2019北京朝阳高三一模英语试题及答案

1、北京市朝阳区高三年级第一次综合练习英语学科测试2021.3(测试时间100分钟总分值120分)本试卷共10页.考生务必将答案答在做题卡上,在试卷上作答无效.第一局部：知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节语法填空(共10小题；每题1.5分,共15分)阅读以下短文,根据短文内容填空.在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空.AJohnCarterwasrescuedfromtheseanearhisholidayhomeyesterday.Theaccidenthappenedwhilehe_1_(walk)alongasteepcliffatthee

2、dgeofthesea.Hewasblownoffbyastrongwindand_2_(fall)intothesea,30metersbelow.Luckily,awomansawhimintheseasoonafterwardsandshecalledthepolicerescueservice.Mr.Carterwastakentohospitalwitha_3_(break)arm.mveryluckytobealive,“hesaid.I'can'tthankthewomanenough.BManyelephantscanpaint.Infact,elephants

3、inzoossometimesdrawontheground_4_astick.Seeingthis,sometrainersteachtheelephants_5_theycanholdpaintbrushes,andencouragethemtochoosecolorsandpaint.Ofcourse,noteverypaintingisgood.Justlikehumans,onlysomeelephantsareverycreative.Now,anonlinegallerysellspaintingsbytheseelephantartists.Bydoingthis,thegal

4、leryhopestoearnmoney_6_(protect)elephants.CGoldenGateParkisinSanFrancisco,California.Itisoneofthelargesturban_7_(park)intheUnitedStates.Overonemillioncolorfulflowers,treesandotherplantsgrowinthepark.Butoriginallymostofthepark_8_(cover)insand.Afteralotofwork,itwasfinallybuiltin1870.Today,therearemany

5、people_9_(visit)theparkeveryday.Theyplaybasketball,soccer,golfandmanyothersportsthere.Theparkisclosedinmanyplacestotrafficsopeoplecanwalk,cycle,orskate_10_(free).第二节完形填空(共20小题；每题1.5分,共30分)阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最正确选项,并在做题卡上将该项涂黑.AGameofLightandShadeItwasasunnyday.Ihadgoneupanddownthetower

6、when,outsidethedooratthefoot,ablindmancametowardme.Inamoment,hedisappearedupthestairs.IlookedatthesignthatsaidTotheTower,anddecidedto_11_him.Icaughtupwithhimintheticketoffice.ThereIwas_12_toseetheattendant工作人员sellinghimaticketasifhewereanyothervisitor.Then,withtheticketinonehandand_13_thewallwiththe

7、fingersoftheother,theblindmanreachedthestairs_14_tothehallway.“ThatmanisblindWhatwouldablindmanclimbupthetowerfor?Isaidtotheattendant,expectinghimtoshowsome_15_,buthedidn'tanswer.“Notthe16_certainly,“Isaid.aPerhapshe1wants'tobutIamIboughtaticketand_18_upthestairs.Themanhadn'tgoneasfarasI

8、19_.Athirdofthewayupthetower,Iheardhis_20_.Isloweddownandfollowedhimatalittle_21_.Hestoppedfromtimetotime.Whenhegottothebalcony阳台,Iwasadozensteps_22_.AsIreachedit,Isawhimatthecornerofthetower.Atlast,aftertenminutes,I_23_him."Excuseme,“IsaidaspolitelyasIcould,curioustoknow_24_youcameup.Hesmiled.

9、Comingupthestairs,youwillnoticehownotjustlightbutsun_25_intothetowerthroughthenarrowwindowshereandthere,sothatyoucanfeelthe_26_thecoolstairssuddenlybecomequitewarmandhowupherebehindthewallthereis_27_,butassoonasgoingoppositeawindowyoucanfindthesun.Thereisno_28_sogoodasthisforfeelingthedifferencebetw

10、eenlightandshade.ItisnotthefirsttimeI'vecomeup.Theblindmanseemedquite_29_,justlikeachildwhowasenjoyinghisfavoritegames.Hetoldmethetruththatblindmencanalsofindthebeautyinlife_30_theycannotenjoythesightsoftheworld.11.A.acceptB.followC.controlD.visit12.A.frightenedB.disappointedC.surprisedD.embarra

11、ssed13.A.touchingB.climbingC.hittingD.covering14.A.pointingB.attachingC.contributingD.leading15.A.respectB.doubtC.concernD.sympathy16.A.viewB.testC.prizeD.trick17.A.kickB.jumpC.relaxD.escape18.A.struggledB.exploredC.wanderedD.hurried19.A.promisedB.examinedC.imaginedD.confirmed20.A.stepsB.wordsC.secr

12、etsD.cheers21.A.standardB.distanceC.expenseD.intention22.A.aheadB.aroundC.outsideD.behind23.A.recognizedB.surroundedC.approachedD.witnessed24.A.whyB.howC.whenD.whether25.A.knocksB.poursC.slidesD.bursts26.A.trendB.reactionC.changeD.honor27. A.light28. A.place29. A.nervous30. A.unlessB.spaceB.signalB.

