step-by-step-3000第二册1到5答案和原文

1、Unit1PartI-A87,80,53,48,24,17Script:ThePorterFamilyMrWilliamPorterisveryold.Heis87.AndMrsCatherinePorteris80.MrPorterisfromWales.JohnPorterandMaryarebrotherandsister.JohnPorteris53andheisalawyer.HiswifeSusanis48,andsheisanarchitect.JamesPorterandJoanLeearecousins.JamesPorteris24andJoanLeeis17.PartI-

2、B1. spendingspecialtimetogether.2. specific,complain,request,praise.3. fatigue,insecurities,foxhole,strikingout,protect.4. distant5. allmarriages,Worktogetherounderstand6. Respect,danger,professional,physical,verbal7. Understand,winPartI-C40, excel,domesticargument,losingwin-win,lose-lose,win,agift,

3、returnsargueover,aren't,who,incontrol,fear,didn'tneed,oughtnotto,couldn't,triedto,destroy,marriagelove,loved,secure,discover,garden,cultivate,themostprecious,ownself,bloom.obtain,ourpartner,lovedandrespected,control.PartII-AA21. similarsocialbackgrounds.2. thesameraceorsameethnicbackgrou

4、nd.3. thesamereligion.A3Japan/9.2%/arrangedmarriages3%/betweenblacksandwhitesManypeopleinWesterncultureschoosetheirownwivesandhusbands.Inmanyothercountries,spouseareoftenchosenbytheparents.InChinaandJapanbeforethiscentury(20thcentury),upper-classmarriageswerearrangedbytheoldermales.Inmanyculturesint

5、heMiddleEast,Asia,andpre-industrialEurope,theman'sfamilynegotiateda"brideprice"withthewoman'sfamily;theman'sfamilywasexpectedtopayit.InHinduIndia,thebride'sfamilypaida"groom'sprice"tothefamilyoftheman.Thesecustomsareweakening;forintance,only9.2percentofJapanes

6、emarriagesarenowarranged.Whatarethecriteriaforchoosingmates?Mostmarriages-whetherarrangedbyfamiliesoroccurringfrompersonalattractionorlove-arebasedonsimilarsocialbackgrounds.Inotherwords,themanandthewomancomefromthesamesocialclass(orelseaclassthatisonlyslightlyhigherorslightlower).AmongmanypeopleinE

7、gypt,keymembersoftheman'sfamilymustgotothefamilyofthewomanandproposemarriage.Thesefamilymembersmustbeabletoshowthattheman'sfamilyisatleastofthesamesocialclassasthewomanandthatacertainamountofmoneyexiststoallowthemarriagetogoforward.Havingthesameraceorthesameethnicbackgroundisthesecondmaincri

8、terionformarriagethroughouttheworld.IntheU.S,.Wheretherearemanydifferentraces,only3percentofallmarriagesarebetweenblacksandwhites,meaningthattheracesarestilllargelyseparateinmarriage.Inmanycountries,marriageisalsobasedonthewomanandmanhavingthesamereligion;thisisathirdcommoncriterionforchoosingamate.

9、Incultureinwhichreligionisverystrongvalue,marriageswouldoftennottakeplaceiftherewerereligiousdifferences.PartII-B1. physicalappearance;2. whatsomebodylookslike,lookbeyondthephysicalappearance3. thehighpercentageofdivorces.4. fallinglovewithsomebody,lovingsomebodyScript:Whatdoyouthinkitisthatattracts

10、peopletoeachother,thatmakespeoplewanttobetogether?Ithinkthatperhapsunfortunatelyintheinitialstagesit'sthephysicalappearancethatattracts.Ithinkunlessyoufindsomebodyattractive,unlessthere'ssomethingaboutthem-itcouldonlyperhapsbethewaytheysmileortheylaugh,oratwinkleintheireye,orthewayofacurlfal

