综合英语Uint12

1、Gettysburg Addresses READING 1by Riveen Doris Clary Kimber CherisnWhat sorts of things are usually said in memory of soldiers who have been fighting for a just war?nBloody, merciless, cruelnHomeless, helpless, hopelessnGranite, loyalty, sinceritynA man can be destroyed but not defeated.nWhat is the

2、historical significance of Gettysburg?nGettysburg is a borough in Pennsylvania. The battle of Gettysburg, one of the greatest battles of the Civil War, in 1863. It was a major turning point in the Civil War. At last, the North states won the war and slavery was abolished. About Lincolns Gettysburg A

3、bout Lincolns Gettysburg AddressAddress A A famous speech delivered by famous speech delivered by the 16th the 16th president of thepresident of the United StatesUnited States Lincoln Lincoln AbrahamAbraham on November 19, 1863, at on November 19, 1863, at Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. Gettysburg, Penns

4、ylvania. He presented it at the dedication of the He presented it at the dedication of the Gettysburg National Cemetery, honoring Gettysburg National Cemetery, honoring those who died in the Civil War those who died in the Civil War Battle(1861-1865) of Gettysburg earlier Battle(1861-1865) of Gettys

5、burg earlier that year.that year. About Lincolns Gettysburg About Lincolns Gettysburg AddressAddress The speech went almost unnoticed at the The speech went almost unnoticed at the time, but it has come to be regarded as time, but it has come to be regarded as one of one of the most moving pieces of

6、 oratory the most moving pieces of oratory in American historyin American history because it called on because it called on all officers and soldiers to strive for all officers and soldiers to strive for building a uniform federation by the building a uniform federation by the people, of the people,

7、 and for the people.people, of the people, and for the people. About Lincolns Gettysburg About Lincolns Gettysburg AddressAddress About Everetts Gettysburg About Everetts Gettysburg OrationOration Edward Everetts Gettysburg Oration was Edward Everetts Gettysburg Oration was given at the dedication o

8、f the National given at the dedication of the National Cemetery at Gettysburg in 1863. Cemetery at Gettysburg in 1863. Everett, Everett, the most popular speaker of his daythe most popular speaker of his day, spoke , spoke for some 2 hours, using his time to for some 2 hours, using his time to rehea

9、rse in detail the history of these rehearse in detail the history of these who fought the battles of Gettysburg and who fought the battles of Gettysburg and to castigate the South.to castigate the South. About Everetts Gettysburg About Everetts Gettysburg OrationOration It was Everett, not Lincoln,

10、who was the It was Everett, not Lincoln, who was the principal speaker at the ceremony. Despite principal speaker at the ceremony. Despite this, as author Garry Wills writes, this, as author Garry Wills writes, Everetts oration will live, now, as the Everetts oration will live, now, as the foil to t

11、hat better thing that followed.foil to that better thing that followed.Text 1 Gettyburg AddressText 1 Gettyburg Addressn Fourscore and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty,and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal . Now

12、 we are engaged in a great civil war , testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated , can long endure.We are met on a great battlefield of that war .We have come to dedicate a portion of that field,as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nat

13、ion might live . It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. n But in a lager sense,we cammot dedicate-we cannot consecrated-we cannot hallow-this ground .The brave men,living and dead,who struggled here, have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will

14、 little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. nIt is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaing b

15、efore us-that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion -that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have dead in vain-that this nation,under God,shall have a new birth of freedom-and that government of the people

16、,by the people,for the people,shall not perish from the earth. By Abraham LincolnMain ideaMain ideanOur forefathers have brought forth a new nation with high principles,and many brave men have fought to death to uphold these principles.We shall carry on and devoted ourselves to the unfinished task t

17、hey began.What makes Lincolns Gettysburg Address so famous in American history?n 1) It was delivered at the ceremony dedicating a national cemetery in commemoration of the geroes who died for the country.n 2) It expressed the highest purpose of the American Civil War-putting a nation dedicated to fr

18、eedom to the test to see whether it could succeed.n 3)It contained one of the most concise and eloquent definitions of democracy,a government of the people, by the people,for the people.n 4)It is regarded as one of the greatest masterpieces in the world for its accuracy and succinctness and its dept

19、h of thought.fourscorefourscoren an archaic word for eightyn four+scoren score: n. C a group of 20,or about 20 people or thingsn e.g. Scores of victims were killed.n three score and ten 七十n Similar Expressionsn a stone (一石，=14磅）n a dozen （一打，=12个）bring forthbring forthnto produce;to give birth tone.

