2017-2018学年高中英语必修五人教版课件：Unit1　Greatscientists11-英语备课大师【全免费】

1、【文章导语】 Have you heard of Newton,a famous scientist?There are many interesting stories about him.Here is one.你听说过著名科学家牛顿吗?关于他,有许多有趣的故事。下面就是其中之一。Isaac Newton was a great English scientist,who was one of the greatest men in history.But when he was thinking about his work,he often forgot other things.On

2、e morning after getting up early,Newton began to work at once.He worked on a very difficult problem.When it was time for breakfast,he was still thinking it hard,so he would not go to have breakfast.Mary brought a pan of water and an egg to his room.She was going to boil the egg for him.However,Newto

3、n wanted to stay by himself and said,“You can put the egg on the table,Ill boil it.” Having put the egg beside Newton and his watch on the table,she told him,“You must boil the egg for four minutes and then it will be ready.”Then she came out of the room.But Mary was afraid that Newton forgot to boi

4、l the egg.She went to his room again an hour later.What did she see?Newton was standing by the pan,having the egg in his hand.He had put the watch in the pan and boiled it.But he did not know what he was doing.Please remember what Newton once said,“I dont know what I may seem to the world,but,as to

5、myself,I seem to have been only like a boy playing on the sea shore,and diverting myself in now and then finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell than ordinary,while the great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me.译文艾萨克牛顿是一位伟大的英国科学家。他是历史上的一位伟人。但是当他思考自己的工作时,他经常忘记其他事情。一天早上,牛顿早早起床,立刻开始工作。他

6、在算一道很难的题。当到了早饭时间,他还在努力思考,因此他没有去吃早饭。玛丽端着一锅水和一颗鸡蛋来到他的房间。她打算给他煮鸡蛋。但是牛顿想自己待着,说:“你可以把鸡蛋放在桌子上,我会自己煮鸡蛋的。”玛丽把鸡蛋放在牛顿旁边,又把他的手表放在桌子上,说:“你一定要把鸡蛋煮四分钟,然后它才熟。”玛丽然后走出了房间。但是玛丽怕牛顿忘了煮鸡蛋。一个小时后,她又来到他的房间。她看到了什么?牛顿站在锅的旁边,手里拿着那颗鸡蛋。他把手表放在锅里煮了。但他自己却不知道了发生了什么。请记住牛顿曾经说过的一句话:“我不知道在别人看来,我是什么样的人;但在我自己看来,我不过就像是一个在海滨玩耍的小孩,为不时发现比寻常更

7、为光滑的一块卵石或比寻常更为美丽的一片贝壳而沾沾自喜,而对于展现在我面前的浩瀚的真理的海洋,却全然没有发现。”典句欣赏1.Newton was standing by the pan,having the egg in his hand.牛顿站在锅的旁边,手里拿着那颗鸡蛋。2.I dont know what I may seem to the world,but,as to myself,I seem to have been only like a boy playing on the sea shore,and diverting myself in now and then findi

8、ng a smoother pebble or a prettier shell than ordinary,while the great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me.我不知道在别人看来,我是什么样的人;但在我自己看来,我不过就像是一个在海滨玩耍的小孩,为不时发现比寻常更为光滑的一块卵石或比寻常更为美丽的一片贝壳而沾沾自喜,而对于展现在我面前的浩瀚的真理的海洋,却全然没有发现。理解诱思1.The writer gave us the example to tell us .A.Newton was careless when h

9、e did anythingB.when he was thinking hard,Newton often forgot other thingsC.Mary was his mother who often helped him with his workD.boiled watches are more delicious than boiled eggs答案:B2.Do you want to be a scientist like Newton?Why?答案:略一二三四五一、词义匹配AB1.suspecta. to tell people something about a deci

10、sion, plans,etc.2.blame b. to deal with a situation, or a person3.pollute c. a connection between two or more people or things4.handle d. to have an idea that somebody is guilty of something5.link e. to add dirty things to land, air,or water6.announce f. to say somebody is responsible for something

11、bad答案:1.d2.f3.e4.b5.c6.a一二三四五二、猜词拼写1. to end a speech,a meeting,or a piece of writing2. to win a victory over (sb.);overcome3. to take care of (sb.)4. to make a person or an animal healthy again after an illness5. a new or difficult task that tests somebodys ability and skillconclude defeat attend c

