一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时

1、教学内容知识点一：一般现在时【知识梳理】(1) 一般现在时的基本结构和变化1 .一般现在时的结构be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。e.g. I am a boy.我是一个男孩。行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。一般现在时主要用动词的原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，则在动词原形后加"-s"或"-es"e.g. He gets up early in the morning.2 .否定句和疑问句的变化be动词的变化：A.否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 He is not a worker.他不是工人。8. 一般疑问句：Be

2、 + 主语 + 其它。 -Are you a student? -Yes. I am./ No, I'm not.C.特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句。 Where is my bike?行为动词的变化：A.否定句:主语 + don't( doesn't ) + 动词原形(+其它)。I don't like bread. / He doesn't like bread.9. 一般疑问句：Do ( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。-Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I don't.-

3、Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.C.特殊疑问句：疑问词 +一般疑问句。 How does your father go to work?(注意回顾动词第三人称单数形式变化规则)般情况下在词尾力口s helpfhelps, cleanfcleans, playfplays, wearfwears, give fgives;以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的动词在词尾力口 es dress-dresses, fixfixes, watch fwatches, finish ffinishes;

4、以 "辅音字母力口 y” 结尾的动词， 把 y 变为 i, 再 studyfstudies, carryfcarries, flyfflies )(2) 一般现在时的用法? 1.表示经常性或习惯性的动作或行为。常与 always, sometimes, often, usually, never等副词连用。e.g. I go to school every day except Saturdays and Sundays. My mother often gets up at 6 o 'clock.2 .表示现在的状态，能力，性机，个性。 e.g. My father tea

5、ches maths.Lin Yan dances well.3 .表示普遍真理或客观事实。e.g. The earth moves around the sun. The sun rises in the east.【注意】此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。如：Our physicsteacher said that light travels much faster than sound.我们的物理老师说光的传播速度比声音的传播速度快得 多，在时间、条件、比较等状语从句中，用现在时表示将来的动作，从句的谓语动词用一般现在时。如：I will e-mai

6、l you as soon as I get to Beijing.我一到北京就给你发邮件。If you come this afternoon, we will have a meeting.如果你今天下午能来，我们就开会。【例题精讲】例 1.Who is that lady?She' s Miss Green. She us music, and she is so good.A. taught B. teaches C. will teach D. is teaching例 2.I think I ' ll take a bus to the meeting.The bu

7、s? If you, you will be late.A. do B. have done C. will do例 3. Unless the weather, we will have to cancel the picnic.A. improve B. improves C. improved D. will improve例 4. We don' t know if our friend. If he, we' ll let you know.A. comes; comes B. comes; will come C. will come; comes例 5. Our

8、geography teacher told us that the earth the sun.A. went around B. goes around C. is going around D. was going around【课堂练习】1. Look! A dog a blind man across the road.A. leads B. lead C. is leading D. led2. They usually TV in the evening.A. watch B. will watch C. are watching D. watches3. He hardly u

9、p early .A. gets B. get C. doesn ' t get . Elon' t get4. John football.A. likes playing B. likes play C. like play5. Frank usually in touch with his primary school teachers by email.A. keep B. keeps C. kept D. will keep知识点二：一般过去时【知识梳理】(1) 一般过去时的基本结构和变化1 .定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。2 .结构：主语+动词的过去式”

10、3 .句型转化：be动词的过去时的句型如下：A.否定句：主语 + be动词的过去式(was, were) + notB.疑问句：be动词的过去式(was, were) +主语 ？a. He was busy yesterday.(肯定句)他昨天很忙。b. He was not busy yesterday.(否定句)他昨天不忙。c. Was he busy yesterday?(疑问句)他昨天忙吗？d. There weren't any boys in the room.房间里没有男孩儿。e.g. There weren't any boys in the room.房间里没

11、有男孩儿。Were there any boys in the room?房间里有男孩儿吗？行为动词的否定式和疑问式：A.否定式：行为动词前加上did not或缩略式didn '/把这个行为动词改为动词原形。a. I called Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.fI did not / didn 't call Lin Tao yesterday afternoon.b. I borrowed a book from Sun Yang last Sunday.B. 一般疑问式：若在陈述句中只有行为动词的过去式，那就得在句首加上一个助动词did来帮助提问

12、，然后把句中的行为动词由过去式改为动词原形，并在句末打上问号。回答时别忘了还用did。a. We stayed there for 10 days last month.fDid you stay there for 10 days last month? Yes, we did. / No, we didn 't.b. Mary had a delicious dinner yesterday evening.f Did Mary have a delicious dinner yesterday evening? Yes, she did. / No, we didn 't

13、.?(2)规则动词的变化过去式(规则变化)一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加-edowatchplant 一f watched» planted以不发音字母 e结尾的动词like 一liked在词尾加-domove -) moved以“辅首字母 + v "结尾的 动词，先变y为i,再在词尾 加-ed。study f studied carry f carried正读闭叶动词且河尾只有 一个辅音字母，先双写词尾 的辅音字母，再在词尾加-edostop f stopped shop f shopped过去式（be动词） （不规则变化）am / is 一 was are 一 do 一

