高级英语1何兆熊_unit1

1、Unit 1 Neat People vs. Sloppy People新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材（修订版）新世纪高等院校英语专业本科生系列教材（修订版）3Detailed ReadingContents24516Warm UpGlobal Reading Consolidation ActivitiesText Appreciation Further EnhancementSection 1: Warm Up Look at the two pictures. Think of words which you can use to describe the states of t

2、he rooms.messy, sloppy, untidy, disorderly, dirty, unclean, unorganized neat, tidy, orderly, clean, organized Lead-inBackground Information Section 1: Warm Up1. Which room would you like to live or work in?2. What is your room like?3. What are your impressions about neat people and sloppy people? Wh

3、at kind of features are associated with sloppy people and neat people?4. Look at another picture and tell what the picture implies. Lead-inTopics for discussionSection 1: Warm Up4. According to your former experience, what kind of people are likely to be of higher moral qualities? Sloppy people or n

4、eat people? Lets take a look at another picture and tell what the picture implies. Lead-inTopics for discussionSection 1: Warm UpLead-inBackground Information The picture implies that sloppiness is a moral problem, not just a problem of habit, for sloppy people are also “evil” people.Section 1: Warm

5、 Up5. Does Suzanne Britt, author of the text were going to study, think in the same way?Lead-inTopics for discussionSection 1: Warm Up About the Author Suzanne Britt: A poet and essayist, and Assistant Professor of English. Suzanne Britt was born in Winston-Salem, North Carolina. She earned her bach

6、elors degree from Salem College and her masters degree from Washington University. Britt currently teaches literature and writing courses at Meredith College in North Carolina. Background Information Lead-inSection 1: Warm Up A prolific writer, Britts poems have appeared in quite a few literary maga

7、zines; her essays and articles have appeared in various newspapers and magazines, including Newsweek, The New York Times and The Boston Globe. Some of them have also been widely reprinted in college textbooks. Britt is author of several books, including Show and Tell (1982), and A Writers Rhetoric (

8、1988). She also advises The Meredith Herald and The Colton Review.Background Information Lead-in vSkim the text and find out the answer to exercise I (Page 5) in Text comprehension.vRead the text again and figure out the answers to exercise II.vGo through the text and find out the topic sentence of

9、each paragraph.Section 2: Global Reading Section 2: Global Reading What is the authors argument of the text? Or What is the text mainly about?Structural Analysis Main Idea Through a comparison of the peculiarities of sloppy people and neat people in their daily life, the author is trying to convince

10、 the readers of the argument that the main distinction between the two types of people is a moral one, and furthermore, sloppy people are even morally superior to neat people.Section 2: Global Reading Please divide the text into 3 parts and summarize the main idea of each part.Structural Analysis Ma

11、in IdeaPart I(Paragraph 1) Introduction In Paragraph 1, the author introduces the topic of the text and presents her opinion that “neat people are lazier and meaner than sloppy people”.Structural Analysis Main IdeaPart III (Paragraphs 6-12) Description of Neat People Paragraphs 6-12 concentrate on t

12、he description of neat people. In these paragraphs, neat people are portrayed as cold-blooded, ruthless and very practical.Part II(Paragraphs 2-5) Description of Sloppy People Paragraphs 2-5 focus on sloppy people who are portrayed as having a high moral standard and ambitious plans. Besides, they a

13、re also described as “giving loving attention to every detail”.Section 2: Global ReadingDetailed AnalysisvPart 1 (P1) How does the author put forward her main argument? Direct/ blunt or indirect/obscure? What do you think of the way the author begins her argument? Does it have an effective beginning

14、? An effective beginning. Making a comparison between a neat person and a sloppy person in a blunt and unexpected way, which succeeds in arousing the interest of the reader.Overthrow traditional opinions of them.Section 3: Detailed Reading1 Ive finally figured out the difference between neat people

15、and sloppy people. The distinction is, as always, moral. 1 Neat people are lazier and meaner than sloppy people. 2 Sloppy people, you see, are not really sloppy. 2 Their sloppiness is merely the unfortunate consequence of their extreme moral rectitude. 3 Sloppy people carry in their minds eye a heav

16、enly vision, a precise plan, that is so stupendous, so perfect, it cant be achieved in this world or the next. Neat People vs. Sloppy PeopleQUESTIONSection 3: Detailed Reading3 4 Sloppy people live in Never-Never Land. Someday is their mtier. Someday they are planning to alphabetize all their books

17、and set up home catalogs. Someday they will go through their wardrobes and mark certain items for tentative mending and certain items for passing on to relatives of similar shape and size. Someday sloppy people will make family scrapbooks into which they will put newspaper clippings, postcards, lock

18、s of hair, and the dried corsage from their senior prom. Someday they will file everything on the surface of their desks, including the QUESTIONSection 3: Detailed Readingcash receipts from coffee purchases at the snack shop. Someday they will sit down and read all the back issues of The New Yorker.

