高一英语新课标必修4unit2知识点

1、 张云奇张云奇绥中一高中绥中一高中 statistic (pl.) statistics sunburnt struggle decade dekeid super hybrid haibrid output strain strein crop hunger disturbing expand ikspnd circulate s:kjuleit数据；统计；统计数字；数据；统计；统计数字； n. 晒黑的晒黑的 adj. 斗争；拼搏；努力斗争；拼搏；努力 vt. & vi. 十年；十年期十年；十年期 n.特级的；超级的特级的；超级的 adj.混合的；杂种的混合的；杂种的 adj. 混血儿混血儿

2、产量；输出产量；输出n. （植物的）品种；种类（植物的）品种；种类n. 庄稼；农作物；产量庄稼；农作物；产量n. 饥饿；欲望饥饿；欲望n. (使使)饥饿饥饿vt. &引起烦恼的；令人不安的引起烦恼的；令人不安的adj. 使变大；伸展使变大；伸展vt. & vi.循环；流传循环；流传vt. & vi. Key words: 越南（东南亚国家）越南（东南亚国家） 幸亏；由于；因为幸亏；由于；因为 n. vt. & vi.战役；战斗；较量战役；战斗；较量 vt.摆脱；除去摆脱；除去 摆脱；除去摆脱；除去 对对感到满意感到满意 n.自由；自主自由；自主 宁愿；宁可宁愿；宁可 adv.因为；所以；因而因

3、为；所以；因而 vt. & vi. 配备；装备配备；装备 n.高粱高粱 n. 谷物；粮食；颗粒谷物；粮食；颗粒. n. 花生花生 vt. & vi. /n 输出；出口输出；出口 Vietnam,vjetnm thanks to battle rid rid of be satisfied with freedom would rather therefore equip - equipped sorghum grain peanutpi:nt export nationality occupation ,kjupein personality confuse knfju:z regret ch

4、emical kemikl organic :nik fertile f:tail fertilizer f:tilaiz production bacteria （bacterium的复数形式）的复数形式） pest build up lead to nutrition nju:trin n. 国籍国籍 n.工作；职业；占领工作；职业；占领 n. 性格；个性；人格性格；个性；人格 vt.使迷惑；使为难使迷惑；使为难 vt. n. 遗憾；惋惜遗憾；惋惜.遗憾；遗憾； adj 化学的；关于化学的化学的；关于化学的. adj.有机的有机的; 器官的；组织的器官的；组织的 adj. 肥沃的；富饶的肥

5、料；肥沃的；富饶的肥料； n. 化肥化肥 n.生产；制造生产；制造 n .细菌细菌 n.害虫；害兽；害鸟害虫；害兽；害鸟 逐渐增强；建立；开发逐渐增强；建立；开发 导致；造成（后果）导致；造成（后果） n. 营养营养;滋养；食物滋养；食物bktiri bktirim mineralminrl discovery focus focus on soil reduce keep free from/of soybean (=soyabean) root skim underline. summary commentkment producer industrialindstril n. 矿物；矿石

6、矿物；矿石 n.发现；发觉发现；发觉 n.焦点；中心点焦点；中心点vt.集中；聚集集中；聚集 集中（注意力、精力等）于集中（注意力、精力等）于 un.土壤土壤 vt.减少；减缩减少；减缩 使使免受（影响；害等免受（影响；害等 n.大豆大豆 n.根；根源根；根源 vt.浏览；略读浏览；略读 vt. 画底线标出；强调画底线标出；强调 n.总结；摘要；概要总结；摘要；概要 n. & vt.评论；议论评论；议论; 作出评论作出评论 n.生产者；制片人生产者；制片人 adj.工业的；产业的工业的；产业的 为为斗争斗争同同作斗争作斗争挣扎着站起来挣扎着站起来努力做某事努力做某事“展开，扩大展开，扩大” 范