11、lsovertheirforehead.Butsomethinglikethathastomakeyouinterestedenoughtofindoutmoreaboutthatperson,unlessthat'sthereIthinkyoujustdon'tbother.SoinitiallyphysicalattractionIthinkisallimportant.Whydoyousay"unfortunately"?Becauseinfactitshouldn'tbewhatsomebodylookslikethatisimportant

12、.Youshouldbeabletolookbeyondhephysicalappearanceandseewhatsortofapersonheorsheis,whethertheyareselfishorselfless,whethertheyarekind,caring.ButIthinkinitiallyyouarenotbotheredwiththat.Thatcomeperhapslater.Inpopsongsandmagazinesandnewspapersandsonon,theideaoffallingloveinsalwaysemphasized,sopeoplehave

13、thisideathatyouhavetofallinlove.Doyouthinkthisismisleadingforpeople?Doyouthinkpeopleexpectsomethingthatinfactdoesn'texist?Yes,Ido.InfactIthinkwecanprobablylaytheblameforthehighpercentageofdivorce-it'sathirdIthinknow,isn'tit?Ithinkoneinthreepeoplegetdivorced.ProbablyasfarasIcanseeit,there

14、asonisthattheygointomarriageorintoarelationshipwithaveryromanticviewoflovewhichIthinkhasbeencreatedbythepopsongs,byallthelovestores,bytheBarbaraCartlandnovels,etc.,thatyoungpeopleread.Really,youmeetsomeone,youfallinlove,andthat'sit.,it'sthebeginning,theylivehappilyevenafter.AndIthinkthat'

15、;stheproblem,becausepeoplejustexpectthat,andit'snotlikethat.Sowhatisit,doyouthink,thatreallysustainsarelationship,thatkeepsarelationshipgoing?Well,Ithinkyouhavetodifferentiatebetweenfallinginlovewithsomebody,whichIseeasmoresuperficial,andlovingsomebody,whichIseeasadeeperemotionandonethatperhapsl

16、asts.Fallinginloveissuperficialattraction,beingattractedtosomebodyphysically,havingfuntogether,whereaslovingsomebodyIthinkisanemotionthatgrows,itcomeswithsharedexperiences,perhapsenjoyingdoingthesamethingstogether,sharedhobbies,sharedinterests,sufferingtogetheraswell,goingthroughthebadtimes,helpinge

17、achother,supportingeachother.Ithinkallthatneedstimetogrow,andI'dcallthatlove,andIthinkthat'swhatmakesarelationshiplast.PartII-Coneofthebiggestdecisionstheywillmakeinlife,asthe"just-right"wifeforhim,definitionofwhatthe"just-right"wifeis,themillionairemanandthepoorman,herph

18、ysicalqualities,differentwords,byherphysicalqualities,intwodifferentatmospheres,alsohavetheirdefinitionofthe"just-right"wife,theGermanman'sdefinitionisdifferentfromtheSpanishman's.Part IIIA baseball diamondA wine barA fancy-dress party Outside a cinemaA boat/ the river bankScript:f

19、rizzlyhair/glasses/funny/monologuepizzathemandressedasCheshireCatcoincidence/he'dalsomissedthefilmfellinriver/hedivedinandrescuedherScript:Kate:Iwasonmywayhomefromjuniorhighandinordertogettomyhouseyouhavetowalkbythisbaseballdiamond.Andtherewasagameofbaseballgoingonanditlookedkindofinteresting,so

20、Istopped.Thereweren'tverymanypeoplewatching.Andtherewasthisguyandhewasn'treallyverygood-looking,buthehadfrizzlyhairandglassesandhewasreallyfunny.Hedidthiskindofmonologuething,whichwargreat.AndIwenthomeandItoldmymotherIwasgoingtomarryhimaftertalkingtohimforhalfanhour.AndwhenIgottohighschool,h

21、ewaspresidentofthestudentbodyandheaskedmeoutand.we'vegotourpictureintheyearbooktogetherholdinghands,andit'sreallynice.Ke:Well,I'darrangedtohaveadrinkwithafriendofmine,awomanfriendofminewho'saplatonicfriendofmine.AndsheinsistedonbringingthisfriendofherswhoshesaidI'dliketomeetandIt

