美国文学史复习资料

1、TheColonialPeriod1. JohnSmith:ADescriptionofNewEngland2. WilliamBradford:OfPlymouthPlantation3. JohnWinthrop:AModelofChristianCharity4. AnneBradstreetTenthMuseContemplationsToMyDearandLovingHusbandTheFleshandtheSpirit5. EdwardTaylorHuswiferyUponaSpiderCatchingaFly6. RogerWilliamsTheBloodyTenetofPers

2、ecutionfortheCauseofConscience7. JohnWoolman:Journal8. ThomasPaineCommonSenseTheAmericanCrisisTheRightsofManTheAgeofReason9. PhilipFreneauTheRisingGloryofAmericaTheWildHoneySuckleTheIndianBuryingGround10.CharlesBrockdenBrown:AnAmericanTale1. JonathanEdwardsTheFreedomoftheWillTheNatureofTrueVirtue2.

3、BenjaminFranklinTheAutobiographyAmericanPuritanism:Religiousidealism&levelheadedcommonsenseTheGreatDoctrineofOriginalSinDefendedSinnersintheHandsofanAngryGodPoorRichard'sAlmanacAmericanRomanticism1.WashingtonIrvingAHistoryofNewYorkfromtheBeginningoftheWorldtotheEndoftheDutchDynasty,TheSketch

4、Book:RipVanWinkleTheLegendofSleepyHollowTheHistoryoftheLifeandVoyagesofChristopherColumbusAChronicleoftheConquestofGranadaTheAlhambraLifeofGoldsmithLifeofWashingtonJamesFenimoreCooperTheSpyLeatherstockingTales:ThePioneersTheLastofMohicansThePrairieThePathfinderTheDeerslayerNewEnglandTranscendentalis

5、m1.RalphWaldoEmersonNatureTheAmericanScholar2. HenryDavidThoreauCivilDisobedienceWalden3. NathanielHawthorneTheScarletLetterMossesfromanoldManse4. HermanMelvilleMobyDickClarelTheRepresentativeMenAWeekontheConcordandMerrimackRiverTheMarbleFaunRedburnTheHouseoftheSevenGablesTheBlithedaleRomanceTypeeOm

6、ooMardiWhiteJacketTheConfidenceMan5. WaltWhitmanLeavesofGrassSongofMyselfCrossBrooklynFerry6. EmilyDickinsonMyLifeClosedTwicebeforeitsCloseMinebytheRightoftheWhiteElectionToFightAloudATriumphMaybeIknowthatHeexistsIfICanStopOneHeartfromBreakingIReckonWhenICountatAllIHeardaFlyBuzzWhenIDiedBillyBuddThe

7、rewasaChildWentForthWildNightsWildNightsDeathisaDialoguebetweenTheBrainisWilderthantheSkyTheBeggarLadDiesEarlyWhenIwasSmallaWomanDiedThisisMyLettertotheWorldAgeofRealism1. WilliamDeanHowells威廉迪恩豪威尔斯(1837-1920)TheRiseofSilasLaphamAModernInstanceAHazardofNewFortunes2. HenryJames亨禾U詹姆斯(1843-1916)DaisyM

8、illerTheGoldenBowlThePortraitofaLadyTheTurnoftheScrewTheIvoryTowerTheSenseofthePastTheAmbassadorsWhatMaisieKnewLocalcolorism1. MarkTwain美国文学之父TheCelebratedJumpingFrogofCalaverasCounty(nationalfamous)TheGildedAge(hisfirstnovel)TheAdventuresofTomSawyer(美国文学里程碑)TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn(colloquial

9、style)LifeontheMississippiAConnecticutYankeeinKingArthur'sCourtTheManThatCorruptedHadleyburgTheMysteriousStrangerAutobiographyInnocentAbroadRoughingItPudd'nheadWilsonThePrinceandthePauperAmericanClaimant2. BretHarteTheLuckofRoaringCamp3. HamlinGarlandMain-TraveledRoadsCrumblingIdols4. Harrie