7、围和体积扩大范围和体积扩大“伸出，延伸伸出，延伸” 长度长度,宽度的外延宽度的外延“传播传播;蔓延蔓延” 如如:传播传播(疾病疾病),散布散布 “伸展伸展”一件设备一件设备 adj.准备好的，装备好的准备好的，装备好的用用配备配备/装备装备为为而装备而装备 增强自信增强自信 增强体质增强体质1.struggle forstruggle against/withstruggle to ones feetstruggle to do sth.2.expandextendspreadstretchequip sb.for sth3.a piece of equipmentequippedequip

8、sth.with sth.build up your strength 4.build up their confidence一、Key phrases adj. 后悔的，遗憾的后悔的，遗憾的 adj. 无悔的，没有遗憾的无悔的，没有遗憾的 后悔做了或没做某事后悔做了或没做某事 遗憾地要去做某事遗憾地要去做某事 令某人遗憾的是令某人遗憾的是 遗憾地遗憾地/骄傲地骄傲地/满意地满意地 减少减少了了. 减少减少到到 沦落为沦落为 令某人满意的是令某人满意的是 满意的表情满意的表情 令人满意的答案令人满意的答案regret to do sth.5.regretfulregretlessregret

9、(not)doing/having done sthmuch to ones regret with regret/pride/satisfaction6.reduce by . reduce to . be reduced to n./doing8.because of; owing to; on account of; due to; as a result of9.result in=contribute to=account for=bring about7.to ones satisfactionsatisfied/surprised/excited looka satisfying

10、 answer 1.1.work the landwork the landwork vi &vt.(1) 工作,用功，做工, 上班，任职 vi.How many hours a day do you work?work at 在在.工作；从事工作；从事.work on 做做.work for 为为.工作工作work as 担任担任.work out 解决解决(问题问题)，算出，详细拟定，锻炼，算出，详细拟定，锻炼(2)vt. 耕耘，耕种(土地)；经营(工厂，农场等)He works a big farm.Work the land.二、Key language points2. if not

11、 2. if not 如果不如果不 if so/ possible/ necessary/ any3. More than 800 million people go to bed hungry every day.It may rain this afternoon.If not, I will shop with you.4. a pioneer for all people 造福全人类的先驱者pioneer (1) cn. 先驱者，先锋，拓荒者 (2) vt&vi 倡导，提倡How many of you go to school hungry?He got home, _ and hu

12、ngry.A. tiring C. to tired D. having tiredstruggle forstruggle against/withstruggle to ones feetstruggle to do sth. She struggled to fight back the tears. It was a hard struggle to get my work done on time. 为了按时完成工作为了按时完成工作, 我做了一番努力。我做了一番努力。5.struggle vi.斗争，奋斗斗争，奋斗n.斗争；斗争；努力努力为为斗争斗争同同作斗争作斗争挣扎着站起来挣扎着

13、站起来努力做某事努力做某事她努力忍住泪水。她努力忍住泪水。(=make great efforts to do sth.)My sister，_ for months to find a job as a teacher, finally took a position in Wenzhou Daily.Astruggling BstruggledCto struggle Dhaving struggledsunburnt adj. 晒黑的 She struggled _ the independence of her country all her life. We all struggle

14、 _ the pollution of environment. The old man struggled _ his feet，walking out of the room. Try to stop the children_ fighting_ each other.withfor againsttofrom7 7. . output cn&un output cn&un 产量，产品，输出产量，产品，输出-inputinput6. decade cn.十年 The first decade of the 21st century One and a half decades _ pas

15、sed.The rice has a high output.put out vt 生产，制造；发表，出版； 扑灭，熄灭；伸出has8. This special strain of rice makes it possible to produce 20% more of the crop in the same field.strain cn.品种，种族品种，种族crop cn.农作物，收获量，收成，平头农作物，收获量，收成，平头 vt.剪短，种植剪短，种植gather/ harvest a crop 收割收割/收获农作物收获农作物 the rice crop 稻米的收成稻米的收成 the

16、 crops 全部收获全部收获1010. . AsAs a young man, he saw the great a young man, he saw the great need forneed for increasing the rice output. increasing the rice output.9. graduate from after graduation the (great) need for sth/doingas (1)当当.时时 (2)作为作为 (3)如，像如，像11. At that time, hunger was a disturbing probl