12、ure challenge 一二三四五三、词汇延伸1.conclude vt.& vi.结束;推断出 n.结论 2.expose vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光 n.揭露;暴露 3.challenge n.挑战vt.向挑战 adj.挑战性的;挑起争论的 4.suspect vt.怀疑n.被怀疑者;嫌疑犯 adj.可疑的 5.announce vt.宣布;通告 n.通告; 布告; 预告; 宣告 6.pollute vt.污染;弄脏 adj.受污染的 conclusion exposure challenging suspected announcement polluted 一二三四五四、阅读

13、课文JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”,回答下列问题1.According to John Snows view,.A.Queen Victoria suffered a lot from bad healthB.a cure had been found for cholera before his timeC.choleras cause had to be discovered in order to control itD.thousands of terrified people knew what they should do答案:C一二三四五2.Wh

14、ich of the following theories did John Snow believe in?A.A cloud of dangerous gas would float around until it found its victims.B.People absorbed cholera into their bodies with their meals.C.People got infected with cholera because of cold and hunger.D.People suffered from cholera because they were

15、not clean.答案:B3.Before 1854,when cholera broke out,.A.many thousands of people diedB.people with cholera could be curedC.John Snow began to know its causeD.John Snow became inspired答案:A一二三四五4.How did people defeat “King Cholera”?A.By not polluting the river again.B.By eating healthy diets.C.By deliv

16、ering the water from other rivers.D.By stopping drinking the polluted water.答案:D5.Whats the main idea of the passage?A.John Snow was a well-known doctor in London.B.The cause of cholera was the polluted water.C.The source of all drinking water supplies should be examined.D.How John Snow found the ca

17、use of cholera and defeated it.答案:D一二三四五五、阅读课文JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”,完成下列短文John Snow was a well-known doctor in Londonso expert,indeed,that he 1. (attend) Queen Victoria as her personal physician.But he became 2. (inspire) when he thought about helping ordinary people 3. (expose)to cholera

18、,4. was the deadly disease of its day.Many thousands of 5. (terrify) people died every time there was an outbreak.He wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem.attended inspired exposed which terrified 一二三四五After research,he marked on a map the exact places 6._ all the dead people had lived

19、.This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.Many of the 7.(die) were near the water pump in Broad Street.8. looking into the source of the water,he found that it came from the river 9._ (pollute) by the dirty water from London.Immediately,he told the people in Broad Street to remov

20、e the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.The disease slowed down soon and finally,it was 10. (defeat).where deaths After polluted defeated 12345678910Who put forward a theory about black holes?(P1)谁提出了关于黑洞的理论?考点put forward提出【高考典句】(2016天津高考)The manager put forward a suggestion that we

21、should have an assistant.There is too much work to do.经理提出了一条建议,我们应该有个助手。要做的工作太多了。It may not be a great suggestion.But before a better one is put forward,well make do with it.尽管这也许不是一个很好的建议,但是在提出一个更好的建议之前,我们先凑合一下。12345678910考点延伸(1)阅读下列句子,指出put forward的含义 Why did you put your watch forward five minut

22、es?含义 拨快I put your name forward for club secretary.含义 推荐We have decided to put forward the meeting.含义 提前12345678910(2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词组的含义Weve had to put our wedding off until September.含义 推迟We put away the tools before we leave the workshop.含义 收起来放好How could you put up with such a woman?含义 忍受1234567891

23、0put in打断,插嘴,进港put off推迟,延期put on穿,上演put away收起来放好put down写下put out生产,扑灭1234567891012345678910Draw a conclusion (P1)得出结论考点conclusion n.结论What do you base this conclusion on?你凭什么得出这个结论?考点延伸(1)阅读下列句子,指出含conclusion的词组及其含义We drew a conclusion that he had stolen the computer.词组 draw a conclusion含义 得出结论 I

24、n conclusion,the meeting is a success.词组 in conclusion含义 总之 Over the years Ive come to the conclusion that shes a very great musician.词组 come to the conclusion含义 得出结论 12345678910(2)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性、词组及其含义The meeting concluded at 8 oclock yesterday.词性 动词含义 结束What can you conclude from the facts?词组 con

25、clude from含义 从推断出 To conclude,I wish you all good health and a long life.词组 to conclude含义 最后,总之 12345678910draw a conclusion得出结论in conclusion总之come to the conclusion得出结论conclude vi.推断;断定;决定vt.推断;决定,作结论;结束conclude from从推断出to conclude总之1234567891012345678910JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA”(P2)约翰斯诺击败“霍

26、乱王”考点defeat vt.打败;战败;使受挫【高考典句】(2015天津高考)One day when I was 12,my mother gave me an order:I was to walk to the public library,and borrow at least one book for the summer.This was one more weapon for her to defeat my strange probleminability to read.在我12岁的一天,我的妈妈给我下令:我要走着去公共图书馆,在这个夏天至少借一本书读。对她来说,这是又一种

