高中被动语态精心制作编辑(非比制作)概述

1、高一语法被动语态被动语态Warming upLove To Be Loved By You是一首旋律优美的英文歌曲，演唱者是美国流行歌手马克特伦茨（Marc Terenzi）。2005年，Marc与德国歌手莎拉寇娜（Sarah Connor）结婚时，将这首歌作为爱的礼物献给妻子。Task 1 Fill the blank by the song Baby, tell me how can I tell you That I you more than life Show me how can I show you That Im by your light When you touch me

2、I can touch you To find out the dream is true I to be loved I need to be I to be by youloveblindedlovelovedlovelovedSummary: 主动 or 被动？ 主动被动That I love you more than lifeThat Im blinded by your light I love to be loved I need to be lovedI love to be loved by you(五五 含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态： 英语动词有两种语态，

3、英语动词有两种语态，主动语态主动语态和和被动语态被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：示主语是动作的承受者。如： They will build a new bridge over the river. (主动主动) A new bridge will be built over the river. (被动被动) 汉语中常用汉语中常用“被被”、“给给”、“由由”、“受受”等词用来表示被动，而英语用：等词用来表示被动，而英语用： 构成。构成。 主要体现在主要体现在bebe的变化上，其形式与系动词的变化上，其形式与

4、系动词bebe的变化形式完全的变化形式完全一样。以一样。以 为例，列表如下：为例，列表如下： 一般现在时：一般现在时： 一般过去时：一般过去时： 一般将来时：一般将来时： 一般过去将来时：一般过去将来时： 现在进行时：现在进行时： 过去进行时：过去进行时： 现在完成时：现在完成时： 过去完成时：过去完成时： 将来完成时：将来完成时： 过去将来完成时：过去将来完成时： am / is / are + done am / is / are + done was / were + was / were + done shall / will + be shall / will + be done s

5、hould / would + be should / would + be done am / is / are + being + am / is / are + being + done was / were + being + was / were + being + done have / has + been + have / has + been + done had + been + had + been + done shall / will + have been + shall / will + have been + done should / would + have

6、 been + should / would + have been + done 1. 一般现在时：一般现在时： (1)People grow rice in the south of the country. (2)The school doesnt allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher. .If he_ enough time, he will come up with an idea.A. gives B. will give C. is given D. will be given.A new film is go

7、ing to _ this Sunday.A. show B. showing C. be shown D. be showing. Many bridges _ over the river since liberation.A. are built B. Have built C. built D. have been built.The radio says a wild animal zoo is to _ in our city.A. be building B. build C. be built D. built2. 一般过去时：一般过去时： (1)They agreed on

8、the building of a new car factory last month. (2)The students didnt forget his lessons easily. . I should very much like to have gone to the party,but I_invited. A.am not B.havent been C.was not D.will not be析：析：should/would like to have done sth.意意“本本想做某事想做某事”，例如：，例如：I should like to have seen the

9、film,but it wasnt possible.由于这种句式由于这种句式表示表示“过去想过去想”，所以，所以but后的句子也应该是后的句子也应该是过去时态与之相配合，故此题答案是过去时态与之相配合，故此题答案是C。3. 一般将来时：一般将来时： (1)They will send cars abroad by sea. (2)They will give plenty of jobs to school-leavers. . I promise that the matter will_. (NMET) A.be taden care B.be taken care of C.take

10、care D.take care of析：析：take care of是固定短语，若无是固定短语，若无of则不可带宾语，则不可带宾语，只能跟只能跟that从句。所以此题答案为从句。所以此题答案为B。 4. 过去将来时：过去将来时： (1)The manager said they would complete the project by the end of the year. (2) The workers told me they would mend the car as soon as possible. 5. 现在进行时：现在进行时： (1)The radio is broadca