13、contentB.becauseC.messD.shadeC.objectC.curiousC.onceD.periodD.patientD.although第二局部：阅读理解共两节,40分第一节共15小题；每题2分,共30分阅读以下短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最正确选项,并在做题卡上将该项涂黑.AGetInvolved!MakeaDonation!Sowhatisrewilding?Imagineournaturalhomesgrowinginsteadofshrinking.Imaginespecies即口曲口物种diversifyinginsteadofdeclini

14、ng.That'srewilding.Rewildingisecologicalrestoration.Rewildingoffershopeforwildlife,humansandtheplanet.Whyisrewildingimportantandnecessary? Ournaturalecologyisbroken.Theplaceswhereyouwouldexpectwildlifetoexisthavebeenreducedtowetdeserts.Theseabedhasbeendestroyedandtherehavebeennolivingcreaturesan

15、ymore. Ourwildlifeisdisappearing.Manywonderfulspecieshavedeclinedoverthepastcentury.We'velostmoreofourlaagimalsthananyEuropeancountry. Weneedkeystonespecies.Thesevitalspecies,includingtoppredators食肉动物,driveecologicalprocesses.Theirlosshasworsenedourlivingsystems. Naturelooksafterus.Goodnaturalec

16、ologycanprovideuswithcleanairandwater,preventfloodingandstorecarbon.Rewildingcanleavetheworldinabetterstatethanitistoday.Whatarechallenges?Asalong-termproject,ourrewildingbritainhasitschallenges.Manypeoplearenotinterested,becausewehavegotusedtothelackofnativeforests.Manyfarmersopposetheidea.Theythou

17、ghtitacrazyideatobringbackpredatorsbecausetheywouldstartkillingfarmanimals.Ittakestimetoeducatethem.Aboveall,weneedmoney!Soweneedyourhelp!Makeadonation.Helpusbringbacklivingsystemsandrestorewildnature!Withyourhelpwecan. Openupnewchancesforrewildingandpushforchange. Developtoolstoeducate,influenceand

18、spreadtheword.Thanksforyoursupport.31. Whichofthefollowingistheresultofrewilding?A.Speciesbecomevarious.B.Alotofanimalsdisappear.C.Environmentsaredestroyed.D.Naturaldisastershappenregularly.32. Accordingtothepassage,oneofthechallengesatpresentis.A.people'doubtsB.alackofvolunteersC.ashortageoftim

19、eD.farmersdisagreement33. Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?A. Tointroduceanewproject.B. Tocallonpeopletogivemoney.C. Towarnpeopleofthenaturalecology.D. Toconvincepeopletochangetheirmind.BFlyingHighBarringtonIrvingmadehishistoricflightandfoundedaneducationalnon-profit-makingorganization.Hismessagefor

20、kids:"Theonlythingthatseparatesyoufromscientistsisdetermination,hardworkandastronglikingforwhatyouwanttoachieve."Thesecret,hebelieves,ishavingadreaminthefirstplace,andthatstartswithlearningexperiencesthatinspirekidstobuildcareers.ThemomentofinspirationforIrvingcameattheageof15inhisparents&

21、#39;rteoOkneodidn'thinkIwassmartenough;butthenextdayhetookmetothecockpit驾驶舱ofthecommercialairplaneheflew,andjustlikethatIwashooked.customer,aprofessionalpilot,askedIrvingifheoutbecdotmhoinugghatpaiblot.ItoldhimITofollowhisdream,IrvingturneddownafootballscholarshiptotheUniversityofFlorida.Hewashe

22、dairplanestoearnmoneyforaflightschoolandincreasedhisflyingskillsbypractisingathomeona$40flightsimulator模拟videogame.Thenanotherdreamtookhold:flyingalonearoundtheworld.Hefacedmorethan50rejectionsforsponsorshipbeforeconvincingsomecompaniestodonateaircraftcomponents.Hetookoffwithnoweatherradar,node-icin