27、武器来击败我奇怪的问题没有阅读能力。They were defeated in the football match.他们在足球赛中输了。温馨提示defeat 的含义是“击败(某人)”“战胜(某人)”,常指在战争或比赛中击败对手。12345678910考点延伸(1)阅读下面句子,指出黑体词的词性及其含义Their first revolution had ended in defeat.词性 名词含义 失败温馨提示defeat泛指“失败,输”时,是不可数名词;作为“具体失败的事情”时,是可数名词。Can you still remember the two defeats?你还记得那两次失败吗

28、?12345678910(2)辨析beat,defeat与win的用法beat侧重在比赛中击败对手,而defeat常指在战争中击败对手,其宾语是人;win后常接game,war,prize等词做宾语,不接人做宾语。He defeated/beat me at chess yesterday.昨天他在下国际象棋时击败了我。Who won the game?谁赢了那场比赛?1234567891012345678910John Snow was a famous doctor in Londonso expert,indeed,that he attended Queen Victoria as h

29、er personal physician.(P2)约翰斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生他的确医术精湛,因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。剖析本句含有so.that.句式,其含义是“如此以至于”。其中that引导的是一个结果状语从句。如:【高考典句】(2015江苏高考) It is so cold that you cant go outside unless fully covered in thick clothes.天气很冷,因此除非你穿上厚衣服,否则你不能走到外面去。In the 2016 Olympic Games,the Chinese volleyball team worked so h

30、ard that they won the champion in the end.在2016年奥运会上,中国女排努力拼搏,因而最终赢得了冠军。12345678910温馨提示当“so+形容词或副词”位于句首时,主句要用部分倒装。所谓的部分倒装,就是把谓语的一部分提到主语之前,也就是把be动词/情态动词/助动词提到主语之前。如:中文:他讲话声音那么大,隔壁屋里的人都听得见。He spoke so loudly that even people in the next room could hear him.(陈述语序) So loudly did he speak that even peopl

31、e in the next room could hear him.(倒装语序)12345678910考点attend vt.照顾;护理;出席;参加The womans sons and daughters attend her every day.这位女士的儿女每天照顾着她。They have an important meeting to attend.他们有一次重要的会议要参加。Will you attend the wedding ceremony tomorrow?你会参加明天的结婚典礼吗?考点延伸(1)阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及其含义He would have a nurse

32、 in constant attendance day and night.词性 名词含义 陪护The girl attendant has set about cleaning the room.词性 名词含义 服务员12345678910(2)辨析:take part in,join,join in与attend 12345678910I have joined the school football club and often join in their activities.Im allowed to attend their meetings and to my surprise

33、one member will take part in the national sports meet.我已经加入了学校足球俱乐部,经常参加他们的活动。我被允许参加他们的会议,令我惊讶的是,一个会员将参加国家运动会。attendance n.出席,参加attendant adj.负责照顾的n.服务员attend (to sb./sth.)专心;仔细考虑attend to sb./sth.照顾,关照1234567891012345678910But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed

34、 to cholera.(P2)但当他一想到要帮助(那些)受到霍乱威胁的普通百姓,他就感到很振奋。剖析本句中的过去分词短语exposed to cholera做后置定语修饰ordinary people。如:He decided to help the Indian women exposed to violence.他决心帮助那些受到暴力威胁的印度妇女。12345678910考点expose vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光【高考典句】(2015四川高考)His study shows that when robins are exposed to light at night in the lab

35、,it leads to some genes being active at the wrong time of day.And the more birds are exposed to light,the more active they are at night.他的研究表明,在实验室里,当知更鸟在夜里被暴露在灯光下时,就会导致一些基因在白天错误的时间活跃。并且被暴露在光下越多,它们在夜里就会越活跃。Dont expose it to the sun.不要把它暴露在太阳下。归纳expose常与介词to连用。12345678910The magazine exposed the poli

36、tician as a crook.这本杂志揭露这位政治家是一个骗子。The film has been exposed.这卷胶卷曝光了。考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及其含义The cottage is in a very exposed position on the top of a hill.词性 形容词含义 暴露的Exposure to lead is known to damage the brains of young children.词性 名词含义 暴露12345678910Though he exposed himself to some dangers,he wa

37、nted to expose the officials lawless actions,which he took photos of.But his film was exposed.Even so,the official exposed his panic.虽然他置身于某些危险中,但是他还是想揭露这个官员的不法行为,他给这些行为拍了照。但是他的胶卷曝光了。即使这样,那个官员露出了恐惧。12345678910exposure n.暴露;揭发be exposed to使暴露在expose sb./sth.to.使某人/某物暴露在expose sth.揭露某事1234567891056123