10、tBeecherStowe:OldtownFolks5. EdwardEggleston:TheHoosierSchoolmaster6. ConstanceFenimoreWoolson:CastleNowhere:Lake-CountrySketches7. SarahOrneJewett:Deephaven8. KateChopin（女性主义作家）BayouFolkANightinAcadieTheAwakeningAmericanNaturalism1. StephenCraneMaggie:AGirloftheStreetTheRedBadgeofCourageTheOpenBoat

11、（短篇小说）TheBlueHotelAnExperimentinMiseryTheBlackRiders（hisfirstbookofpoems）2. FrankNorrisMcTeague（第一部作品）Trilogy:TheOctopusThePitTheResponsibilitiesoftheNovelist3. TheodoreDreiserSisterCarrieJennieGerhardtTrilogyofDesireTheFinancierTheTitanTheStoicTheGeniusAnAmericanTragedyTheBulwark4.EdwinArlingtonRob

12、inson（自然主义诗人）ManAgainsttheSky5. JackLondonTheCalloftheWildMartinEden6. O.HenryTheGiftoftheMagiRichardCorryWhiteFangLoveofLifeTheNecklaceMiniverCheevyTheSeaWolf（短篇小说）Flammonde7.Sinclair:TheJungleNaturalismAmericannaturalismcameintobeingintheninetiesofthe19thcentury.Itisevolvedfromrealismwhentheauthor

13、'stoneinwritingbecomelessseriousandlesssympatheticbutmoreironicandmorepessimistic.Itisnomorethanagloomyphilosophicalapproachtoreality,ortohumanexistence.NaturalismwritersareCrane,NorrisandDreiser.TranscendentalismTranscendentalism,whichappearedafter1830,markedthematurityofAmericanRomanticismandt

14、hefirstRenaissanceintheAmericanliteraryhistory.ItreferstothereligiousandphilosophicaldoctrinesofEmerson,Thoreauandothers,whichemphasizedtheimportanceofindividualinspirationandintuition,theover-soulandNature.Otherconceptsthataccompaniedtranscendentalismincludetheideathatnatureisennoblingandtheindivid

15、ualisdivineand,therefore,self-reliant.ActuallytranscendentalismisaphilosophicalschoolwhichabsorbedsomeideologicalconcernsofAmericanPuritanismandEuropeanRomanticism.RealismRealismcameinthelatterhalfofthe19thcenturyasareactionagainstthelieofromanticismandsentimentalism.Itturnedfromanemphasisonthestran

16、getowardafaithfulrenderingoftheordinary,asliceoflifeasitisreallylived.Itexpressestheconcernforcommonplaceandthelow,anditoffersanobjectiveratheranidealisticviewofhumannatureandhumanexperience.Arealisticwriterismoreobjectivethansubjective,moredescriptivethansymbolic.Realistslookedfortruthineverydaytru

17、ths.SomeoftherepresentativesareWilliamDeanHowellsandHenryJamesDeismDeismbecamepopularduringthe17thand18thcenturies-duringtheAgeofEnlightenment-especiallyinTheUnitedKingdom,France,andTheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Itisareligiousphilosophywhichbelievesthatreligioustruthisshownbyreasonappliedtoempiricalevent

18、s.SomeofthetypicalwritersincludeJamesMadison,JohnAdams,AlexanderHamilton,EthanAllenandThomasPaine.InfluencedbydeismwereThomasJeffersonandBenjaminFranklin.AmericanPuritanismPuritanismisthepracticesandbeliefsofthePuritans.Puritanswantedtopuritytheirreligiousbeliefsandpractices.AmericanPuritanismstressespredestination,originalsinandtotaldepravity,andlimitedatonementfromGod'sgrace.Butduetothegrimstruggleforlivinginthenewcontinent,puritansbecomemoreandmorepractical.AmericanPuritanismissomuchapartofthenationalatmosphereratherthanasetoftenets.WritersofPuritanismareAnneBradstreeta