11、sting English lessons. (2) We are painting the rooms. . Have you got the result of the last examination?Not yet. Weve been told that the papers _. A. are marked B. are being markedC. have been marked D. were marked此题答案应为此题答案应为B。.We cant use the bridge now, because it _.A. has been repaired B. is rep

12、airing C. is repaired D. is being repaired 6. 过去进行时：过去进行时： (1)The workers were mending the road. (2)This time last year we were planting trees here. 7. 现在完成时：现在完成时： (1)Someone has told me (2)He has brought his book here. 8. 过去完成时：过去完成时： (1)When I got to the theatre, I found (2) The whole country was

13、 very sad at the news of his death; . Have you got the result of the last examination?Not yet. Weve been told that the papers _. A. are marked B. are being markedC. have been marked D. were marked此题答案应为此题答案应为B。.A lot of new roads _ built in the west of China.A. must B. must be C. has D. have .His ca

14、r _ tomorrow.A. will be repaired B. is repaired C. is being repaired D. has been repaired 含有情态动词的被动语态：含有情态动词的被动语态： 含有情态动词的被动语态是由含有情态动词的被动语态是由“情态动词情态动词+ be+ 及物动词的过去分词及物动词的过去分词”构成。构成。 (1)You must hand in your compositions after class. (2)He can write a great many letters with the computer. Ask and ans

15、wer waterevery day at homemy grandmaA: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Where are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.A: Who are the flowers watered by?B: The flowers are watered by my grandma.A: Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home eve

16、ry day? B: yes, they are.A: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Where are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.A: Who are the flowers watered by?B: The flowers are watered by my grandma.A: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered ever

17、y day.A: Where are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.A: Are the flowers watered by my grandma at home every day? B: yes, they are.A: Who are the flowers watered by?B: The flowers are watered by my grandma.A: When are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered every day.A: Wh

18、ere are the flowers watered?B: The flowers are watered at home.When WhereWho.Do you like the material? Yes,it_very soft. (NMET) A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt析：观察题干，空白线后无宾语，可知析：观察题干，空白线后无宾语，可知feel是是不及物动词，表不及物动词，表“（某物）摸起来（某物）摸起来”意思意思,是连系动词，不能用于被动式，也不用进是连系动词，不能用于被动式，也不用进行时。根据此题对话情景，是指某种材料行时。根据此

19、题对话情景，是指某种材料的常规特性，要用一般现在时，不能用过的常规特性，要用一般现在时，不能用过去时，故答案为去时，故答案为C。feel作作“感觉感觉”、“认认为为”、“摸摸”等意时是及物动词，可带宾等意时是及物动词，可带宾语，有时态，语态等变化。语，有时态，语态等变化。Great changes_in the city,and a lot of factories_. (NMET) A.have been taken placehave been set up B.have taken placehave been set up C.have taken placehave set up D

20、.were taken placewere set up析：析：take place（发生）是不及物动词，不可用于被（发生）是不及物动词，不可用于被动语态，于是可排除动语态，于是可排除A、D，又因，又因set up(建造建造)是及是及物动词，在此题中应该用被动式，故排除物动词，在此题中应该用被动式，故排除C，答案，答案为为B。n1、，常考的有或有 happen, take place, break out, belong to, cost, last等n Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.2022-3-16第一，一些不及物动词

21、短语没有被动语态，如：take place, break out, belong to, lose heart, consist of, add up to等。如： The fire broke out in the capital building. 误：The fire was broke out in the capital building. 第二，不及物动词没有被动语态，如：rise, happen, succeed, remain, lie等。 When we got to the top of the mountain, the sun had already risen. 误：

22、The sun had already been risen. After the earthquake, few houses remained. 误：After the earthquake, few houses were remained. 2022-3-162.open, break, drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态 The shop opens till 12 oclock at night. 3.感官系动词一般用感官系动词一般用意义，如：意义，如：feel, sound, taste, look, feel, get, turn, become等。等。 (1) Do y

23、ou like the material? Yes, it feels very soft. 误：误：It is felt very soft. (2)The food tastes delicious. 误：误：The food is tasted delicious. (3)The pop music sounds beautiful. 误：误：The pop music is sounded beautiful. .This music _ the Moonlight Sonata .A. is listened to B. is heard C. is sounded like D.