17、em in many parts of the countryside.hunger (1) un. 饥饿，饥荒饥饿，饥荒 cn.渴望渴望 die of hunger have a hunger for fame/ knowledge. (2) vi 饥饿，渴望，渴求饥饿，渴望，渴求 hunger for/ after peace/ love 渴望渴望 (3) hungry adj. 饥饿的，空腹的；渴望的饥饿的，空腹的；渴望的 go hungry be hungry for/ after affection12. disturb vt/vi. The noise in the street

18、disturbed my study. Dont disturb. (请勿打扰) (1) 打扰，妨碍A gentle wind disturbed the smooth surface of the lake (2) 扰乱，搞乱扰乱，搞乱She was disturbed to hear her mothers sudden sickness.(3) 使人心神不宁使人心神不宁(4) adj. disturbing 令人心神不宁的令人心神不宁的 disturbed 感到心神不宁的，受打扰的感到心神不宁的，受打扰的expandextendspreadstretch13. expand vt.& v

19、i. (1)伸展, 膨胀，鼓起 (2) 扩大，扩张 (3)说明，详述The balloon expands as it is filled with air.He is thinking of expanding his business.He expanded on his new theory.The fire soon _ to the nearby houses.The tourist season from May till October. A balloon when it is blown up.The cornfield _ for miles.spreadextends e

20、xpands stretched“展开，扩大展开，扩大” 范围和体积的扩大范围和体积的扩大“伸出，延伸伸出，延伸” 长度长度,宽度的外延宽度的外延“传播传播;蔓延蔓延” 如如:传播传播(疾病疾病),散布（信息散布（信息)“伸展，伸出，伸腰伸展，伸出，伸腰(土地，河流土地，河流)绵延绵延”(4) un. 扩张，扩大，发展；膨胀。扩张，扩大，发展；膨胀。 (5)expansive adj. 膨胀的，扩张的，辽阔的膨胀的，扩张的，辽阔的 坦率的，健谈的坦率的，健谈的14. feed vt&vi fed-fed (1)喂(人，动物，婴儿等) ，吃饭(2)抚养，饲养She feeds her boy w

21、ho is too little to feedhimself.He has a large family to feed.feed sb on sth= feed sth to sb 喂.吃.feed the dog on meat = feed meat to the dog. feed on 以.为主食= live onfeed up 养肥，使吃饱 Im fed up.be fed up with 厌烦 15.circulate vt & vi circulation un. (1)循环循环 (2)传播，散布传播，散布Blood circulates through/ in the bo

22、dy.The fan circulates the air in the room. circulate ones knowledge16. Thanks to sb/sth. 多亏，由于，因为 Thanks for sth/doing thanks to= due to=owing to because of = by reason of as a result of = on account of as a consequence of = in consequence of17. rid vt 使除去，使摆脱，免除使除去，使摆脱，免除 rid-rid riddingrid sb/ones

23、elf/ sth of . inform/ warn/ cure/remind/rob sb.of sthI tried various ways to rid the kitchen of cockroaches.You should rid yourself of that bad habit.rid a house of mice 清除室内老鼠清除室内老鼠be rid of = get rid of 摆脱，除掉，扔掉，摆脱，除掉，扔掉，I am rid of debt now.Im very glad to get rid of my bad cold. 她从来不满足于现状。她从来不满足

24、于现状。Shes never _ the present situation. 你对他的解释满意吗你对他的解释满意吗?Are you _? 18. be satisfied/content with 对对感到满意感到满意to ones satisfactionsatisfied/surprised/excited looka satisfying answersatisfied with his explanationsatisfied with令某人满意的是令某人满意的是满意的表情满意的表情令人满意的答案令人满意的答案satisfy vt 使人满意使人满意/满足满足19. freedom u

25、n. 自由自由 the freedom to do sthmore/ less freedom.20. would rather (not) do sth would rather have donewould rather do . than do= would do . rather than do would rather (that) . (必须虚拟必须虚拟)21.equip vt 装备，配备；使有能力装备，配备；使有能力 equipment un. 装备设备装备设备_ 一套设备一套设备 _ adj.准备好的，装备好的准备好的，装备好的_搭配搭配用用配备配备/装备装备_搭配搭配使某人为

