproblem.Pleasehelpmeout.我不能算出这道数

28、学问题,请你帮我解决.28. trainn.火车trainv.练习trainsb.todo.练习某人做某事Shetrainsherdogtofetchthings.她练习她的狗去取东西.29. atonce=rightaway马上马上如：Doitatonce.马上去做.I'11gothereatonce/rightaway.我马上去那里.30. oneday有一天指将来/过去someday有一天指将来如：OnedayIwenttoBeijing.有一天我去了.SomedayI'11gotoBeijing.有一天我将去.31. speciallyadv.特意地专门地特别地spec

29、ialadj.特别的32. donationn.捐赠物donatev.捐赠赠送33. partofspeech词性词类34. disabledadj.肢体有残疾的disablev.不能35. handout分发handoutbananasgiveout分发giveoutsthtosb.分.给某人giveupdoing放弃giveupsmoking放弃吸烟giveaway赠送捐赠giveawaysth.to.giveawaymoneytokidsgivesb.sth.给某人某东西givememoney给我钱givesth.tosb.给某人某东西givemoneytome给我线36. volunt

30、eer可数名词"志愿者"adj.自愿的vi.volunteertodosthTheyaretheChinesePeople?sVolunteers.他们是中国人民志愿军.Ivolunteertohelpyou.我自愿帮助你.37. nolonger=notanylonger指时间上不再延续.nomore=notanymore指动作上不再延续.二.短语1.cleanup清扫2.giveout分发,发放3.cheerup=makehappier使.快乐,使振作4.afterschoolstudyprogram课外学习班eupwith=thinkup提出,想出6.putoff推迟

31、7.writedown写下,记下8.putup贴9.handout分发,发放10. callup打ll.serup=establish建立12.behometosb是某人的家园13. volunteerone'stimetodosth自愿花时间干.14.puttouse把投入使用15. elementaryschool小学16.plantodosth方案干.打算干17. coachafootballteamforkids练习少年足球队18. startaChineseHistoryclub开办一个中国史俱乐部19. runoutof用完,耗尽20.takeafter在性格或长相方面与父

32、母相象21. fixup修理22. giveaway捐赠23.besimilarto与.相似24.askfor索要25. acall-incenterforparents家长热线26.hangout闲荡27. putupsignsaskingforsingingjobs贴寻求唱歌工作的广告28. runoutofmoneyforsinginglessons学唱歌的钱用完了29. disabledpeople残疾人30. forsure确实如此,毫无疑问31. fillwith.用填充,befullof装满了.32. help.out帮助.做事,解决难题摆脱困境33. aspeciallytra

33、ineddog一只经过特殊练习的狗34. trainsbtodosth练习某人干.35. fetchmybook把我的书拿来36. partofspeech词性三.句子1. Wecan'tputoffmakingaplan.Clean-upDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.我41不能推迟制订方案,清洁日离现在只有两周了.2. Sheputsthislovetogoodusebyworkingintheafter-schoolcarecentreatherlocalelementaryschool.她在当地的一所小学的课后辅导中央工作,使这个爱好得到较好的利用3. Not

34、onlydoIfeelgoodabouthelpingotherpeople,butIgettospendtimedoingwhatIlovetodo.帮助别人不但自己感到快乐,而且我开始花时间做自己喜欢做的事了.4. Thethreestudentsplantosetupastudentvolunteerprojectatheirschool.这三个学生方案在他们校开展一个学生志愿者工程.5. Healsoputupsomesignaskingforoldbikes.他还贴了一些需求旧自行车的告.6. Thestrategiesthathecameupwithworkedoutfine.几米

35、想出的这个方法很效.7. Hedidaradiointerview.他接受了电台的采访.8. Weneedtocomeupwithaplan.我们需要指定一个方案.9. Youcouldhelpcleanupthecityparks.你可以帮助清扫城市公园.10. Henowhassixteenbikestofixupandgiveawaytochildrenwhodon,thavebikes.他现在有16辆要修理的自行车,并准备把这些修好的自行车赠送给那些没有自行车的孩子.Unit3Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?一.重要词组及短语1. Couldyoupleased

36、osth.?你能吗？/请你干好吗?2. dothechores做杂务3.dothedishes洗餐具4.sweepthefloor清扫地板5.takeoutthetrash倒垃圾6.makeone*sbed铺床7.foldone*sclothes叠衣服8.cleanthelivingroom清扫客厅9.stayoutlate晚归eover过来11.haveatest测试12.getaride搭车13.useone*scomputer使用某人的电脑14. hatesth./hatetodosth./hatedoingsth.讨厌某事/做某事liketododoingsth.15. dothela

