高中英语必修六 unit2Grammar

1、2021/3/91Subjunctive Mood (2) Unit 2 GrammarUnit 2 Grammar2021/3/92在上一单元中我们学习了虚拟在上一单元中我们学习了虚拟语气语气(和现在、过去、将来事实和现在、过去、将来事实相反相反)的用法。在本单元中我们的用法。在本单元中我们将复习上一单元所学内容、引将复习上一单元所学内容、引申一些新知识并通过练习进一申一些新知识并通过练习进一步加深理解。步加深理解。2021/3/93ObjectiveTo learn more about the subjunctive mood and use it properly.2021/3/94语

2、法讲解建议采用归纳法，如语法讲解建议采用归纳法，如尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，尽可能多的呈现一些相关例句，或可让学生从已学课文中找相或可让学生从已学课文中找相应例句，引导学生试着从所观应例句，引导学生试着从所观察到的语言现象中总结出语言察到的语言现象中总结出语言规则和语法规律。规则和语法规律。2021/3/95Lets look at this poem. Our first football matchWe would have won if Jack had scored that goal, if wed had just a few more minutes, if we had tr

3、ained harder,We would have won if wed been better!This poem contains sentences in the subjunctive mood. 2021/3/96虚拟语气虚拟语气 1）概念概念 虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观虚拟语气用来表示说话人的主观愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，愿望或假想，所说的是一个条件，不一定是事实，或与事实相反。不一定是事实，或与事实相反。2021/3/972 2）在条件句中的应用）在条件句中的应用 条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条条件句可分为两类，一类为真实条件句，一类为非真实条件句。非真件句，一类为非真实

4、条件句。非真实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可实条件句表示的是假设的或实际可能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。能性不大的情况，故采用虚拟语气。2021/3/98在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中在条件状语从句和结果状语从句中, ,表示表示与事实相反的条件和结果。与事实相反的条件和结果。1) 与现在事实相反：与现在事实相反：If 主语主语 , 主语主语 +V原原 was/were/V-edshould (wouldcould, might)2021/3/992) 与过去事实相反：与过去事实相反：If 主语主语 , 主语主语 +have V-ed3) 与将来事实相反：与将来事实相反：If 主语主语 , 主语

5、主语 +V原原should (wouldcould, might)shouldwere toshould (wouldcould, might)had been /V-ed2021/3/910 假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气虚拟语气(mixed conditionals)。主句和从句。主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。 If the weather had been finer, the crops would be growing

6、still better. If you had followed the teachers advice, you wouldnt be in the hospital.2021/3/9111. We use mixed conditionals when the main clause and the if-clause are about different tenses. e.g. If you had come and attended the meeting yesterday, you would know what we are doing now. If you had fo

7、llowed my advice, you would not be in trouble now.2021/3/9122. We use otherwise, or and phrases beginning with with, without and but for to replace an if-clause in implied conditionals. Without air , there would be no living things. But for your help , I couldnt have done it.(If there were no air)(I

8、f it hadnt been for your help)2021/3/913I was busy that day. Otherwise I would have gone there with them.(If I hadnt been busy that day, I would have gone there with them.) I would have finished the work, but I have been ill. (If I hadnt been ill, I would have finished the work.)2021/3/9143. In adve

9、rbial clauses introduced by even if, as if, as though and if only we can use unreal conditionals.He treats his elder sister as though she were a stranger. 2021/3/915即使生了病，他也去办公室。即使生了病，他也去办公室。 Even if he were ill, he would go to his office. 她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一她谈论那部影片，就好像她确实看过一样。样。She talked about the f

10、ilm as if she had really seen it. 2021/3/916虚拟语气特殊句型：虚拟语气特殊句型： wish/if only 现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：did（were）had donewould do 1) I wish I were a bird.（现在）（现在）2) I wish I hadnt made such a mistake.（过去）（过去）3) We wish our parents wouldnt punish us. （将来）（将来）2021/3/917If only I knew his name!If only we had fol

11、lowed your advice!If only I could see him again! 要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就要是我们的父母能和我们住在一起就好了。好了。 要是我没错过火车就好了！要是我没错过火车就好了！If only our parents could live with us!If only I hadnt missed the train!2021/3/918 I wish I were as tall as you. 我希望和你一样高。我希望和你一样高。 He wished he hadnt said that. 他希望他没讲那样的话。他希望他没讲那样的话。 I w

12、ish it would rain tomorrow. 我希望明天下雨就好了。我希望明天下雨就好了。wish to do 表达法。表达法。wish sb. / sth. to do I wish to see the manager. = I want to see the manager. I wish the manager to be informed at once. = I want the manager to be informed at once.2021/3/9192. would rather that现在：现在：过去：过去：未来：未来：I would rather you

13、 paid me now. I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.diddidhad done2021/3/9203. Its (about/high) time + that should dodid你该走了。你该走了。我们该去我们该去睡觉了。睡觉了。Its high time that you went.Its high time that you were going.Its high time that you should go.Its time that we wen