26、使某人为.做好准备做好准备_搭配搭配使某人能够做使某人能够做.equip sb.for stha piece of equipment(well/poorly) equippedequip sth.with sth. 2）Our school offers good _(equip) and your training here will equip you _ your future job.3）The room is equipped _ home appliances (家用家用电器电器).with equipmentfor4）It was a modern，bright and wel

27、l _ (equip) hospital. equipped 1）这所学校）这所学校不再是从前的样子了不再是从前的样子了，那时那时它装备的很落后它装备的很落后The school is no longer what it used to be, when it was poorly equipped ._himself with necessary knowledge and skills，the young man went to the job market with much confidence.AEquipped BEquippingCHaving equipped DBeing e

28、quippedequip sb to do sth22.nationality cn. 国籍国籍 民族，国民民族，国民What is your nationality? Im Chinese.national adj. 人民的，国家的，民族的，全国性的 a national newpaper national flag national holiday national park23. occupation cn.&un. 职业，工作，占领 lose ones occupation Whats your occupation? occupy vt. 占(时间，空间，地位)；占领。 The pa

29、rk occupies a third of the city.24. confuse vt. 使困惑/糊涂；混淆，弄混。 The difficult question confused him. get/become confused 困惑，不知所措 sth confuses sb. confuse . with .I confused her with her sister because they are so alike.25. regret n.& v.懊悔，惋惜，遗憾 _adj. 后悔的，遗憾的 _adj. 无悔的，没有遗憾的 _ 后悔已经做了某事 _搭配遗憾地要去做某事_ 令某人

30、遗憾的是_遗憾地regret to do sth.regretfulregretlessregret doing/having done sthmuch to ones regret with regret The King always felt _ (regret), for he regretted _ (kill) the man who committed no crime at all. I regret_ (tell) you that your mother is ill.to tellregretfulkilling27.cause damage to. do harm to

31、= do . harm do good to = do . good 28. wash off 冲掉，洗掉 wash away 冲走，洗掉 wash down 冲洗，冲下，吞下 wash oneself 洗身体/手/脸26. chemical (1)adj. 化学的，化学性的 a chemical change a chemical reaction a chemical experiment (2)cn. 化学制品，化学药品，化学物质 (3)chemistry un. 化学，化学性质/作用 (4)chemist cn. 化学家，药剂师29.build up逐渐增强逐渐增强; 逐渐增长逐渐增长

32、;建立建立;开发开发1)The company has built up a fine reputation. 该公司已建立起良好的信誉。该公司已建立起良好的信誉。2)You must _ after your illness. 你在病后必须要增强体力。你在病后必须要增强体力。3)我们应该鼓励孩子们树立信心。我们应该鼓励孩子们树立信心。We should encourage the children to _ 4)看到你的词汇量在逐渐增长我很高兴。看到你的词汇量在逐渐增长我很高兴。Im very glad to see that your vocabulary is_.build up you

33、r strength build up their confidencegradually building up .30.lead to (led -led)The car accident led to_ 那次车祸导致他死亡。那次车祸导致他死亡。All roads lead to Rome. result in=contribute to=account for=bring aboutEg.The students in the university are all taking courses_ a degree. A. sticking to B.leading to C.turnin

34、g to D.referring to his being killed. 条条大路通罗马。条条大路通罗马。通向；导致；造成（后果）通向；导致；造成（后果）31. in addition = besides 而且 in addition to = besides 除了He is always late. In addition, he doesnt work hard.In addition to the bad weather, we dont have enough time.3232. discovery . discovery c cn n&un&un. . 发现发现 discover

35、 v. discover v. 发现发现 make a discovery. make a discovery. The discovery of new evidence led to The discovery of new evidence led to the thief being caught.the thief being caught.He made a new discovery, He made a new discovery, which which I I think is of great importance.think is of great importance