20、g. This tragic love affair between you and him will bring forth only pain.portionportionnn. a part of sth.ne.g. He divided his property into four gave a portion to each of his children.consecrateconsecratenv. to devote sth. or sb. to a special (especially religious) purposenconsecrate sth./sb. to ne

21、.g. A doctors life is consecrated to the relief of suffering.detractdetractnv. to make sth. seem less good or importantndetract from sth 有损某物ne.g. One small mistake will not detract from your achievement.resolveresolvenv. to make a formal decision,usually after a discussion and a vote at a meeting;

22、to make a firm decision to do sth.nresolve on/upon/doing sth, resolve to do sth, resolve that. 下决心做某事ne.g. He resolved to leave as soon as possible.perishperishnv. to be destroyed ,die; to stop happening or existing;to come to an endne.g. Our flesh may perish,our hands will wither,but that which the

23、y creat in bueaty and goodness and truth lives on for all time to come.Fourscoreandsevenyearsagoneighty-seven years agonAbramham Lincoln gave the address at the site of the battle Gettysburg in 1863.Eighty-seven years before had been 1776,the year when the United States of America declared independe

24、nce.anewnation,conceivedinliberty,and dedicatedtothepropositionthatallmenare createdequal.na new nation, which is founded on the principle of liberty,and is devoted wholly to the proposal that all men are born equal.n We hold thesse truths to be self-evident,that all men are created equal,that they

25、are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights,that among these are Life,Liberty and pursuit of Happiness. -U.S.Declaration of IndependenceFourscoreandsevenyearsagoourfathersbrought forthonthiscontinent,anewnation,conceivedin liberty,anddedicatedtothepropositionthatallmen arecreatedequ

26、al.nExplain this sentence in your own words.nEighty-seven years ago,our ancestors established on this continent a new nation inspired by the spirit of liberty and devoted to the principle that all men are born equal.Nowweareengagedinagreat civilwarnThe civil war refers to the American Civil War, the

27、 war between the North (the Union) and the South (the Confederacy南部联盟) in the US (1861-1865).anynation soconceivedandsodedicatednany nation conceived and dedicated in this way.Now we are engaged in a great civil war,testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated,can long en

28、dure.nExplain this sentence in your own words.nNow we are fighting a very important war inside our own country.This war is a test of whether any nation which was formed with idea of liberty and devoted to the principle that all men are created equal can continue to exist for a long time. We are met

29、on a great battlefield of that war.nWe have gathered together or assembled here on the great battlefield of that war.nmet here used as an adjective, now is used only on extremely formal occasions.n A great battlefield of that war: GetttySburg,the site of the Civil War battle that forced retreat of t

30、he northward invasion of confederate forcces.It was a Northern victory and marked the turning point of the Civil War.thosewhoheregavetheirlivesthatthat nationmightlive.nthose who here gave their lives=7,000-plus men who had died during the Battle of Gettysburg.nThe first that-a conjunction which mea

31、ns so that or in order that to introduce an adverbial clause of purpose.nThe secon that-a determiner which modifies nation (the U.S.A.)Wehavecometodedicateaportionofthatfield,asafinalrestingplaceforthosewhoheregave theirlivesthatthatnationmightlive.nExplain this sentence in your own words.nWe have c

32、ome to dedicate a part of this battlefield as the burial place of over 7000 men who died during the Battle of Gettysburg in order that our country can maintain its integrity.nIn this sentence,there are two instances of euphemism.Please find them out.nthe final resting place is used instead of the un

33、pleasant phrase cmeteryngave their lives for diedItisaltogetherfittingandproper that we shoulddothis.nIt is entirely suitbale and correct for us to do this. But in a lager sense,we cammot dedicate-we cannot consecrated-we cannot hallow-this ground.nBut strictly speaking,we are not in a position to d

34、edicate,consecrate or hallow this ground;in other words,we are not able to make this place sacred.nWhat figure of speech is employed in this sentence?n.we cannot dedicate-we cannot consecrate-we cannot hallow.nParallelismnTo emphasize the significance of the sacrifice of those soldiers who had made

35、this place sacred.Theworldwilllittlenote,norlongremember whatwesayhere,butitcanneverforgetwhat theydidhere.nWhat is the implied meaning of this sentence?nWhat we say here is of no siginificance in history and will soon be forgotten,but the martyrs fighting and dying here will leave an indelible impression because of the results of