19、4 For all these noble reasons and more, sloppy people never get neat. They aim too high and wide. 5 They save everything, planning someday to file, order, and straighten out the world. But while these ambitious plans take clearer and clearer shape in their heads, the books spill from the shelves ont

20、o the floor, the clothes pile up in the hamper and closet, the family QUESTIONDetailed Analysis Part 2Sloppy people have a high moral standard, give a loving attention to every detail. How does the author justify the behavior of sloppy people?Section 3: Detailed Readingmementos accumulate in every d

21、rawer, the surface of the desk is buried under mounds of paper and 6 the unread magazines threaten to reach the ceiling.5 7 Sloppy people cant bear to part with anything. They give loving attention to every detail. When sloppy people say theyre going to tackle the surface of the desk, they really me

22、an it. 8Not a paper will go unturned; not a rubber band will go unboxed. Four hours or two weeks into the excavation, the desk looks exactly the same, primarily because the sloppy person is meticulously creating new piles of papers with newPart Neat People lazier &meanerS1S2S3lNeat people are co

23、ld-blooded ( Para 6)lNeat people are practical (Para 7-9 )lNeat people are wasteful (Para 10-12)Section 3: Detailed Readingheadings and scrupulously stopping to read all the old book catalogs before he throws them away. A neat person would just bulldoze the desk. 6 9 Neat people are bums and clods a

24、t heart. They have cavalier attitudes toward possessions, including family heirlooms. Everything is just another dust-catcher to them. 10 If anything collects dust, its got to go and thats that. Neat people will toy with the idea of throwing the children out of the house just to cut down on the clut

25、ter.QUESTIONSection 3: Detailed Reading7 Neat people dont care about process. They like results. What they want to do is get the whole thing over with so they can sit down and watch the rasslin on TV. Neat people operate on two unvarying principles: Never handle any item twice, and throw everything

26、away.8 The only thing messy in a neat persons house is the trash can. The minute something comes to a neat persons hand, he will look at it, try to decide if it has immediate use and, finding none, throw it in the trash. Section 3: Detailed Reading9 11 Neat people are especially vicious with mail. T

27、hey never go through their mail unless they are standing directly over a trash can. If the trash can is beside the mailbox, even better. All ads, catalogs, pleas for charitable contributions, church bulletins and money-saving coupons go straight into the trash can without being opened. All letters f

28、rom home, postcards from Europe, bills and paychecks are opened, immediately responded to, then dropped in the trash can. Neat people keep their receipts only for tax purposes. Thats it. 12No sentimental salvaging of birthday cards or the last letter aSection 3: Detailed Readingdying relative ever w

29、rote. 13 Into the trash it goes. 10 14 Neat people place neatness above everything, even economics. They are incredibly wasteful. Neat people throw away several toys every time they walk through the den. I knew a neat person once who threw away a perfectly good dish drainer because it had mold on it

30、. The drainer was too much trouble to wash. And neat people sell their furniture when they move. They will sell a La-Z-Boy recliner while you are reclining in it. Section 3: Detailed Reading11 15 Neat people are no good to borrow from. Neat people buy everything in expensive little single portions.

31、They get their flour and sugar in two-pound bags. They wouldnt consider clipping a coupon, saving a leftover, reusing plastic nondairy whipped cream containers or rinsing off tin foil and draping it over the unmoldy dish drainer. You can never borrow a neat persons newspaper to see whats playing at

32、the movies. 16 Neat people have the paper all wadded up and in the trash by 7:05 A.M.QUESTIONSection 3: Detailed Reading12 17 Neat people cut a clean swath through the organic as well as the inorganic world. People, animals, and things are all one to them. They are so insensitive. After theyve finis

33、hed with the pantry, the medicine cabinet, and the attic, they will throw out the red geranium (too many leaves), sell the dog (too many fleas), and send the children off to boarding school (too many scuff-marks on the hardwood floors).QUESTIONACTIVITYComparisonThesis (moral)Sloppy People is morally