22、houghtshewastryingtofixusupandIsaid,"Pleasedon't!"Butshedidbringthisfriendandwehititoff.Andafterthewinebarwewenttohaveapizzaandweallhadafewmoredrinksandtheotherwomanwhoendeduporderingapizzathathadabunchofstuffonitthatshereallyliked,sowepickedateachother'spizzasallnightandwerealized

23、thatweweresortofhadanidealrelationship,sothatwecouldorderreallyanypizzaonthemenuandwe'dbothbehappy.Andanywayweendeduplivingtogetherandstillare.Coralyn:Wemetatapartyanditwasfancy-dressparty.Afriendofmine'stwenty-firstanditwasquitebigandIwentdressedasAliceinWonderlandandthisperson,thisguythatI

24、marriedwasdressedastheCheshireCat.Anditjustseemedsoamazingthat,youknow,wewerebothfromthesamethingandwestartedchattingandendedupbeingtogether.Jill:I'darrangedtogotothecinemawithagroupoffriendsandunfortunatelyImissedthetrainthatwouldhavegotmetostandingoutside-thefilmhadstarted.SoIwasn'tallowed

25、in.Andtherewasachapoutside,he'dalsomissedthefilmandwestartedtotalkandwetalkedquiteabitandhesaid,"Let'sgodowntheroadandseethatfilm,becausethatonehasn'tstartedattheOdeon."Sowewentdownthereandwe'vebeengoingouteversince!Carole:IfirstmetmypartnerwhenhewasonaboatandIwasontheriver

26、bank,standingandlookinggenerallyintothedistanceandhewascomingintolandwithhisboatandhethrewmearopeandsaid,"Wouldyoumindcatchingthis?"andIcaughtitandmissedandtrippedoveritandfellintheriverandhehadtodiveinandrescueme.Andthatwasit!PartIVBook,choked,disappointment,takeyoutodinner,tolerantsmile,

27、wentby,rose,bigrestaurant,test,understandandadmireScript:JohnBlanchardstoodupfromthebench,straightenedhisarmyuniform,andstudiedthecrowdofpeoplemakingtheirwaythroughGrandCentralStation.Helookedforthegirlwhoseheartheknew,butwhosefacehedidn't,thegirlwiththerose.Hisinterestinherhadbegunthirteenmonth

28、sbeforeinFloridalibrary.Takingabookofftheshelfhefoundhimselfintrigued,notwiththewordsofthebook,butwiththenotespenciledinthemargin.Thesofthandwritingreflectedathoughtfulsoulandinsightfulmind.Inthefrontofthebook,hediscoveredthepreviousowner'sname,MissHollisMaynell.Withtimeandefforthelocatedheraddr

29、ess.ShelivedinNewYorkCity.Hewroteheraletterintroducinghimselfandinvitinghertocorrespond.ThenextdayhewasshippedoverseasforserviceinWorldWarthroughthemail.Eachletterwasaseedfallingonafertileheart.Aromancewasbudding.Blanchardrequestedaphotograph,butsherefused.Shefeltthatifhereallycared,itwouldn'tma

30、tterwhatshelookedlike.WhenthedayfinallycomeforhimtoreturnfromEurope,theyscheduledtheirfirstmeeting-7:00p.m.AttheGrandHotelStationinNewYork."Youwillrecognizeme,"shewrote,"bytheredroseI'llbewearingonmylapel."Soat7:00hewasinthestationlookingforagirlwhoseheartheloved,butwhoseface

31、he'dneverseen.I'llletMrBlanchardtellyouwhathappened.Ayoungwomanwascomingtowardme,herfigurelongandslim.Herblondehairlaybackincurlsfromherdelicateears.Hereyeswereasblueflowers.Herlipsandchinhadagentlefirmness,andinherpalegreensuitshewaslikespringtimecomingalive.Istartedtowardher,entirelyforget