36、.33. focus cn. 33. focus cn. 焦点，焦距，中心焦点，焦距，中心the focus of attention the focus of the argument vt & vi 对准焦距，集中注意力/关心 focus . on sth/doing sth focus on sth/doing sthI focused the camera on herWe must focus our attention on urgent problems.Please Please focusfocus your minds your minds onon the followi

37、ng the following questions.questions.请你们集中精力思考下列问题。请你们集中精力思考下列问题。Each exercise Each exercise focuses onfocuses on a different point . a different point .每个练习都有不同的重点。每个练习都有不同的重点。I cant I cant focus my thoughtfocus my thought today. today.今天我的思想集中不起来。今天我的思想集中不起来。34.reduce v.减少减少;降低降低;缩小缩小(尺寸尺寸,数量数量,价格

38、等价格等)reduce by . reduce to . be reduced to sth/doingreduction n.rdk()n 减少减少了了.减少减少到到 沦落为沦落为降低，减少降低，减少The poor boy was reduced to begging.(3)The poor boy is reduced to begging. 那个可怜的孩子已沦为乞丐。那个可怜的孩子已沦为乞丐。 Its said that prices of oil will be increased _ more than 7 yuan. Because of the pressure from pe

39、ople，housing prices has reduced _ 10% since the beginning of this year.byto34. keep . free from/ of . 使. 免受(影响，伤害等)； 使.不含(有害物)This also keeps the air, soil, water and crops free from chemicals.They focus on keeping their soil rich and free of disease.35. avoid vt 避免，逃避，回避避免，逃避，回避 avoid sb/ sth/ doin

40、g/ being doneFortunately, we were able to an accident.I tried to avoid meeting him because he always bored me.37. underline vt 在.下划线；强调Underline the most important words.Read the underlined part attentively.Underline the importance of cooperation.38. comment (1) cn & un. 评论，评语，批评，意见。 Do you have any

41、 comments to make? He has made several comments on the movie. No comment! 无可奉告！无可奉告！ make a comment on/ upon sth.(2) vt& vi 评论，批评，解释, 认为。 comment on/upon The critics commented favorably on his new book.36. skim vt&vi. 略读，浏览；撇去(浮物)I didnt have time even to skim (through) the book.I forgot to skim off

42、 the fat from the stew(炖菜).1.努力做某事努力做某事_2.幸亏，由于幸亏，由于 _3.摆脱，除去摆脱，除去 _4.宁愿，宁可宁愿，宁可 _5.使某人迷惑使某人迷惑 _6.后悔做了某事后悔做了某事 _regret doing/having done sth. struggle to do sth.thanks toget rid of/rid. ofwould ratherconfuse sb7. 导致，造成导致，造成 _8. 集中注意力于集中注意力于 _9. 使使免受伤害等免受伤害等 _10. 对某事进行评论对某事进行评论 _11. 对对满意满意 _12. 有做某事的

43、自由有做某事的自由 _13.in the following decade_ 在后来的十年里在后来的十年里lead tofocus onkeep. free from.make a comment on sth.be satisfied/content withhave the freedom to do sth.14.according to the statistic_15.be rooted in _16.be fertile in _17.the underlined phrase _18.organic farming _有机农业有机农业数据表明数据表明根源于根源于盛产盛产画线的短语

44、画线的短语having struggled accommodationto tell (5)Look over theretheres a very long，winding path_ up to the house.(2011山东卷，山东卷，27)看那边看那边那儿有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。那儿有一条长长的蜿蜒小路通向那所房子。1.Tom,_ for months to find a job as a waitress，finally took a position at a local advertising agency. (10湖南湖南)汤姆汤姆, 几个月来一直努力找到一份当服

45、务员的工作几个月来一直努力找到一份当服务员的工作,最后在当地的广最后在当地的广告公司找到了一个职位。告公司找到了一个职位。2.After the earthquake,the first thing the local governmentdid was to provide_ for the homeless families.(湖北湖北) 3.She deeply regretted losing her temper.她为自己发了脾气而深感后悔。她为自己发了脾气而深感后悔。朗文朗文地震之后，政府做的第一件事就是为那些无家可归的人提供住所。地震之后，政府做的第一件事就是为那些无家可归的人提