24、sounds like.This car _ a used car.A. doesnt look like B. isnt liked like C. does look D. looks 4.有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和有些动词既是及物又是不及物，当它们和well, badly, easily等副词连用时，等副词连用时，表示表示主语内在品质或性能主语内在品质或性能，是不及，是不及物动词，用物动词，用主动表示被动主动表示被动，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：，这时不用被动语态，常见的有：write, read, clean, sell, wash, cook 等。等。如：如： (1)The

25、 cloth washes easily. 这布很好洗。这布很好洗。 (2)The new product sells well. 这新产品很畅销这新产品很畅销。 对比：对比： The books sell well. (主动句主动句) The books were sold out. (被动句被动句) The meat didnt cook well. (主动句主动句) The meat was cooked for a long time. (被动句被动句)2022-3-165.5.在在need，want，require, deserve等等+ doing，动名词，动名词用主动形式用主动形

26、式表示被动表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。定式的被动形式。如如need doing=need to be doneneed doing=need to be done1). 树需要浇水。The trees need watering.= The trees need to be watered.2). 孩子需要照顾。Children want looking after.=Children want to be looked after.3). 电视机需要修理。The TV needs repairing.=The TV needs to be repa

27、ired.4). 这电影值得一看。The film deserves seeing.=The film deserves to be seen.The film deserves seeing.=The film deserves to be seen.2022-3-166.6.形容词形容词worth后面跟动名词的后面跟动名词的主动主动形式形式表表示被动示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。 The novel is well worth readingThe novel is very worthy t

28、o be read注：be well worth doing为固定搭配，表示非常值得做，只用well修饰，不用其它修饰，不用其它2022-3-167.7.动词不定式动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和其所修饰的在名词后面作定语，不定式和其所修饰的名词之间有名词之间有动宾关系动宾关系，又和，又和句中主语构成主谓关系句中主语构成主谓关系, 不不定式的主动形式表示被动含义定式的主动形式表示被动含义。 I have a lot of things to do this afternoon （动词不定式to do修饰 things, 与 things构成动宾关系，又与句子主语I构成主动关系，此时用不定式

29、的主动形式表被动）同理：同理：He has several tasks to complete.试比较：Ill go to the post office. Do you have a letter to be posted? (动词不定式to be posted修饰a letter，与a letter构成动宾关系，但与句子主语you不是主动关系，因此需用不定的的被动语态)2022-3-168.“be+under/in等介词等介词+名词名词”结构可结构可表示现在表示现在进行时的被动语态含义进行时的被动语态含义常用的这种结构有：under consideration正在被考虑中 under co

30、nstruction 正在被建设中under discussion 正在被考虑中 under examination 正在被检查中under protection 正在被保护中 under repair 正在被修理中 The problem is under discussion at the meeting.（问题正在会议上被讨论）=The problem is being discussed at the meeting.9.9.含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个含有双宾语的主动句变被动句时，可分别将其中的一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比宾语变为主语，另

31、一个不动，一般变间接宾语为主语时比较多。较多。 如如, ,双宾语动词双宾语动词My uncle gave me a present on my birthday. I was given a present on my birthday. 如果把直接宾语如果把直接宾语( (指物指物sthsth) )改为主语，则在间接宾语改为主语，则在间接宾语( (指人指人sbsb) )前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说：前加适当的介词，如上句还可以说： A present was given to me yesterday. My mum bought a shirt for me. 你会改吗？你会改吗？一般在下