14、t to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 2021/3/9214. 表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。表示要求，命令，建议的虚拟语气。1) 宾语从句。常见动词：宾语从句。常见动词： 一个坚持，两个一个坚持，两个 命令，三个建议，四个要求。即：命令，三个建议，四个要求。即：1. insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose4. demand, require, request, desire这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。即从句中的动词使用用法。即

15、从句中的动词使用should + 动词动词原形，或者将原形，或者将should省略。省略。2021/3/922我们建议我们建议Tom去休息一下。去休息一下。他坚决要求我到场。他坚决要求我到场。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。国王命令囚犯明天要实施死刑。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。他们要求我们派他们去那儿工作。We suggested that Tom have a rest.He insisted that I (should) be present.The king ordered that the prisoners be killed the next day.They requested

16、 that we (should) send them to work there.2021/3/923I suggest that we (should) hold a meeting next week. He insisted that he (should) be sent there.注意：如果注意：如果suggest, insist不表示不表示建议建议 或或坚持要某人做某事坚持要某人做某事时，即它们用于时，即它们用于其本意其本意暗示、表明暗示、表明、坚持认为坚持认为时，时，宾语从句用陈述语气。宾语从句用陈述语气。2021/3/924 The guard at gate insist

17、ed that everybody _ (obey) the rules.2. He insisted that she _ (be) seriously ill and that _ (send) to hospitals at once.3. He suggested that we _ (have) a meeting at once.4. His pale face suggested that he _ (be) ill.obeywasbe senthavewas2021/3/925 以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从以上动词相应的名词构成的名词性从句（包括主语从句，表语从句和同位句（

18、包括主语从句，表语从句和同位语从句）也要使用虚拟语气，即：语从句）也要使用虚拟语气，即： (should) + v-原形。原形。 名词形式名词形式: order, advice, suggestion, proposal, demand, desire request, requirement2021/3/926The suggestion is that the plan be carried out at once.My demand is that she should come to see me once a week.All of us are for the advice tha

19、t the chemical factory should be closed down.2021/3/9275. Its necessary / strange / natural / important + that-Clause 从句中的动从句中的动 词要用虚拟，即（词要用虚拟，即（should）+ 动词原形动词原形It is important that we (should) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that we should

20、 study hard.2021/3/9286. 某些简单句的固定句型：某些简单句的固定句型： Heaven help him! God bless you! May you succeed! Long live the Peoples Republic of China!2021/3/929虚拟语气的用法。虚拟语气的用法。Review2021/3/930Individual activity注注: 另附另附 word 文档。文档。点击此处链接点击此处链接2021/3/931 _ cease advertising, prices would be significantly reduced.

21、 A. Were they to B. Could they C. If they D. Would they2. My suggestion is that she _ more exercise, which will do a lot of good to her. A. takes B. must take C. take D. took Quiz I: Multiple choice. 2021/3/9323. You dont have to be in such a hurry. I would rather you _ on business first. A. would g

22、o B. will go C. went D. have gone4. If only the committee _ the regulations and put them into effect as soon as possible. A. approve B. will approve C. can approve D. would approve2021/3/9335. We didnt know his telephone number, otherwise we _ him. A. would have telephoned B. must have telephoned C.

23、 would telephone D. had telephoned6. It was essential that the application forms _ back before the deadline. A. must be sent B. would be sent C. be sent D. were sent2021/3/9347. This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense. (2009天津天津) A

24、. would B. should C. could D. might2021/3/9358. But for their help, we _ the program in time. (2009安徽安徽) A. can not finish B. will not finish C. had not finished D. could not have finished9. But for the help of my English teacher, I _ the first prize in the English Writing Competition. (2009福建福建) A.

25、 would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won 2021/3/93610. If he _ my advice, he wouldnt have lost his job. (2010湖南湖南) A. followed B. should follow C. had followed D. would follow11. George is going to talk about the geography of his country, but Id rather he _ more on its cul

26、ture. (2010江苏江苏) A. focus B. focused C. would focus D. had focused2021/3/93712. If we _ the other road, we might have arrived here in time for the meeting. (2010陕西陕西) A. take B. had taken C. took D. have taken13. John went to the hospital alone. If he _ me about it, I would have gone with him. (2010

27、天津天津) A. should tell B. tells C. told D. had told2021/3/93814. Had I known about this computer program, a huge amount of time and energy _. (2010浙江浙江) A. would have been saved B. had been saved C. will be saved D. was saved15. I _ through that bitter period without your generous help. (2011陕西陕西) A.

28、couldnt have gone B. didnt go C. wouldnt go D. hadnt gone2021/3/93916. Where are the children? The dinners going to be completely ruined. I wish they _ always late. (2011北京北京) A. werent B. hadnt been C. wouldnt be D. wouldnt have been2021/3/94017. Maybe if I _ science, and not literature then, I wou

29、ld be able to give you more help. (2011北京北京) A. studied B. would study C. had studied D. was studying2021/3/94118. If my car _ more reliable, I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. (2012陕西陕西) A. was B. had been C. should be D. would be19. Sorry, I am too busy now. If I _ time, I would certainly go for an outing with you. (2012湖南湖南) A. have had B. had had C. have D. had2021/3/94220. If we _ adequate preparations, the conference wouldnt have been so successful. (2012山东山东) A. havent made B. wouldnt make C