初中英语讲义(教案)：初二英语时态讲解一般过去时

1、初中英语讲义(教案)：-初二英语-时态讲解-一般过去时一般过去时.、导入孩子弄的大人没脾气儿子问老公：张飞他妈姓什么？老公：不知道。儿子：笨，姓吴，无事生非(吴氏生飞)都不知道。儿子再问：张飞他爸姓什么？老公思索半天，猛拍脑门：姓惹，惹事生非！ 儿子狂笑：笨死了！姓张！你不跟你爸姓呀。(1)专题讲解一般过去时1、定义：一般过去时表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用；也可表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作和行为。2、时间状语： yesterday , the day before yesterday , yesterday morning , just now , a mom

2、entago ,two days ago , last night / year / week , before 11:00 , in the past , at that time 等3、使用情况：(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。I got up at 7:00 yesterday.我昨天 7 点起床。(2)表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。He always went to work by bus last year. 去年他总是乘公交车去上班。4.一般现在时的结构及句型变化结构：一般现在时的结构主要有三种形式：(1)、结构一(谓语动词为be动词时)肯定句： 主语 +be(was

3、, were)+其它.(注：am,is 一was, are 一were否定句：主语 +be+not+其它.一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它？e.g. I was late yesterday.I was not late yesterday.Were you late yesterday?Yes, I was.No, I wasnt.e.g. They were in Bei jing last year.They weren t in Bei jing last yearWere they in Bei jing last year ?Yes, they were.No, they weren

4、tam 和is 在般过去时中变为 was。 (was not=wasn t)are在一般过去日中变为 were。(were not=weren t)(2)、结构二(谓语动词为情态动词时)(注意：情态动词 can , may , have to 等等。)肯定句：主语+情态动词过去式+动词原形+其它.否定句：主语+情态动词过去式+not+动词原形+其它.一般疑问句：情态动词过去式 +主语+动词原形+其它？E.g. The old man could swim 30 years ago.The old man couldn t swim 30 years ago.Could the old man

5、swim 30 years ago?Yes, he could.No, he couldn t.常用情态动词过去式如下：can could （能，会）maymight （可以）have to had to （不得不）shallshould （将要）用于第一人称单数will would （将要）用于所有人称(3)、结构三(谓语动词为实义动词时)肯定句：主语+动词过去式+其它.否定句：主语+ didn t +动词原形+其它.一般疑问句：Did+主语+动词原形+其它？E.g. Li Ming studied English this morning.Li Ming didnt study Engli

6、sh this morning.Did Li Ming study English this morning ?Yes, he did.No, he didnt.注：1.谓语动词为实义动词时，变否定句和去时不分人称和单复数，都是加E.g. We often played tennis in the past.We didnt often play tennis in the past.Did you often play tennis in the past?Yes, we did.No, we didnt.一般疑问句一律找助动词did来帮忙（过did 或 did not）2 .前面出现了助动

7、词，后面的动词一律用原形3 .变一般疑问句时，一问一答的关系当中,第一人称和第二人称要相互交施5.一般过去时的特殊疑问句：结构：特殊疑问词+ 一般疑问句？特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词原形+其它?弋二特殊疑问词+was/were+主语+其它？E.g. Where were you last night ?What did Jim do yesterday?Where did you walk to yesterday ?How did you find the job?6、动词的过去式1、动词过去式的规则变化(1)、一般词尾加-edstay-stayedask - asked(2)、以e结尾的

8、只加-dhope-hopedhelp - helped look-lookedlove - lovedlivef livedwatch - watched(3)、末尾三个字母以“辅+元+辅”结尾，且为重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音dance - danced4 / 10字母，再加-edStop- stoppedplan- planneddrop - droppedbeg - begged(4)、辅音字母+y”尾，变y为i,再加-edcarry - carriedstudy - studiedhurry - hurried2、动词过去式的不规则变化(见书后表格)7、口诀：动词一般过去时，表示过去发