14、did> were（3）不规则动词的过去式和过去分词 第一组AAA1. cost： cost： cost 2. cutcutcut3. hit hithit4. let letlet5. putputput6. setsetset7. read readread第二组ABC1. break broke broken 2. choose chose chosen 3. speak spokespoken4. stealstole stolen5. wake wokewoken 6. forget forgot forgotten7.taketook taken8.give gavegive

15、n9.hide hid hidden10. drive drove driven 11. write wrotewritten 12. rise rose risen13. ride roderidden14. eatateeaten第三组ABC1. know knew known 2. grow grewgrown 3. throw threw thrown4. fly flew flown 5. show showedshown 第四组ABB1. build built built_ 2. burn burnt burnt3. mean meant meant4. lend lenL le

16、nt5. send sent sent6. spend spent- spent第五组ABB1. keepkeptkept 2. sweepsweptswept3. sleepslept slept4. leaveleft left5. feel felt felt6. smell smeltsmelt7. lose lost lost8. learn - learntlearnt （learned learned）9. getgotgot10. dodid done11. gowent gone铲组ABB1. makemade made2. hear heardheard3. havehad

17、had4. bring brought brought5. find found found6.buy bought bought7. think thought thought 8. teach taughttaught 第七组ABB1. dig dugdug2. lead ledled3. hold held held4. meetmetmet 5. say- saidsaid6. paypaid paid7. win wonwon 8. sell sold sold 9. tell told told10. standstood stood11. understand understoo

18、d understood12. sitsatsat13. wear woreworn第八组ABC1. begin began begun2. swim swam swum 3. sing sang sung4. ring rangrung5. drink drankdrunk 6. come came come7. become became become 8. see sawseen9. runranrun11. lielaylain lying （躺）12. lieliedliedlying （说慌）13. lay laid laid（放）(4) 一般过去时的用法表示过去某一时刻或某一段时

19、间内所发生的动作或情况，常与明确的时间状语连用，如：yesterday, lastweek (month, year.), ago, just now, at the age of ，in 1980 等连用。如:At the age of ten, she began to learn to play the piano.十岁的时候，她开始学弹钢琴。表示过去经常发生或反复发生的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语连用。如：When I was a child, I often played football in the street.当我是个孩子的时候，我经常在街上踢足球。【例题精讲】例 1.Whe

20、re did you go last weekend?I to the Great Wall.A. go B. went C. will go D. have gone例 2. Last week Vivian a dress for her mother with her first-month salary.A. buy B. bought C. will buy D. would buy例 3. Oh no! I my book in the lab.A. leave B. left C. will leave D. was leaving例 4.Your coat fits you w

21、ell.Thank you. I it when I was on vacation.A. have bought B. buy C. bought例 5. My husband always me flowers every week before we got married, but now he never.A. sent; does B. sends; does C. was going to send; do D. sent; do【课堂练习】1. Did Billy and Anna find a way out at last?Yes, they a plan and did

22、it.A. were working out B. worked out C. are working out D. have worked out2. Yesterday the teacher told us the earth the sun.A. goes around B. went around C. is going around D. would go around3. Lucy has to London. How can I get in touch with her?Don't worry. She will phone you as soon as shethe

23、re.A. been; will get B. been; getsC. gone; will get D. gone; gets4. Oh, no! I can't find my mobile phone!Well, where you last put it.A. have B. do C. did |5. Have you ever climbed Mount Tai, Carol?Yes, I in Taian for a week last year and reached the top of it twice.A. had stayed B. stay C. staye

24、dD. have stayed知识点三一般将来时【知识梳理】(1) 一般将来时的结构will+动词原形，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。如：e.g. I will meet you at the school gate tomorrow. 明天早上我将在校门 口见你。be going to+动词原形表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，主语一般是人。如：e.g. I am going to be 15 next week.下周我就 15 岁了。will和be going to的区别be going to与will两者都可表示将要发生的事、将要去做某事，但它们有如下几点区别：A. be going to表

25、示近期、眼下就要发生的事情，will表示的将来时间则较远一些，如：e.g. He is going to write a letter tonight.He will write a book one day.B. be going to表示根据主观判断将来肯定发生的事情，will表示客观上将来势必发生的事情。e.g. He is seriously ill. He is going to die.C. be going to含有“计戈U,准备”的意思，而 will则没有这个意思，如：e.g. She is going to have a trip.He will be here in hal

26、f an hour.在有条件从句的主句中，一般不用be going to,而多用will,如：e.g. If any beasts come at you, I'll stay with you and help you.用法表示在将来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语如：tomorrow, soon, nextday (week, month, year.), in a few minutes, the day after tomorrow 等连用。 如：e.g. I will pay a visit to Shanghai next week.下周我将要去上