37、undry=dosomewashing=washclothes洗衣服16. makebreakfast/makedinner=dosomecooking做饭17. washthecar刷车18. workon从事,忙于workat学习、致力于、在上下工夫19. borrowsomemoney借一些钱borrowsth.fromsb.向某人借某物借入lendsb.sth.=lendsth.tosb.借给某人某物借出Youcanborrowsomemoneyfromyourbrother.你可以向你哥哥借些钱.Canyoulendmeyourbike?你能借给我你的自行车吗？20. invites

38、b.todosth.邀请某人做某事Theyinvitedmetojointheirclub.他们邀请我参加俱乐部.invitesbtoaplaceinviteyoutomyparty21. gotothestore去商店22. agreesb.todosth.同意某人做某事agreewithsb.同意某人的意见disagreesb.todosth.不同意某人做某事disagreewithsb.不同意某人的意见23. takecareof=lookafter照顾、照看、照料takegoodcareof=lookafterwell把照管得好26. takesb.forawalk带某人去散步27.

39、playwithsb.和某人玩28. forgettodosth.忘记去做某事未做forgetdoingsth.忘记做过某事做过（1） do,make短语归类dothedishes洗餐具domyhomework做我的家庭作业dochores做家务,处理琐事dothelaundry洗衣dotheshopping购物dosomereading读书makeyourbed铺床makebreakfast做早餐makedinner做晚饭maketea泡茶,沏茶makeacupofcoffee冲一杯咖啡2关于to的短语总结：havetodosth.不得不,必须做某事needtodosth.需要做某事hate

40、todosth.讨厌做某事liketodosth.喜欢做某事lovetodosth.热爱做某事wanttodosth,想做某事starttodosth.开始做某事begintodosth.开始做某事asksbtodosth.请某人做某事forgettodosth.忘记做某事二.重点句型1. Couldyoupleasecleanyourroom?Yes,sure./Sorry,Ican*t.Ihavetodomyhomeworkfirst.2. CouldIpleaseusethecar?Sure./Certainly./Ofcourse./No,youcan*t.Ihavetogoout.在

41、表示请求帮助或请求允许的疑问句中,常用could代替can,以表示礼貌,委婉或不确定的语气,而can那么不具备这些语气.这种情况下不能把could看作can的过去式.以上两句中用could是为了表示礼貌的请求.表示请求帮助或请求允许时,除了can,could之外,还可以用may,句子的表达方式也各有不同,可以用不同的方式来表示同一个概念.例：Could/Can/MayIuseyourcarforaday?作允答可以各种各样：如同意可以说Yes,或Sure或Certainly,还可说Yes,(do)please.或Ofcourse.(youmay/can).或That1sOK/allright.

42、如果不同意,可以说I'msorryyoucan*t.或I'mreallysorry,butIhavetouseittoday.要防止说No,youcan*t.这样显得很不礼貌.否认答复通常用委婉语气.Unit4Whydon'tyoutalktoyourparents?一.重要词汇和句型1.get(1)买getsth.forsb.=getsb.sth.Canyougetsomefruitformewhenyou=Canyougetmesomefruitwhen2.3.(4)得到,到达WheredidWhendidyougettheyougottheyougobook?为某

43、人买某物goshopping?shopping?使,让get+宾语Pleasegetyoucoatgetsb.todosth.letter+宾补clean.使某人'?Hegothomelatelastnight.使某人某物怎么样Getyourmouth某物做某事closed.IgothimtocallJimyesterday.(逐渐)变得Theweathergetswarmeranddaysgetlonger.how(1)How(2)How(3)HowHow(4)I'mI'mWhydidtheteachergetangry?aboutwhatabout后跟名词'

44、代词、动词ing形式.向对方提出建议或请求aboutgoingoutfor向对方征求意见或看法abouttheTVplay询问天气或身体情况abouttheweatheraboutyourparents谈话中承接上下文fortyyearsold.fromBeijing.in9Howreceive收到Thegirlawalk?Howaboutsomethingtoeat?HowaboutbuyingthehouseHainanIsland?AretheyHowaboutaboutwasyounow?livingwithyou?you?9happytoreceivemanygiftsonherbi

45、rthday.receivealetterfrom=getareceivedIgotaletterfromaletterfrommyletterparentsfrom=heardfrom收到某人的信lastSunday.myparentslastSunday.IheardfrommyparentslastSunday.accept接受Hecouldn'tShewasverygladHedidn,treceiveIreceivedaninvitationtoacceptoursuggestionsbutourgifts.toreceivetheinvitation.agoodeducat

46、ionatuniversity.theparty,butIrefusedtoacceptit.4.a6year-oldchild一个六岁的孩子6-year-old是由“数词+名词+形容词构成的复合形容词,作前置定语,修饰后面的名词child.数词+名词+形容词构成的复合形容词,中间的名词要用单数形式:afive-year-oldgirl一个五岁的女孩asix-foot-deephole一个六英尺深的洞atwo-meter-longruler一把两米长的尺子a100meterrace一场百米赛跑aten-story-highbuilding一栋十层高的楼房atwo-inch-thickdicti

47、onary一本两英寸厚的话典5. tooto太而不能too后跟形容词或副词原形,to后跟动词原形,构成不定式.句子的主语与动词不定的主语不一时,可以在动词不定式前加逻辑主语forsb.Heistooyoungtojointhearmy军队.Themathsproblemistoodifficultformetoworkout.表示否认意义的nevernot和tooto连用时表达肯定一样.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.tooto可以与enoughto和sothat转换.与enoughto转换时,enough前的形容词,副词必须是too后面形容词,副词的反义词,并使用其否认句式.