9、生事；be 用 was 或用 were, have,has 变 had;谓语动词过去式，过去时间作标志；一般动词加-ed,若是特殊得硬记。否定句很简单，主语之后didn 添；疑问句也不难，did放在主语前；如果谓语之前有did,谓语动词需还原;动词若是was,were,否定就把not添。(2)变式练习、写出下列动词的过去式isamflyplantaredrinkplaygomakedoesdanceworryasktasteeatdrawputthrowkickpassdo、用be动词的适当形式填空。1. I an English teacher now.2. She happy yester

10、day.3. They glad to see each other last month.4. Helen and Nancy good friends.5. The little dog two years old this year.6. Look, there lots of grapes here.7. There a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today the second of June. Yesterday the first of June. It Childr en s Day.All the students very excited

11、.初中英语讲义（教案）：-初二英语-时态讲解-一般过去时四、巩固练习一、句型变换。1、There was a car in front of the house just now.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：2 They played football on the playground.否定句：一般疑问句：肯定回答：否定回答：二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. I (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father (read) a newspaper last night.3. We to the zoo yesterday, Tom to

12、the park. (go)4. you (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. he (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he .6. Gao Shan (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother.8. What she (find) in the garden last morning?She (find) a beautiful butterfly.9. It (be) Be

13、n birthday last Friday10. We all (have) a good time last night.拓展训练、句型转换。1、Lucy did her homework at home.(改否定句)Lucy her homework at home.2、He found some meat in the fridge (冰箱).(变一般疑问句)he meat in the fridge?3、She stayed there for a week.(对划线部分提问) she there?4、There was some orange in the cup.(变一般疑问句

14、) there orange in the cup?、单项选择：1. My father ill yesterday .A . isntB. arentC. wasntD. werent2. your parents at home last week ?A. IsB. WasC. AreD. Were3. The twinsin Dalian last year.Theyhere now.A . are; wereB. were; areC. was; areD. were; was4. your father at work the day yesterday (前 大)？A . Was;

15、 before B . Is; before5. Who was on duty last Friday ?C. was; areD. were; wasA . I amB. I wasC. Yes, I wasD . No, I wasnt三、用所给动词的适当形式填空。1. Don t the house. Mum it yesterday. (clean)2. What you just now? I some housework. (do)(pick)3. They (make) a kite a week ago.4. I want to apples. But my dad all

16、of them last month.5. he the flowers this morning? Yes, he . (water)6. She (be) a pretty girl. Look, she (do) Chinese dances.7. The students often (draw) some pictures in the art room.家庭作业、写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式、过夫式形式go enjoybuy eatget walktake dancewrite runswim findbegin eatplay study、用所给词的适当形式填空。1. Tom

17、and Mary(come) to China last month.2. Mike(not go) to bed until 12 oclock last night.So he(get) up late.3. Mary(read) English yesterday morning.4. Tom(begin) to learn Chinese last year.5. My mother(not do) housework yesterday.6. There a telephone call for you just now. (be)7. -When you(come) to chin

18、a? -Last year.8. (be) it cold in your city yesterday?9. How many people(be) there in your class last term?10. There(be) a football match on TV yesterday evening, but I(have) no time to watch it.初中英语不规则动词表1.AAA动词原形过去式过去分词cost k ?stcost k ?stcost k ?st花费cutk?tcut k ?tcut k ?t割，切hurth?：thurth ?：thurth?

19、：t受伤hithithithithit hit打，撞letletletletlet let让putputput putput put放下read ri：dread ri：dread ri：d读set setset setset set安排，安置spread spredspread spredspread spred展开，传播，涂spitspitspit/spat spitspit/spat spit吐痰，shut ?tshut?tshut ?t关上，闭起，停止营业7 / 10初中英语讲义(教案)：-初二英语-时态讲解-一般过去时2.ABB动词原形过去式 过去分词beat bi：tbeat bi

20、：tbeaten bi：tn 打败3.ABA动词原形过去式过去分词become bik ?mbecame bikeimbecome bik ?m变come k?mcame keimcome k?m来run r?nran r? nrunr?n跑4.ABB(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词burn b?:nburnt b?:ntburnt b?:nt燃烧deal di:ldealt deltdealt delt解决dream dri:mdreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt dremt做梦hear hi?heard h ?:

21、dheard h ?:d听见hang h?hanged/ hung h ?hanged/hung绞夕匕，悬挂learn l?:nlearned/learnt l?:ntlearned/learnt l?:nt学习light laitlit/lighted litlit/lighted lit点燃，照亮mean mi:nmeant mentmeant ment意思provepru:vprovedproven/proved pru:v ?n证明，证实，试验shine ?ainshone/shinedshone/shined ?un, ?n使照耀，使发光show ?ushowedshowed/sho

22、wn ?un展示，给看smell smelsmelled/smelt smeltsmelled/smelt smelt闻，嗅speed spi:dspedsped/speededsped/speeded sped加速spell spelspelled/spelt speltspelled/spelt spelt拼写wake weikwaked/woke w?ukwaked/woken w?uk?n醒来，叫醒，激发(2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“曲为t构成过去式或过去分词。动词原形过去式过去分词build bildbuilt biltbuilt bilt建筑lend lendlent len

23、tlent lent借给rebuild ,ri:bildrebuilt ,ri:biltrebuilt ,ri:bilt改建，重建send sendsent sentsent sent送spend spendspent spentspent spent花费(3)原形 一ought ought动词原形过去式过去分词bring bri?brought br?:tbrought br?:t带来buy baibought b?:tbought b?:t买fight faitfought f ?:tfought f?:t打架think e i?kthought 此tthought mt思考，想(4) 原

24、形-aught faught动词原形过去式过去分词catch k? t?caught k?:tcaught k?:t捉，抓teach ti:t ?taught t ?:ttaught t ?:t教(5)变其中一个元音字母动词原形过去式过去分词dig di dug d?4dug d?4掘(土),挖(洞、沟等)feed fi：dfed fedfed fed喂find faindfoundfound发现，找到get getgotg?tgot/gotten g?t?n得到hold h?uldheld heldheld held拥后，握住，支持lead li:dled ledled led引导，带领，领

25、导meet mi:tmet metmet met遇见sit sitsat s? tsats? t坐shoot ?u:tshot?tshot?t射击spit spitspit/spat sp? tspit/spat sp? t吐痰，stick stikstuck st ?kstuck st ?k插进，刺入，粘住，win winwon w?nwon w ?n赢(6)原形 一 口1即如一 口即血动词原形过去式过去分词feel fi:lfelt feltfelt felt感到keep ki:pkept keptkept kept保持leave li:vleft leftleftleft离开sleep

26、sli:pslept sleptslept slept睡觉sweep swi:pswept sweptswept swept扫(7)其它动词原形过去式过去分词lay leilaid leidlaid leid卜蛋，放置pay peipaid peidpaid peid付say seisaid sedsaid sed说stand st? ndstood studstood stud站understandunderstood ,?nd ?st? ndunderstood , ?nd ?st? nd明白lose lu:zlost l?st, l ?:stlost l ?st, l ?:st失去hav

27、e h ?vhad h? d, h ?d, ?dhad h? d, h ?d, ?d有make meikmade meidmade meid制造sell selsold s?uldsold s?uld卖tell teltold t?uldtold t ?uld告诉retell ,ri:telretold ,ri:t ?uldretold ,ri:t ?uld重讲，重复，复 述5.ABC (1) 原形 过去式 原形 +(e)n动词原形过去式过去分词blow bl ?ublew blu:blown吹drive draiv drove dr ?uvdriven driv ?n驾驶draw dr?:d

28、rew dru:drawn dr ?:n画画eat i:tate et,eiteaten i:t ?n吃fallf?:lFellfel fallen f ?:l?n落卜give gvgave 里ivgiven gv?n给9 / 10初中英语讲义（教案）：-初二英语-时态讲解-一般过去时grow cr?ugrew 叫:grown cr?un生长forgive f ? civforgot f ? g?tforgiven原谅，饶恕know n ?uknew nju:, nu:known知道mistake misteikmistook mistukmistooken弄错；误解，overeat ?uv?i:toverate ,?uv?reitovereaten（使）吃过量provepru:vprovedproven/proved证明，证实，试验take teiktook tuktaken teikn, teik ?n拿t