46、供住所。(4)I regret_you that John has been fired.I can hardly believe my ears.He is such a fine worker.很遗憾的告诉你汤姆被解雇了。我不敢相信自己的耳朵，他是那么好的一个工人。leading1.I am so tired that I cant_ (pay full attention to) anything today.2.A young man attached himself to me at the party and I couldnt _ (make sb. /sth .free fro

47、m)him.get rid of focus on3.I_ (prefer to) remain poor than get money by dishonest means.4.You might guess that Dr Yuan，who is now rich and famous，_ (满意满意) his life.would ratheris satisfied with 5.The exposure of the diary _ (导致导致) many officials being caught.6._ (because of) his strong constitution，

48、Jack was able to pull through his recent serious illness.Thanks to led to7.Nowadays women _ (有有更多的自由更多的自由) to do anything they want to do.8. _(根据根据) an immigration statistic，the number of illegal immigrants in United States is currently over 22，000，000。have more freedomAccording to 9.Every Day is Va

49、lentine Day if you _ your heart _ (使远离使远离) hate and every Day is Valentine Day if you stay away from worries.10.Art _(源于源于) life while reflects it.is rooted inkeepfree from Dr.Yuan was born in Beijing in 1930.1 _he graduated from Southwest Agriculture College in 1953，he has devoted 2_ life 3_ findin

50、g ways to grow more and more rice. As a young man，he saw the great need for increasing the rice output. SincehistoAt that time，hunger was 4_ serious problem in many parts of the country. Dr Yuan searched for a way 5 _ (increase) rice harvests without expanding the area of fields.In 1950，Chinese farm

51、ers could only produce fifty million tons of rice. ato increase Last year，6 _，nearly two hundred million tons of rice7_ (produce). These increased harvests mean 8 _22% of the worlds people are fed from just 7% of the farmland in China.Dr Yuan is now circulating his 9 _ (know) in India, Vietnam and o

52、ther less developed countries to increase their rice harvests. howeverwas produced thatknowledgeThanks to his research，the UN is trying to rid the world 10 _hunger. Using his hybrid rice farmers are producing harvests twice as large as before.ofSubject-Verb Subject-Verb Agreement Agreement 主谓一致主谓一致T

53、he group _(be) made up of nine students.The group_ (be) dancing happily.is isareareThe team The team _ _ (have) some good players. (have) some good players. The team _(be)handsome. The team _(be)handsome. hashasareare1.Collective nouns（集合名词）（集合名词） 由集体名词，如由集体名词，如group, family, class, government, team

54、, crowd, company, audience等等作主语时作主语时, , 如果看成一个如果看成一个, , 如果看成如果看成. . Nothing _(be)difficult in the world if you set your mind to it .is 不定代词不定代词:everybody, everyone, everything, Anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, nobody, no one, nothing, each, the other2. Everything ready. (be)i

55、s3. Someone to see you. (want)wants 谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数. 【12湖南湖南】All the scientific evidence _that increasing use of chemicals in farming _ damaging our health. A.show; are B.shows; are C.show; is D.shows; isor, either . or, neither . nor, not only . but also, whether.or在句子中连接主语的时候在句子中连接主语的时候在在there/here

56、 be句型中句型中, 。 +Verb A , B and CNeither you nor he _ right. (is/are)There _ two shops and a cinema beside the railway station. (is/are)Here _ a map and a handbook for you. (is/are) 4. 由由and连接的两个连接的两个，谓语，谓语动词动词，这时，这时。1).The worker and writer _ our school today.( visit )2).The worker and the writer _ to

57、 the meeting . (have come / has come )have comevisitsThe singer and dancer _(be) on the stage.is2、当主语后面跟有、当主语后面跟有as well as, as much as, along with, with, together with , like, rather than, but , except, besides, including等引导的词组时，其谓语等引导的词组时，其谓语动词的单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。动词的单、复数由主语的单、复数而定。1. The teacher with two students _ at the meeting . (was / were)2.【