48、Sheistooyoungtodothework.=sheisn'toldenoughtodothework.与sothat转换时,that后面的从句要用否认形式.Tomistootiredtowalkanyfarther.=Tomissotiredthathecan'twalkanyfarther.6. cost1动词,至费价缸需少钱5Howmuchdiditcost?2以.Idicin'tbuyitThemealcostus名词,成钉费用,为代价.becauseitcosttoomuch.about100yuan.价钱.atallcosts不惜任何代价；atLivi

49、ngcostsareWemuststopithigherincitiesthanthatintheatallcosts.Aftertheearthquake,thesoldierstriedtoreachthecostcountry.theareaofatthecostoftheirlives.7. pay,spend,cost,take的区别pay花费多少钱,主语是人.Sb.paxsomemoneyforsth.Ipaid5000yuanforthecomputerlastweek.Spend花费多少钱或时间,主语是人.Sb.spendsomemoneyonsth.Sb.spendsomet

50、imeiedoingsth.Ispent5000yuanonthecomputerlastweek.Shespent2hoursindoingherhomework.cost花费多少钱,主语是物.Sth.costsb.somemoney.Thisjacketcosthim200dollars.take花费时间,Ittakessb.sometimetodesth.花费某人多少时间做某事Howlongdoesittakesb.todosth?花费某人多少时间做某事？IttookLiuHong2hourstodoherhomework.Ittakesme10minutestowalktoschool

51、fromhome.Itwilltakethem6monthstobuildthebuilding.Howlongdoesittakehimtoplantthetrees?8. sleep,sleeping,sleepy,asleep,fallasleep,beasleepsleep动词,睡觉,强调动作.Iamverytired.Iwanttosleep.Hesleptfor12hoursyesterday.sleeping,Sleep的现在分词,表示“正在睡觉Don'tmakesomuchnoise.Thebabyissleeping.Theywokeupthesleepinggirl

52、andaskedherwhereherparentswere.sleepy想睡觉的,困倦的.Iamalittlesleepy.I,dliketogotobed.asleep睡着了的.TheteacherfoundTomasleepinclassandkepthimbehindafterschool.WouldyoumindturningdowntheTV?Thebabyisasleep.fallasleep强调从没有睡着到睡着的过程,不能接一段时间Icouldn,tfallasleepuntilitwasverylatelastnight.Helistenedtomusicandfellasl

53、eep.beasleep表示睡着后的状态,“睡着了,可以接一段时间.Hewasasleepforthreehours.9. choose动词,选择,挑选",过去式chose,过去分词chosenchoosetodosth.选择做某事can'tChoosebut只得pickandchoose挑挑拣拣Therearemanybookstochoosefrom.Wechoosemikeasourleader(领导).Willyouhelpmechooseadictionary?Everyonecan'tchoosebutobey(服从).It'sherhabit(习

54、惯)topickandchoosewhileshopping.10. present(1)礼物,礼品=giftWhynotgivehimacardasapresent?whatcanIgethimforabirthdaypresent?(2)目前,现在I'msorryheisoutatpresent.Youhavetoforgetthepastandstartlivinginthepresent.11. open(1)动词,翻开,开业,开,展现It'snotrighttoopenotherpeople,sletters.Wouldyoumindopeningthewindow?

55、Thedooropenstothesouth.Thisfactoryopenedin1998.(2)形容词,beopen开着的,开放的Inhisdreamtheflowersareallopen.Mostshopsareclosedbutseveralarestillopen.Onweekendstheswimmingpoolisopentothepublic.close动词,关闭,关上,合上Pleaseclosethedoortokeepthecoldout.closed形容词,beclosed关着的,关闭的whenwegottotheshopitwasclosed.12. .giveawa

56、y赠送,分发giveawaysthtosbAuntWanggaveawaythecandies(糖果)tothekids.Johngaveawayhisnotebooktome.其它短语giveup放弃giveback归还giveoff放出,发出(气味)givesthtosb=givesb.sth.把某物给某人13. ratherthan而不是后面跟名词,代词,从句Thecolorseemsgreenratherthanblue.Ifyouranratherthanwalked,youwouldhavearrivedearlier.Wedependonyouratherthanonhim.Youshouldhelpthemratherthantheyshouldhelpyou.prefertodosthratherthandosth.宁愿,也不Sheprefer