23、gsystem,andjust$30inhispocket.todo'thinkgspeoplesayIcan.“'tdoAfter97days,26stopsanddozensofthunderstorms,hetoucheddowntoacheeringcrowdinMiami."Itwasseeingosmanyyoungpeoplewatchingandlisteningthatpushedmeintogivingbackwithmyknowledgeandexperience/'Irvinghasbeendoingiteversince.Hesetu

24、phisnon-profit-makingorganization,ExperienceAviation航空,aimingtoincreasethenumbersofyouthinaviationandscience-relatedcareers.Kidsattendprogrammesdealingwithhands-onroboticsprojectsandflightsimulatorchallenges.“Wewanttocreatechancesforstudentstoaccomplishsomethingamazing,“henotes.PerhapsIrving'smo

25、stpowerfuleducationaltoolistheexamplehisownlifeprovides.Afterlandinghisrecord-breakingflightatage23,hesaid,tOBveryOwastooyoung,thatIdidn'thaveenoughexperiencsirength,orknowledge.TheytoldmeitwouldtakeforeverandI'dnevercomehome.Well.guesswhat?"34. AccordingtoIrving,whatisthemostimportanti

26、nachievingsuccess?A. Meetingpeoplewhoprovideunexpectedhelp.B. Gettingachancetostudytechnicalknowledge.C. Havingsomethingspecificthatyouwanttoaccomplish.D. Developingcommunicationwithdifferentorganizations.35. WhatIrvingrepliedtothepilotinthebookstoresuggestedthat.A. hefeltembarrassedtorefusetheoffer

27、B. hewasdoubtfulabouthisownabilitiesC. heknewhiseffortswouldberewardedD. herealizedimmediatelyhowluckyhewas36.WhatcanwelearnaboutIrvinginParagraph3?A. Hechosetoreducehisbudgetaslowaspossible.B. Hewasfinallygivenenoughmoneytokeepgoing.C. Hegotthemostusefulflyingtipsfromhisvideogame.D. Hetookonafurthe

28、rchallengeafterheknewhowtofly.37. Irvingsetuphisnon-profit-makingorganizationbecause.A. hehopedtobecomeapublicfigureB. heexpectedtostartabusinessinotherfieldsC. hesawtherewasgreatinterestinwhathewasdoingD. hethoughthecouldteachmorethanflightschoolscouldCTrainingtheBrainPeoplewhocanaccomplishunbeliev

29、abletasks,suchasmemorizingthousandsofrandomnumbersinunderanhour,statethattheyjusthavenormalbrains.SomememorysuperstarscompeteinOlympic-likeWorldMemoryChampionships.Thesementalathletes,orMAsforshort,canmemorizenamesofdozensofstrangersinafewminutesoranypoemhandedthem.EdCooke,a24-year-oldMA,explainsthe

30、yseethemselvesasparticipantsrescuingthelong-lostartofmemorytraining.Thesetechniquesexistednottorecalluselessinformation,buttocutintothebrainbasictextandideas.AstudyinthejournalNatureexaminedeightpeoplewhofinishednearthetopoftheWorldMemoryChampionships.Thescientistsexaminedwhethertheirbrainswerefunda

31、mentallydifferentfromeveryoneelseorswhethertheyweresimplymakingbetteruseofmemorizingabilitiesweallpossess.TheyputtheMAsandcontrolsubjectsintobrainscannersandhadthemmemorizenumbersandphotographs.Theresultsurprisedeveryone.ThebrainsoftheMAsandthoseofthecontrolsubjectswereindistinguishable.Oneverytest,

32、theMAsscoredinthenormalrange.However,whenthescientistsexaminedwhatpartofthebrainwasusedduringamemoryactivity,theyfoundtheMAsreliedmoreheavilyonareasinthebraininvolvedinspatialmemory.MAsofferanexplanation:anythingcanbefixeduponourmemoriesandkeptinorderbyconstructingabuildingintheimaginationandfilling

33、itwithpicturesofwhatneedstoberecalled.Datingbacktothefifthcentury,thebuildingiscalledamemorypalace.Evenaslateasthefourteenthcentury,whentherewerecopiesofanytext,scholarsneededtorememberwhatwasreadtothem.Readingtorememberrequiresadifferenttechniquethanspeedreading.Ifsomethingismadememorable,ithastobe

34、repeated.Untilrelativelyrecently,peoplereadonlyafewbooksintensively细致地againandagain,usuallyaloud.Todaywereadextensively,usuallyonlyonceandwithoutcontinuousfocus.Sothegreatdifferenceistheabilitytocreateimpressivepicturesinmindandtodoitquickly.Usingmemorypalaces,MAscreatememorizedpictures.Forexample,r