32、tingtonoticethatshewasnotwearingarose.AsImoved,asmall,provocativesmilecurvedherlips."Goingmyway,sailor?"shemurmured.AlmostuncontrollablyImadeonestepclosertoher,andthenIsawHolllisMaynell.Shewasstandingalmostdirectlybehindthegirl.Awomanwellpast40,shehadgrayinghairtuckedunderawornhat.Shewasmo

33、rethanplump,herthick-ankledfeetthrustintolow-heeledshoes.Thegirlinthegreensuitwaswakingquicklyaway.IfeltasthoughtIwassplitintotwo,sokeenwasmydesiretofollowher,andyetsodeepwasmylongingforthewomanwhosespirithadtrulycompanionedmeandupheldmyown.Andthereshestood.Herpaleplumpfacewasgentleandsensible,hergr

34、ayeyeshadawarmandkindlytwinkle.Ididnothesitate.Myfingersgrippedthesmallwornblueleathercopyofthebookthatwastoidentifymetoher.Thiswouldnotbelove,butitwouldbesomethingprecious,somethingperhapsevenbetterthanlove.Unit2ShapingandreshapingpersonalityPartI-A1-h,2-d,3-j,4-k,5-b,6-i,7-g,8-e,9-l,10-f,11-c,12-a

35、Tapescript:1. TaurusApril21-May12,isrepresentedbyabull.2. Virgoisrepresentedbyayoungwoman.3. Capricornbyagoat.4. Piscesbytwofish.5. Aquariusbythewater-bearer.6. Leobyalion7. Cancerbyacrab8. Ariesbyaram9. Geminibytwins10. Sagitarusbyacentaurshooinganarrow11. Scorpiobyascorption12. Librabyapairofmeasu

36、ringscales.PartI-BVery,notvery,extremely,sortof,veryTapescript:W:Hey,Kevin.Helpmefilloutthispersonalitysurvey.It'llbefun.M:Oh,Idon'tknow.W:Oh,comeon.Ok,here'sthefirstone-whatshouldIputfor"aggressive"?M:Oh,II'dsay"very".W:Very?Really?M:Yeah,sure.Lookatthewayyoudriv

37、e!W:Well,Ok,soI'maveryaggressivedriver.But.Youhavetodrivelikethatinthiscity,oryou'regonnabehit,becauseM:Uh,.What'sthenextone?W:"Selfish".M:Oh,notatall.W:Really?Well.Maybejustalittle.Imean,alotofpeopleare,right?Justalittlebit?Youknow,Imean,Itrytothinkofotherpeople,butsometimesId

38、ojustthinkofmyself,Iguess.M:Ok,Ok,soput"notvery."W:OK.M:Butyoucanput"extremely"forthenextone.W:What?Oh,"kind"?M:Yes.Don'tyouthinkyouareanextremelykindperson?W:Iam?Ok,ifyousayso.Oh,looktthisnextone.W:Yeah.M:Hmm.Idon'tknow.Sometimesyoucanbereallypatient,butotherti

39、mesyouarenotpatientatall.Likerememberthattimeinlineatthesupermarketwhenyougot.W:Ok,ok,Igetyourpoint.I'llput"sortof"/.M:Ok,that'sright.W:Nextone."jealous".IguessIamsortofjealous.M:Sortof?I'dput"very".Rememberhowangryyougotwhenmyex-girlfriendcalledtheotherday?

