必修一 U4语法

1、语法填空语法填空 on July 28,1976, the (great) earthquake of the 20th century began. At 3:42 a.m., the earth began （shake）. In 15 seconds, the city (lie) in ruins. Two-thirds of the people were killed or injured. Thousands of children (leave) without parents. Many people, including workers and doctors, came

2、to rescue those trapped the ruins. Later that afternoon, big quake struck the city. More people were killed or injured more buildings fell down.greatestto shakelaywere leftunderanotherandPractice makes perfect!全优课堂全优课堂P97 & P131 语法填空（两篇）（限时语法填空（两篇）（限时20分钟）分钟） Imagine your home begins to shake an

3、d you must leave it right away. imagine: form a mental picture （P46） imagine + n. / pron./ V-ing/ 从句从句 imagine sb. to be Language pointsright away: at once; in no time; immediately(P45)right now: at this very momentMake up your mind _.Ill return the book _.right nowright awayHe _ from his chair when

4、 the doorbell rang.Her job is _ chickens.Her temperature is still _.He _ in rank recently.2. rise vi. rose, risen 上升上升; 升起升起; 上涨上涨; 升高升高; 增加增加 raise vt. raised, raised 举起举起, 抬起，喂养抬起，喂养roseraisingrisinghas risensmelly: smell+ y = adj. smell n./v (smelt/ smelled)They were all hungry and the food _ goo

5、d.I can _ something burning in the kitchen.Please throw the _ fish away.smeltsmellsmelly3. A _ gas came _ _ the cracks.smellyout of4. the water pipes in some buildings cracked and _.burstburst可以作动词，意为：可以作动词，意为：使爆炸使爆炸;使破使破裂裂 ；突然发生，突然出现突然发生，突然出现。常构成短语。常构成短语burst into sth. 或或burst out doing sth.，表，表示示“

6、突然开始（做某事）突然开始（做某事）”，如：，如：burst into tears = burst out crying（表示（表示“突突然哭起来然哭起来”）。也可以作名词，意为：）。也可以作名词，意为： 爆炸爆炸。例如：。例如：即学即练即学即练 根据根据burst的用法，完成下列的用法，完成下列句子。句子。1. Everyone in the room burst out _ (laugh).2. She found there were _ (burst) in the well walls.laughingbursts6. It seemed as if the world1) as i

7、f 似乎，好像似乎，好像 = as though She spoke to me as if she knew me. 她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识她和我说话的神情，好像她早就认识我似的。我似的。2) as if 在表语从句中相当于在表语从句中相当于that: It seemed as if the meeting would never end. 看起来会议没完没了。看起来会议没完没了。本文中本文中as if 的用法就是第二种。的用法就是第二种。It seemed as if the world was at an end!= It seemed that the world was a

8、t an end!lie (lay, lain): to be, remain or be kept in a certain statein ruins: severely damaged or destroyedCompare: ruin; destroy; damagedamage指部分指部分“损坏损坏”、“损害损害”、“破坏破坏”或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用或指使用价值有所降低。它可以用作动词作动词, 也可以用作名词也可以用作名词, 用作名词时常与用作名词时常与to something连用。连用。The accident did a lot of damage to his car.

9、 destroy 只能用作动词只能用作动词, 指彻底破坏指彻底破坏, 以致以致不可能修复不可能修复, 常作常作“破坏破坏”、“毁灭毁灭”解。解。The earthquake destroyed almost the whole town. ruin则表示破坏严重则表示破坏严重, 以致不能修复。用以致不能修复。用作作动词动词时时, 它作它作 “使毁灭使毁灭”、 “使崩溃使崩溃”、 “弄弄糟糟”解解;用作用作名词名词时时, 它表示它表示 “毁灭毁灭”、 “瓦解瓦解”、 “废墟废墟”等抽象概念。等抽象概念。ruin也有借喻的用法。也有借喻的用法。The fire ruined the castle.

10、 The house has fallen into ruins. The company is facing ruin. The village _ (lie)in ruins after the war.An earthquake left the whole town in _(ruin).His career is _.layruinsin ruinsEverywhere they looked nearly everything was _. destroyedHe _ his girl friends prospects(前途，预期前途，预期).ruinedSoft wood _

11、easily.damagesMore than 61% of the surface of the earth _covered by water.Seventy percent of the workers in this factory _ young.isare分数的表达分数的表达 ：1/3 1/2 2/3 1/4百分数的表达百分数的表达：one thirdone secondtwo thirdsa quarter数字+% / percent 80% , eighty percent以百分数或分数作主语，谓语动词的单复数以百分数或分数作主语，谓语动词的单复数取决于取决于百分数后面跟的名词