34、 decent.Neat people is morally wicked.Supporting idea1:Supporting idea 2:Supporting idea 3 Supporting idea 4Supporting idea 6Supporting idea 7Supporting idea 5(sufficient, follow a good logic)Section 3: Detailed ReadingDoes the article have an effective beginning? Why or why not? (Paragraph 1)Paragr

35、aph 1 proves itself a very effective beginning. Instead of drawing a conclusion at the end of the comparison, the author presents it at the beginning in a blunt and unexpected manner. The conclusion has completely overthrown the traditional opinions of the two types of people. Therefore, the beginni

36、ng succeeds in arousing the readers interest.Section 3: Detailed ReadingWhy does the author repeat the word “someday” so many times? (Paragraph 3)The parallel sentences beginning with the same word “someday” can emphasize the truth that more justifications can hardly be found for the behavior of slo

37、ppy people in their present life except offering some beautiful hope that all such will be compensated for by their future plans.Section 3: Detailed ReadingWhat rhetorical device does the author employ in such sentences as “They save everything, planning someday to file, order, and straighten out th

38、e world” and “the unread magazines threaten to reach the ceiling?” (Paragraph 4)Hyperbole is used in these sentences to exaggerate the rigidness and impracticability of sloppy people in their life.Section 3: Detailed ReadingWhat is the function of the sentence “A neat person would just bulldoze the

39、desk” in terms of the text structure? (Paragraph 5)The sentence serves as a transition from the description of sloppy people to neat people in the following paragraphs.Section 3: Detailed ReadingWhy are neat people no good to borrow from? (Paragraph 11)Neat people buy anything in expensive little am

40、ount and throw away anything theyve used. They dont have anything left that people can borrow from them.Section 3: Detailed ReadingWhat do neat people look like in others mind? What makes the author think that the difference between neat people and sloppy people is moral? (Paragraph 12)They are inse

41、nsitive and cold-blooded. According to the author, a more humane relationship is reflected in the behavior of sloppy people. For neat people, the primary concern in their life is to establish a neat but cold and inhuman order even at the expense of the warm and friendly relationship between them and

42、 their belongings. Therefore, the author thinks the distinction between the two types of people is moral.Section 3: Detailed ReadingClass Discussions1) Describe two people you know who have very different approaches to being neat and organized. Explain what it is like to be with each of them.2) How

43、would you describe the household in which you grew up? In what ways were your parents very organized? In what areas were they disorganized? Section 3: Detailed Reading in sentencesNeat people are lazier and meaner than sloppy people. (Paragraph 1)Explanation:This is a bold sentence, assuming that al

44、l neat people are lazy and mean, while some may beg to differ.Translation:整洁的人比随意的人更懒更自私。整洁的人比随意的人更懒更自私。Section 3: Detailed ReadingTheir sloppiness is merely the unfortunate consequence of their extreme moral rectitude. (Paragraph 2)Paraphrase:The reason why sloppy people are sloppy is that they enj

45、oy great moral uprightness, but their very sloppiness unfavorably biases other members of society against them.Translation:他们特别崇尚正直的道德品质，而这不幸造成他们日常生他们特别崇尚正直的道德品质，而这不幸造成他们日常生活的慵懒。活的慵懒。Section 3: Detailed ReadingSloppy people carry in their minds eye a heavenly vision, a precise plan, that is so stupe

46、ndous, so perfect, it cant be achieved in this world or the next. (Paragraph 2)Paraphrase:Sloppy people have excellent mental power of seeing and imagining, and what they construct is an accurate scheme, which is so marvelous and perfect that it cannot be accomplished when they are alive or after th

47、ey die.Section 3: Detailed ReadingExplanation:The writer employs hyperbole to emphasize the extreme moral rectitude of sloppy people.Translation:随意的人有超乎寻常的想象力和洞察力，有非常精确的计随意的人有超乎寻常的想象力和洞察力，有非常精确的计划。他们的计划是那么伟大和完美，无论今生或者来世都划。他们的计划是那么伟大和完美，无论今生或者来世都实现不了。实现不了。Section 3: Detailed ReadingSloppy people live

48、 in Never-Never Land. Someday is their mtier. (Paragraph 3)Paraphrase:Sloppy people live in an imaginary and wonderful place which is in every way other than the practical and realistic world we are now living in. It is their habit to put everything off till someday which will never come.Translation