40、Irememberyouaregonnaraisetheroof.W:Allright,allright,"Very".PartI-CAmbitiousandproudHelpfulandhonestSelfishandunreliableTapescript:GeorgeW:Sowhatareyougoingtodoafteryougraduates,George?G:I'mgoingtostartmyownbusiness.W:Oh,really?Whattypeofbusiness?G:Well,Ihaven'tdecidedyet,butIknowI

41、'llbesuccessfulinanythingIdo.Infact,Iamgoingtobeoneofthetopbusinesspeopleintowninlessthanfiveyears.Justwaitandsee!Ihaveeverythingittakes-Iamsmart,Icanorganizepeople.AndIamfullofideasthatcanmakemoney.KarenK:Hey!Lookatthiswalletonthesidewalk.Wow!There'slotofmoneyinit.Butnoidentification.Mmm.Iw

42、onderhowIcanfindtheowner?IguessIwilltakeittothepolicestationandseeifanyonehasreportedalostwallet.PamM:Whatareyoudoingtonight,Pam?P:Well,IwassupposedtomeetBillafterworkforamovie,butIdon'tfeellikegoing.IthinkIwillgoshoppinginstead.M:Won'tBillgetmad?P:Oh,Iamsurehecanfindsomethingelsetodo.M:Oh?P

43、:Besides,Ireallyneedsomenewclothes.Ihaven'tboughtanyfornearlyamonth!M:Huh!PartIIYoungboys1. Measuretheboys'abilitiesandhowtheyfeltabouttheirownabilities;2. Threegroups-thosewithhighself-esteem/middleself-esteem/lowself-esteem3. Inallsituation-athome/atwork/inschool/withfriends1.Active/ableto

44、expressideas/successfulinschoolandinrelationswithotherpeople/creative/ledindiscussions/interestedinworldproblems/seldomtiredorsick2.Liketheboyswithhighself-esteem/expressideasfreely/sawtheworldasagoodandhappyplace/notsureoftheirownvalue3.Sadmosttime/afraidtostartactivities/feltnolove/couldn'texp

45、ressideas/afraidofanger/notalkindiscussiona. closenessb.almost anythingc. no definited. harsh punishmentf. didn't love themb. goodbehaviorc.definite,strict,kindandthoughtfuld. rewardse. democratic,respectedf. importance,takenawayTapescript:Scientistshavelearnedagreatdealaboutthepartsofbrainandth

46、eirfunctionsT.heyhavealsostudiedthedevelopmentofthepersonality,forexample,howababylearnstolove.InrecentstudiesattwouniversitiesintheUnitedStates,scientistshaveinvestigatedthedevelopmentofself-esteem.Self-esteemistherespectapersonhasforhimself,hisbeliefinhisabilityandinthevalueofwhathedoes.Thescienti

47、stsstudiedself-esteeminyoungboys.Theygavethemmanytests.Thesetestmeasuredtheboys'abilitiesandalsohowtheyfeltabouttheirownabilities.Afterthetests,theboysweredividedintothreegroups-thosewithhigh-esteem,thosewithmiddle-esteemandthosewithloveself-esteem.Thescientistcontinuedtostudytheboysinallsituati

48、ons.Theystudiedthemathome,atwork,inschool,andwiththeirfriends.Fromtheirstudies,thescientistsmadesomeobservations.Boyswithhighself-esteemwereactive.Theywereabletoexpresstheirideas.Theyweresuccessfulinschoolandintheirrelationswithotherpeople.Indiscussions,theyled.Theydidn'tjustlisten.Theywereinter

49、estedinworldproblems.Theywerecreativeandbelievedthattheycouldfinishwhatevertheystarted.Theyseldombecametiredorsick.Inmanyways,theboyswithmiddleself-esteemwereliketheboyswithhighself-esteem.Theytooexpressedtheirideasfreelyandsawtheworldasagoodandhappyplace.However,theywerenotsureoftheirownvalueaspeop

50、le.Theydidtheirbestworkwhentheyweresurethatotherpeoplelikedthem.Theboyswithlowself-esteemweredifferentfromtheothertwogroups.Theyweresadmostofthemtime.Theywereafraidtostartactivities.Theyfeltthatnoonelovedthem.Theycouldnotexpresstheirideas.Theywereafraidofanger.Inadiscussion,theylistened,buttheydidn&