12、是可数还是不可数的百分数后面跟的名词是可数还是不可数的。请根据提示完成下列句子。请根据提示完成下列句子。1. _ (三分之一三分之一) of the students in our class _ (be) girls.2. _ (五分之三五分之三) of the soil _ (wash) away by the flood last night.3. _ (一半一半) of the desks in this school _ (make) in his company.4. _ (大部分的大部分的) of the lecture he made yesterday _ (be) inte

13、resting.One-thirdareThree-fifthswas washedHalfare madeMostwas5. _ (数万数万) people _ (dance) in the big square now.6. There were _ (一万一万) students taking part in the exam yesterday.7. _ (百分之九十百分之九十) of the mountain _ (cover) by trees.is coveredTens of thousands ofare dancingten thousand90% / 90 percent

14、Compare: injure; hurt; wound injure: to hurt oneself/ sb. / sth. physically三者都可表示受伤，伤害。三者都可表示受伤，伤害。hurt可指对可指对身体上的伤害，也指对心灵造成的伤害。身体上的伤害，也指对心灵造成的伤害。wound一般指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤等，一般指外伤，如刀伤、枪伤等，尤其指在战争中，打斗中受伤。尤其指在战争中，打斗中受伤。injure一一般是指在事故中受伤，往往意为般是指在事故中受伤，往往意为“外外伤伤”。 11. shock寓词于境寓词于境 阅读下列句子，注意阅读下列句子，注意shock的意思的意思及用法

15、。及用法。1. The shock of her fathers death made her ill.2. The news of his death came as a shock to us all.3. He isnt seriously injured but is in shock.4. I felt the shock as the plane hit the ground.5. It shocks you when something like that happens.自我归纳自我归纳 shock可以作名词，意为：打击可以作名词，意为：打击（句（句1）；）； _（句（句2）；

16、休克（句）；休克（句3）；）； _（句（句4）。也可以作动词，意为：）。也可以作动词，意为： _（句（句5）。）。拓展拓展 shocked为形容词，表示为形容词，表示“吃惊的、吃惊的、震惊的震惊的”。如：。如：For a few minutes we stood in shocked silence.震惊震惊震动震动（使）震惊（使）震惊即学即练即学即练 根据括号内的提示完成句子。根据括号内的提示完成句子。1. The news of his mothers death _（使他非常震惊）（使他非常震惊）.2. She _（因休克死亡）（因休克死亡） following an operation

17、 on her brain.3. What really _（让我震惊的）（让我震惊的）was that no one seemed to care about that.4. _（我们很吃惊）（我们很吃惊）to hear about his leaving.was a terrible shock to himdied of shockshocked meWe were shocked10. Trap 阅读下列句子，注意阅读下列句子，注意trap的意思及用法。的意思及用法。1)The elevator broke down and we were trapped inside (it). 2

18、) I must take no notice of their politeness or kindness which was designed to trap me into giving information.3) If were lucky, the thief will fall right into our trap.4) To break out of the trap they need help from the government.自我归纳自我归纳 trap可以作可以作 _，意为：，意为： _（句（句1）。可以构成短语）。可以构成短语trap sb. into (do

19、ing) sth.，表示，表示“使中计；使陷使中计；使陷入圈套入圈套”（句（句2）。也可以作名词）。也可以作名词, 意为：意为： _（句（句3）；）； _（句（句4）。）。动词动词使陷入困境使陷入困境困境困境陷阱陷阱即学即练即学即练 根据括号内的提示完成句子。根据括号内的提示完成句子。1. I knew perfectly well _ (这是一个陷阱这是一个陷阱).2. By clever questioning, they _ (诱使他诱使他) making an agreement.it was a trap trapped him into13. All hope was not lo

20、st.考点考点 all.not = not all.意为意为“并不并不都都”，是部分否定。当，是部分否定。当all, both及及every的合成词与的合成词与not 连用时，表示部分连用时，表示部分否定；完全否定要用否定；完全否定要用no, never, nowhere, none, neither, nothing, nobody等。等。14. The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.dig out 挖掘；发现挖掘；发现bury: A. to place in the g

21、round B. to occupy (oneself) with deep concentration; absorbThe dog buried the bone in the ground.I buried myself in my studies.bury oneself in= be buried in devote oneself to= be devoted to1. Practice reading the whole text.2. Finish off the exercise. Learning about language.A Horrible Earthquake D

22、irty water rose in wells, ponds, and canals before the earthquake. But no one judged it and got prepared. Suddenly, everything shook. Thousands of brick houses and a number of dams were destroyed. Giving out smelly steam, 90 percent of the pipes in the coal mine burst and became useless steel. The army were shocked. They were organized to rescue the injured and