35、ecombinethepicturestoformunforgettablescenessuchasthewaysthroughatown.Onecompetitorusedhisownbodypartstohelphimmemorizea57,000-worddictionary.Anyonewhowishestotrainthemindneedsfirsttocreatefantasticalpalacesintheimagination.Thentheyshouldcuteachbuildingintocubbyholesformemories.Inashortamountoftime,

36、theywillnoticeimprovementwithrememberingthings.Tokeeptheskillsharp,MAsdeliberatelyemptytheirpalacesaftercompetitions,sotheycanreusethemandtheyrecommendthatbeginnersdothesame.38. WecanlearnfromParagraph2thatamentalathlete.A.ownsabrainthatislargerinsizeB.showsagiftinmentalabilitytestsC.usesthememorizi

37、ngtechniquebetterD.dependslessontheareasthatcontrolspatialmemory39. Whydoestheauthormentionspeedreading"inParagraph3?A. Todiscussthememorizingtechniqueinthefifthcentury.B. Togivethereasonwhypeoplereadonlyafewbookscarefully.C. Toexplainthetextfourteenthcenturyscholarshadtoremember.D. Tocompareth

38、etypeofreadingnowadayswiththatofearliertimes.40.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph4?A. Thereisavarietyofunforgettablescenes.B. Memorypalacescanbequicklyforgotten.C. Impressivepicturesareinactualbuildings.D. Onepersonprobablyhas57,000bodyparts.41. WhatdoestheunderlinedwordCubbyholes"inthelastparagra

39、phprobablymean?A.Smallspaces.B.Blacksholes.C.Technicalskills.D.Differentnumbers.DEarlyorLaterDayCareManyyoungparentsareconfusedaboutwhethertheirchildrenshouldhaveearlydaycare,andtherehavealwaysbeendifferentviewsonthissubject.TheBritishpsychoanalystJohnBowlbybelievesthatseparationfromparentsduringthe

40、sensitive“attachmentperiodfrombirthtothreemayscarachild;personalityandleadtopsychologicalproblemsinlaterlife.SomepeoplehavedrawntheconclusionfromBowlby'sworkthatchildrenshouldnotbesubjectedtodaycarebeforethreebecauseoftheparentalseparationitcauses,andmanypeopledobelievethis.AccordingtoBowlby,agr

41、eatdealofpsychologicalharmcanoccurwhenyoungchildrenareseparatedfromtheirparents.Iftheyareleftwithouttouchforawhile,theywillhaveahigherstresslevel.Parentsnfluienceontheirchildren-besingethayneverbegreaterthanduringtheearliestyearsoflife,whenachild'sbrainisdevelopragpidlyandwhennearlyallofherorhis

42、experiencesareshapedbyparentsandthefamilyenvironment.However,therearecritics.Someanthropologists人类学家pointoutthattheloveaffairbetweenchildrenandparentsfoundinmodernsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistintraditionalsocieties.Therehasbeenalonghistoryofthefactthatfatherandmotherdidnotbringuptheirchildrenalone.Pl

43、ato,around394B.C.,arguedthatasystemofearlychildcarewouldfreewomentoparticipateinsociety.ResultsfromIsraeliandDutchstudiesshowthatchild-raisingdutiesaremoreevenlydistributedamongabroadergroupofpeople.Besides,studieshavereportedthatearlydaycarehasaneutralorslightlypositiveeffectonchildren'sdevelop

44、mThteylearnthebenefitsofbeingsociallysmart,understandingtheconceptofsharingandcaring.Theypromoteconcentrationskills,whichisveryimportantintheirlearning.Therearegameswherechildrenaretaughtbasiclanguageandmathematicalskillsthroughstoriesandeverydayexamples.Commonsensetellsusthatearlydaycarewouldnotbes

45、owidespreadifchildrenhadproblemswithit.ButBowlbysanalysisraisesthepossibilitythatithasdelayedeffects.Thepossibilitythatsuchcaremightleadtomorementalillness15or20yearslatercanonlybeexploredbytheuseofstatistics.Whateverthelong-termeffects,parentssometimesfindtheimmediateeffectsdifficulttodealwith.Chil

46、drenunderthreedislikeleavingtheirparentsandshowunhappiness.Attheageofthreealmostallchildrenfinditeasytogotothenursery.Thematter,then,isfarfrombeingclearlyknown,thoughexperienceandavailableevidenceindicatethatearlydaycareisreasonableforyoungchildren.42. Thepassagemainlyargueswhether.A. childrenoverth