38、478910Neither its cause nor its cure was understood.(P2)人们既不了解它的病源,也不了解它的治疗方法。剖析neither.nor的含义是“既不也不”,连接单词或短语做主语时,谓语动词的形式应与nor后的部分保持一致。如:Neither he nor I am going to attend the meeting.他和我都不打算去参加这次会议。考点cure n.治愈;痊愈vt.治愈;治疗Prevention is better than cure.预防胜于治疗。56123478910【高考典句】(2015湖北高考) Science has

39、a lot of uses.It can uncover laws of nature,cure diseases,make bombs,and help bridges to stand up.科学有许多用途。它可以揭示自然规律,治愈疾病,制造炸弹,并且帮助建造桥梁。考点延伸(1)阅读下列句子,指出cure的用法He went to the south for a cure for his disease at a famous hospital.归纳cure作为“治疗(办法)”讲时,是可数名词,常与介词for连用。(2)辨析cure和treat的区别56123478910Doctor Sm

40、ith thought of a cure for her headache and treated her with a new medicine,which cured her of the headache.史密斯大夫想到一种治愈她头疼的方法,用一种新药来给她治疗,治愈了她的头疼。5612347891067512348910The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals.(P2)第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。剖析本句是一个复合句,其谓语动

41、词suggest当“表明;暗示”时,其宾语从句不用虚拟语气,此时通常不用人做suggest的主语。如:Her pale face suggested that she was ill.她苍白的脸表明她生病了。考点延伸suggest当“建议”讲时,其宾语从句多用虚拟语气,即从句谓语动词用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略。如:All of them suggested that the work (should) be started at once.他们都建议立刻开始工作。67512348910考点absorb vt.吸收;吸引;使专心【高考典句】(2015天津高考)Absorb

42、ed in painting,John didnt notice evening approaching.约翰专心于画画,没有注意到夜幕降临。So many good ideas! Its too much for me to absorb all at once.这么多好主意!太多了,很难一下完全吸收。The book absorbed his attention.这本书吸引了他的注意力。He was absorbed in his job.他专心于他的工作。归纳be absorbed in意为“专心于”67512348910考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出absorb的含义The clever

43、boy absorbed all the knowledge his teacher could give him.含义 接受(看法、知识等)675123489106751234891078651234910It seemed that the water was to blame.(P2)看来水是罪魁祸首。剖析It seemed后的that可省略。如:It seems (that) our team is going to win.我们队好像要赢了。考点blame vt.责备;谴责;把归咎于n.过失;责备【高考典句】(2016全国高考丙)I often had crazy dreams in

44、 which I was to blame for Millers accident.我经常做噩梦,在梦里,我因为米勒的事故而受到责备。Dont blame him.After all he is still a child.不要责备他。毕竟,他还是个孩子。Dont put the blame on the children.不要把过失归咎于孩子们。78651234910考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出黑体词的词性及其含义He has always lived a blameless life.词性 形容词含义 清白的blameless adj.没有毛病的,清白的be to blame应该受到责备b

45、lame sth.on sb.把某事怪到某人头上put/lay the blame on sb.把过失归咎于某人take/bear the blame承担责任7865123491089765123410He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used.(P2)他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵的把手。这样,水泵就用不成了。考点一immediately adv.立即;马上If you hear an

46、alarm,leave the building immediately.要是听见警报,马上离开大楼。June comes immediately after May.五月一过便是六月。归纳immediately做副词时,其同义词为:at once/right away。89765123410考点延伸阅读下列句子,指出immediately的词性及含义I left immediately the clock struck twelve.词性 连词含义 一就考点二handle n.柄;把手vt.处理;操纵The pilot knows how to handle a plane.飞行员知道如何操

47、作飞机。Can the new worker handle the matter?那位新工人能够处理那件事情吗?8976512341091087651234With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the germs.(P3)有了这个特别的证据,约翰斯诺就能肯定地宣布,这种被污染了的水携带着病菌。考点announce vt.宣布;通告【高考典句】(2015四川高考)As the vegetables started coming in,Dad threw himself into cooking.One day,armed with a basket of vegetables,he announced he was going to make stew.随着蔬菜开始收获,爸爸致力于烹饪。一天,提着一篮子蔬菜,爸爸宣布他要去炖菜。91087651234考点延伸(1)announce后可接that引导的宾语从句。如:They announced that she would give one extra