49、:随意的人生活在随意的人生活在想象想象的世界里，总是寄希望于永远不会到的世界里，总是寄希望于永远不会到来的将来某一天。来的将来某一天。Section 3: Detailed ReadingThey save everything, planning someday to file, order, and straighten out the world. (Paragraph 4)Paraphrase:They dont want to throw away anything, thinking in their mind of arranging and sorting out the wo

50、rld someday in the future.Section 3: Detailed ReadingExplanation:Hyperbole is used here to exaggerate the ambitious scheme of sloppy people.Translation:他们把什么东西都攒着，舍不得扔掉，盘算着哪一天把整他们把什么东西都攒着，舍不得扔掉，盘算着哪一天把整个世界分门别类，好好个世界分门别类，好好归归整一下。整一下。Section 3: Detailed Readingthe unread magazines threaten to reach th

51、e ceiling. (Paragraph 4)Paraphrase:the magazines that have not been read are placed into a huge pile that is high enough to touch the ceiling.Section 3: Detailed ReadingExplanation:Humorous effects are achieved here by using hyperbole to emphasize the sloppiness of sloppy people.Translation:没有阅读过的杂志

52、都快堆到天花板没有阅读过的杂志都快堆到天花板那么高那么高了。了。Section 3: Detailed ReadingSloppy people cant bear to part with anything. (Paragraph 5)Paraphrase:Sloppy people save everything and dont want to sell or dispose of it.Translation:随意的人不喜欢处理掉任何物件。随意的人不喜欢处理掉任何物件。Section 3: Detailed ReadingNot a paper will go unturned; no

53、t a rubber band will go unboxed. (Paragraph 5)Explanation:Double negative “notun-” is used here to emphasize the determination of sloppy people when they decide to straighten out the desk. Besides, further emphasis is achieved by the parallelism in the two clauses.Translation:每一张纸都将被清理，每一根橡皮绳都每一张纸都将

54、被清理，每一根橡皮绳都会会放进盒子里。放进盒子里。Section 3: Detailed ReadingNeat people are bums and clods at heart. (Paragraph 6)Paraphrase:Neat people are actually stupid and incompetent.Explanation:This sentence parallels the one at the beginning of Paragraph 2. The author wants to convey the message that the world is n

55、ot really the way it appears to be.Section 3: Detailed ReadingIf anything collects dust, its got to go and thats that. (Paragraph 6)Paraphrase:If dust is gathered over anything, the thing has to be thrown away with no exception.Translation:任何东西一旦沾上了灰尘就统统扔掉。任何东西一旦沾上了灰尘就统统扔掉。Section 3: Detailed Readin

56、gNeat people are especially vicious with mail. (Paragraph 9)Paraphrase:Neat people are extremely cruel and relentless in dealing with the mail they receive.Translation:整洁的人处理邮件尤其冷酷无情。整洁的人处理邮件尤其冷酷无情。Section 3: Detailed ReadingNo sentimental salvaging of birthday cards or the last letter a dying relat

57、ive ever wrote. (Paragraph 9)Paraphrase:Neat people would take no pains to keep birthday cards or the last letter which was written by a relative who was dying. They throw away whatever they dont feel like, be it valuable or not.Section 3: Detailed ReadingExplanation:Hyperbole is used again in this

58、sentence to emphasize the relentlessness and cruelty of neat people in dealing with mail.Translation:他们不会怜惜生日贺卡，或者某位行将西去的亲戚的绝笔他们不会怜惜生日贺卡，或者某位行将西去的亲戚的绝笔信。信。Section 3: Detailed ReadingInto the trash it goes. (Paragraph 9)Explanation:Fronting of prepositional phrase. In this sentence the adverbial is p

59、ut before the subject to emphasize neat peoples destination of throwing away mail.Translation:统统丢进垃圾箱。统统丢进垃圾箱。Section 3: Detailed ReadingNeat people place neatness above everything, even economics. (Paragraph 10)Paraphrase:Neatness is the primary concern in the life of neat people. They would like t

60、o achieve neatness even at the cost of economic loss.Translation:整洁的人只关心整洁清爽，为达目的他们甚至不顾惜经济整洁的人只关心整洁清爽，为达目的他们甚至不顾惜经济损失。损失。Section 3: Detailed ReadingNeat people are no good to borrow from. (Paragraph 11)Paraphrase:Neat people are not the right persons for you to borrow things from, for they may not have