47、reewillacceptschooleducationB. childrenunderthreeshouldbesenttonurseryschoolsC. thefamilyrelationshipisdifferentintraditionalsocietiesD. earlydaycareshouldbetotallyreplacedinmodernsocieties43. WhichofthefollowingsupportsBowlby'theory?A. Earlydaycarewouldn'tbesopopularifithadnegativeeffects.B

48、. Separationfromparentsforyoungchildreniscommoninhistory.C. Parentsfindtheimmediateeffectsofearlydaycaredifficulttodealwith.D. Studiesshowearlydaycarehasapositiveeffectonchildrendevelopment.44. Theauthor'attitudetowardsearlydaycareisthat.A. childrenunderthreeshouldstaywiththeirparentsB. ithaspot

49、entialbenefitsforbothchildrenandparentsC. thebadeffectofitonchildrenwilldisappearastheygrowupD. itiscontroversialandthesettlementcallsfortheuseofstatistics45. Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?1: IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point次要点C:Conclusion第二节共5小题；每题2分,共10分根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中

50、选出能填入空白处的最正确选项.选项中有两项为多余选项.CanWeStopFoodLongingThroughImaginaryEating?Areyoufightinganurgetoreachforchocolate?Then,letitmeltinyourmind,notinyourmouth.Accordingtotherecentresearch,imaginingeatingaspecificfoodreducesyourinterestinthatfood,soyoueatlessofit.Thisreactiontorepeatedexposuretofoodbeinglessi

51、nterestedinsomethingbecauseyou'veexperiencedittoomuchiscalledhabituation.46Theresearchisthefirsttoshowthathabituationcanoccurthroughthepowerofthemind."Ifyoujustthinkaboutthefooditselfhowittastesandsmellsthatwillincreaseyourappetite,“saidCareyMorewedge,awell-knownpsychologist.Itmightbebetter

52、toforceyourselftorepeatedlythinkaboutchewingandswallowingthefoodinordertoreduceyourlonging.47Visualizingyourselfeatingchocolatewouldn'preventyoufromeatinglotsofcheese,“headded.Morewedgeconductedaninterestingexperiment.51subjectsweredividedintothreegroups.Onegroupwasaskedtoimagineputting30coinsin

53、toalaundrymachineandtheneatingthreechocolates.48Anothergroupwasaskedtoimagineputtingthreecoinsintoalaundrymachineandtheneating30chocolates.Lastly,acontrolgroupimaginedjustputting33coinsintothemachinewithnochocolates.49Whentheysaidtheyhadfinished,theseweretakenawayandweighed.Theresultsshowedthegroupt

54、hathadimaginedeating30chocolateseachatefewerofthechocolatesthantheothergroups.50Physicalsignalsthatfullstomachfeelingareonlypartofwhattellsuswe'vefinishedameal.Theresearchsuggeststhatpsychologicaleffects,suchashabituation,alsoinfluencehowmuchapersoneats.Itmayleadtonewbehavioraltechniquesforpeopl

55、elookingtoeatmorehealthily,orhavecontroloverotherhabits.A. What'smorehisonlyworkswiththespecificfoodyou'veimagined.B. Peoplewereadvisedtotrydifferentmethodstoperformtheexperiment.C. Forexample,atenthbiteisdesiredlessthanthefirstbite,accordingtothestudy.D. Allofthemthenatefreelyfrombowlsconta

56、iningthesameamountofchocolateeach.E. Itmeantthosewhorepeatedlyimaginedeatingwouldconcernaboutsomespecificfood.F. Thisrequiresthesamemotorskillsaseatingsmallchocolatesfromapacket,thestudysays.G. Thisstudyispartoftheresearchlookingintowhatmakesuseatmorethanweactuallyneed.第三局部：书面表达共两节,35分第一节15分假设你是红星中学高三的学生李华.你班交换生Jim将要参加“学在中国留学生汉语演讲比赛,来信向你咨询.请你给他写一封邮件,内容包括：1 .推荐一个演讲话题；2 .说明推荐的理由；3 .建议他做哪些准备工作.注意：1.词数不少于50;2.邮件的开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数.DearJim,Yours,LiHua请务必将作文写在做题卡指定区域内第二节20分假设你是红星中学高三的学生李华.请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序,介绍上个月你参加学校组织的“绿色出行,从我做起活动的完整过程,并以"GreenTravelinMyFa