32、列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词一般在下列动词后，常在间接宾语前用介词 toto，如：如： bring, give, hand, lend, offer, pass, pay, promise, sell, show, take, teach, tell 等。等。 (1) The book was showed to the class. (2) My bike was lent to her. 一般一般在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词在下列动词后，间接宾语前用介词 forfor, , 如：如： build, buy, cook, cut, choose, do, fetch, find, fix

33、, get, keep, make, order, paint, play, sing 等。等。 (1) A new skirt was made for me. (2) The meat was cooked for us. (3) Some country music was played for us. 2022-3-1610.10.在使役动词在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面不定式作宾语补语时，等后面不定式作宾语补语时，在主动结构中不定式在主动结构中不定式to要省略，但变为

34、被动结构时，要要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加加to。1). The boss 1). The boss mademade the child the child work work 12 hours a day.12 hours a day. The child was made The child was made to to work 12 hours a day.work 12 hours a day.2). I2). I saw saw the man the man enterenter the building. the building. The man was seen The

35、 man was seen toto enter the building. enter the building.3). Dr. Lee 3). Dr. Lee heardheard the man the man singsing last night. last night. The man was heard The man was heard toto sing last night. sing last night.They _ day and night.A.are made work B. are made to work C. made to be worked D. are

36、 making to work 2022-3-1611.11.谓语动词带有，变为被动语态介词或副词需保留1) We should make full use of time. Time should be made full use of.2) My aunt will look after Dabao when my mother is not at home.Dabao will be looked after by my aunt when my mother is not at home. 由由动词动词+ + 介词介词或或副词副词构成的短语动词，要把它们作为整体看，构成的短语动词，要把

37、它们作为整体看，即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类即把它们看成一个及物动词，介词或副词不可拆开或漏掉。这类动词有：动词有： agree to, ask for, laugh at, operated on, listen to, look after, think of, talk about 等。等。 bring about, carry out, find out, give up, hand in, make out, pass on, point out, put away, put off, think over, turn down, work out, tu

38、rn out 等等。 .That kind of shirts _ cotton.A. is made from B. are made from C. is made of D. are made of.My suit are made _ cotton and _ Shanghai.A.from ,in B. of, in C. of, by D. from ,by 12.12.在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可在汉语中，有一类句子不出现主语，在英语中一般可用被动结构来表示，例如：用被动结构来表示，例如： 据说据说It is said that 据报导据报导It is repo

39、rted that 据推测据推测It is supposed that 希望希望It is hoped that 众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 普遍认为普遍认为 It is generally considered that 有人建议有人建议 It is suggested that 1) It is reported that it is going to rain tomorrow. 2) It is well known that Thomas Edison invented the electric lamp.2022-3-16句型句型“Itbe过去分词

40、过去分词that从句从句” = =“主语主语be过去分词过去分词to do sth.” the boy has passed the national exam. The boyhave passed the national exam. 2022-3-16注意1.1.当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时当不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时，常用被动语态，这时往往不用往往不用by 短语。短语。 2.2.突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用突出或强调动作的承受者，如果需要说出动作的执行者，用by 短语。短语。 3.3.当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是

41、动作的承受者时，当汉语句子的主语既不是动作的执行者，也不是动作的承受者时，这时常用这时常用in + + 名词作状语，而代替名词作状语，而代替 by 短语。短语。 2022-3-164.宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定宾语是反身代词，相互代词，同源宾语，不定式，式，v-ing形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被形式及抽象名词等，不能变为被动句子的主语，如：动句子的主语，如： I taught myself English. 误：误：Myself was taught English. We love each other. 误：误：Each other is loved. 2022-3-16谓语

42、是及物动词谓语是及物动词leave, enter, reach, suit, have, benefit, lack, own等。如：等。如： He entered the room and got his book. 误：误：The room was entered and his book was got. She had her hand burned. 误：误：Her hand was had burned. 2022-3-165 5 把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时把主动语态变为被动语态时，其谓语动词的时态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动态要与原句时态保持一致，其谓语动 词的数要词的数要与