51、#39;ttalk.Thescientistsasked,"Howdosomeboysdevelophighself-esteem?":"Whatisdifferentintheirlives?"Someoftheanswersweresurprising.Highself-esteemdidnotdependuponphysicalappearance,ormoney,orsizeoffamily.Itdidnotdependuponhowmuchthemotherwasathome.Thescientistsfoundthattherewasaclo

52、senessbetweentheboyswithhighself-esteemandtheirparents.Theirparentsshowedrealinterestinthem,andspendtimewithtime.Theylistenedtotheirsonsandgavethemhelpwhentheboysaskedforit.Theyknewtheirsons'friends.Thesonknewthattheywereimportanttotheirparents.Theseparentsdemandedgoodbehavior.Theymaddefiniterul

53、es.Theywerestrict,butnotharsh.Theycorrectedtheirsons'behaviorbyrewards,notbypunishment.Theynevertookawaytheirlove.Ontheotherhand,theparentsofboyswithlowself-esteemlettheirsonsdoalmostanything.Ifaboymadeamistake,theparentspunishedhimharshly.Theyboysbelievedthattheirparentsdidn'tlovethem.There

54、werenodefiniterules.Thefamilylifeoftheboyswithhighself-esteemwasdemocratic.Theparentsmaderules,buttheyledinakindandthoughtfulway.Theyshowedrespectfortheirchildren'sideas,evenwhentheydidnotagreewiththem.Theylettheboysgivetheiropinionsindiscussionsoffamilyplans.Theseboyswereproductivecitizens.Nowt

55、hesescientistsarestudyingothergroupsofchildren.Theywanttolearnhowtohelpchildrenwithlowself-esteemfeelbetteraboutthemselves.Inthisway,thesechildrencanbecomeproductivecitizenstoo.PartIII-ASad,temporary,long,sufferfrommental,Anyone,ten,developing,80percent,drugs,effective,carefullyWithout,activity,mino

56、r,walking,30,four,improve,physical,traditional,hour,talking,doctors,Discussion,ways,problemsEducation,understand.PartIII-B1Joyous,warm,lovingManifestangerventangeronsomebodyDumpangerTapescriptSpeaker1Iactuallyveryrarelygetanger.I'vequitealongtetherwhenitcomestoanger,whichdoesn'tmean,Ireallyd

57、on'tbelieveI'msuppressinganyangeratall,butitmanifestitselfinaverysarcasticwaywithme.Likeifforexample,ifI'mbuyingarailwayticketorsomethingandtheguybehindthecounterisverysurlyandyounowrefusestotreatmelikeahumanbeing,Iwon'tgetangrywithhimbutI'llgetverysarcasticwithhimandtrytomakever

58、yverycleverremarks.Andthatformeseversitspurpose.Idofeelcleansedafterasituationlikethat.OfcourseIdosometimes,ifit'sabsolutelynecessaryIdogetveryangry,ifI'mtakenthatfar.ButIcertainlydon'tsuppressanyanger.Speaker2Well,myangeristiedupwithmysleeplessnights.Imean,ifIdonnotsleepwell,Iwakeupinth

59、emorning,Iamangry.Iuseanyexcusetoventmyangeronanybody.IfIsleepwell,theneverythingisfine.I'majoyous,warm,lovingperson.Sleeplessnights,I'mfullofangerandmyangerdoesnotebbawayunlessIuseathingorsomebodytoventitupon.Asweakasthatmaysound,that'showIwork.Andit'sterriblesortofadmissiontomaketo

60、everybodyhere.IfI'mlookingforexcusesforhavingwokenupinaparticularlybadway,inaway,angerissomethingthatIhavetogetout.Idonotcarryitaroundbyweeping,andlikecrying.Ibelieveindumpingit.PartIII-B1PunchbagswithpicturesoftheirbossLaughingatit.Tapescript:A: Apparently,Idon'tknowifthisistrue,butinJapan,iffactoryworkersgetabituptightorangry,theycangooutintothegymorsomethingwhichisusuallyattachedtothefactoryandtherearepunchbagsw