27、海旅行。当主句为一般将来时，在以 after, when, while, as soon as, if, unless等引导的时间或条件状语从句中，要用一般现在时表示将来。如：e.g. I will do it better if the teacher gives me another chance.如果老师再给我次机会，我会做得更好的。【例题精讲】例 1. Don' t away. Billyou look after your dog when you are away on business.A. helps B. will help C. helping D. helped例

28、 2. Just go down this road and you the library next to the bank.A. see B. saw C. have seen D. will see例 3. With the development of science and technology, robot cooks in our families in the future.A. appear B. appeared C. will appear D. were appearing例 4. Many scientists believe that robots able to

29、talk like humans in 50 years.A. were B. are C. will be D. have been例 5.Have you returned the book to the library yet?Not yet. Don w orry. I it soon.A. return B. returned C. have returnedD. will return【课堂练习】1. My mind wasn 't on what he was saying so I m afraid I half of it.A. missed B. was missi

30、ng C. will miss D. would miss2. We are glad to hear that the Greens to a new flat next week.A. moveB. movedC. will moveD. have moved3. Eric won ' t start the experiment until his teacher him how to do it.A. will showB. showC. showsD. showed4. If you come to the party, youa good time.A. would hav

31、eB. haveC. will haveD. to have5. Let' s enjoy the days with our classmates. We our junior high school in two months.A. will finishB. are finishingC. have finishedD. had finished课后作业1. - Is Jim in the office?-No, he to the dining hall.A. goes B. would go C. has gone D. had gone2. - I called you t

32、his morning, but nobody answered it.-Oh, wesome running in the park.A. are doingB. were doing C. have done D. did3. Her sonthe army for two months. She misses him very much.A. has joinedB. has been inC. joined D. was in4. The reporter said that the UFOeast to west when he saw it.A. travels B. travel

33、ed C. was travelingD. has traveled5. I'm waiting for my sister. I won't go to see my uncle untilA. she comes B. she will come C. she doesn't come6. - Do you know the Englishman?-Yes. Ihim for two years.A. get to knowB. have known C. knew D. got to know7. Imy homework; I guess I can't

34、 join you.A. don't finish B. didn't finish C. haven't finished D. won't finish8. Traveling to space is no longer just a dream. Russiathe first hotel in space in the near future.A. builds B. will build C. built D. has built9. We have been friends.A. last year B. one year agoC. since w

35、e met last year D. when we met last year10. - Do you know if Cindy will drive to Italy this weekend?-Cindy? Never! She driving.A. has hated B. hated C. will hate D. hates11. - I called you several times this morning, but you didn't answer.-Sorry. Itennis the whole morning.A. played B. is playing

36、 C. would play D. was playing12. Ia mistake. Please don't be angry with me.A. make B. madeC. will makeD. had made13. - I telephoned you yesterday afternoon but nobody answered.-Oh, Ia film at that time.A. seeB. sawC. is seeingD. was seeing14. - Is this your first time to Xinjiang?-No, I here sev

37、eral times.A. have gone B. haven't gone C. have been D. haven't been15. - We'll go for a picnic if itthis Sunday.-Wish you a lovely weekend.A. rainB. doesn't rainC. won't rain16. HeLuzhou for three months.A. has left B. has come toC. has gone to D. has been away from17. Imy homet

38、own for a long time. I really miss it!A. leftB. went away fromC. have left D. have been away from18. If you come to the party, youa good time.A. would have B. have C. will have D. to have19. Mr. Brownin this factory since he was twenty-four years old.A. works B. worked C. will work D. has worked20.

39、- Shush, be quiet! The babyin the next room.-Oh, sorry.A. sleeps B. sleptC. is sleeping D. was sleeping21. Hefor ten years.A. has been married B. marriedC. got marriedD. has married22. - Did you hear someone knocking at the doorjust now?-No,sir. Imusic.A. was listening to B. listened to C. am listen

40、ing toD. would listen to23. - What were you doing this time yesterday?-1 on the grass and drawing a picture.A. A. sitB. satC. am sittingD. was sitting24. - How was your trip to the ancient village?-Fantastic! Weto a natural museum of strange stones.A. go B. went C. are going D. will go25. - I hear M

41、r. Zhang has gone to Beijing for a meeting.-Really? Do you know when he?A. leaves B. was leavingC. has leftD. left26. - Lisa, I called you just now. Where were you?-Sorry, Ia shower.A. takeB. am takingC. was taking27. She the book two days ago.A. has borrowed; sinceB. has kept; sinceC. kept; for28.

42、- Where were you at 7:00 last night?-Ito my mom at home.A. writeB. wroteC. am writingD. was writing29. - I can't find Ted for three days. Where is he?-HeBeijing for a meeting.A. has been to B. has gone toC. have been toD. have gone to30. TheyEngland and they will be back next week.A. have gone t

43、o B. have been toC. have gone in D. has been on31. you to Nanhu Park a week ago?Yes. We had a good time there.A. Do; go B. Did; go C. Did; went32. I the book club last week and I two books already.A. join; read B. joined; readC. joined; have readD. join; has read33. Summer holiday is coming. What are you going to do?I ' m n