机械手臂外文原文

1、ManipulatorRobotdevelopedinrecentdecadesashigh-techautomatedproductionequipment.Industrialrobotisanimportantbranchofindustrialrobots.Itfeaturescanbeprogrammedtoperformtasksinavarietyofexpectations,inbothstructureandperformaneeadvantagesoftheirownpeopleandmachines,inparticular,reflectsthepeople's

2、intelligeneeandadaptability.Theaccuracyofrobotoperationsandavarietyofenvironmentstheabilitytocompletetheworkinthefieldofnationaleconomyandtherearebroadprospectsfordevelopment.Withthedevelopmentofindustrialautomation,therehasbeenCNCmachiningcenter,itisinreducinglaborintensity,whilegreatlyimprovedlabo

3、rproductivity.However,theupperandlowercommoninCNCmachiningprocessesmaterial,usuallystillusemanualortraditionalrelay-controlledsemi-automaticdevice.Theformertime-consumingandlaborintensive,inefficient;thelatterduetodesigncomplexity,requiremorerelays,wiringcomplexity,vulnerabilitytobodyvibrationinterf

4、erenee,whiletheexisteneeofpoorreliability,faultmoremaintenanceproblemsandotherissues.ProgrammableLogicControllerPLC-controlledrobotcontrolsystemformaterialsupanddownmovementissimple,circuitdesignisreasonable,withastronganti-jammingcapability,ensuringthesystem'sreliability,reducedmaintenancerate,

5、andimproveworkefficiency.Robottechnologyrelatedtomechanics,mechanics,electricalhydraulictechnology,automaticcontroltechnology,sensortechnologyandcomputertechnologyandotherfieldsofscienee,isacross-disciplinaryintegratedtechnology.First,anoverviewofindustrialmanipulatorRobotisakindofpositioningeontrol

6、canbeautomatedandcanbere-programmedtochangeinmulti-functionalmachine,whichhasmultipledegreesoffreedomcanbeusedtocarryanobjectinordertocompletetheworkindifferentenvironments.LowwagesinChina,plasticproductsindustry,althoughstillalabor-intensive,mechanicalhandusehasbecomeincreasinglypopular.Electronics

7、andautomotiveindustriesthatEuropeandtheUnitedStatesmultinationalcompaniesveryearlyintheirfactoriesinChina,theintroductionofautomatedproduction.Butnowthechangesarethosefoundinindustrial-intensiveSouthChina,EastChina'scoastalareas,localplasticprocessingplantshavealsoemergedinmechanicalwatchesbegan

8、tobecomeincreasinglyinterestedin,becausetheyhavetofaceahighturnoverrateofworkers,aswellasfortheworkerstopaywork-relatedinjuriesfeechallenges.WiththerapiddevelopmentofChina'sindustrialproduction,especiallythereformandopeningupaftertherapidincreaseinthedegreeofautomationtoachievetheworkpiecehandli

9、ng,steering,transmissionoroperationofbrazing,spraygun,wrenchesandothertoolsforprocessingandassemblyoperationssince,whichhasmoreandmoreattractedourattention.Robotistoimitatethemanualpartoftheaction,accordingtoagivenprogram,trackandrequirementsforautomaticcapture,handlingoroperationoftheautomaticmecha

10、nicaldevices.Productionofmechanicalhandcanincreasetheautomationlevelofproductionandlaborproductivity;canreducelaborintensity,ensuringproductquality,toachievesafeproduction;particularlyinthehigh-temperature,highpressure,lowtemperature,lowpressure,dust,explosive,toxicandradioactivegasessuchaspoorenvir

11、onmentcanreplacethenormalworkingpeople.Second,thecomposition,mechanicalhandRobotintheformofavarietyofforms,somerelativelysimple,somemorecomplicated,butthebasicformisthesameasthecompositionofthe,Usuallybytheimplementingagencies,transmissionsystems,controlsystemsandauxiliarydevicescomposed.1. Implemen

12、tingagenciesManipulatorexecutingagencybythehands,wrists,arms,pillars.Handsarecrawlinginstitutions,isusedtoclampandreleasetheworkpiece,andsimilartohumanfingers,tocompletethestaffingofsimilaractions.Wristandfingersandthearmconnectingthecomponentscanbeupanddown,left,androtarymovement.Asimplemechanicalh

13、andcannotwrist.Pillarsusedtosupportthearmcanalsobemademobileasneeded.2. TransmissionTheactuatortobeachievedbythetransmissionsystem.Sub-transmissionsystemcommonlyusedmanipulatormechanicaltransmission,hydraulictransmission,pneumaticandelectricpowertransmissionandotherdriveseveralforms.3. ControlSystem

14、Manipulatorcontrolsystem'smainroleistocontroltherobotaccordingtocertainprocedures,direction,position,speedofaction,asimplemechanicalhandisgenerallynotsetupadedicatedcontrolsystem,usingonlytripswitches,relays,controlvalvesandcircuitscanbeachieveddynamicdrivesystemcontrol,sothatimplementingagencie

15、saccordingtotherequirementsofaction.Actionwillhavetousecomplexprogrammablerobotcontroller,themicro-computercontrol.Three,mechanicalhandclassificationandcharacteristicsRobotsaregenerallydividedintothreecategories:thefirstisthegeneralmachinerydoesnotrequiremanualhand.Itisanindependentnotaffiliatedwith

16、aparticularhostdevice.Itcanbeprogrammedaccordingtotheneedsofthetasktocompletetheoperationoftheprovisions.Itischaracterizedwithordinarymechanicalperformanee,alsohasgeneralmachinery,memory,intelligeneeternarymachinery.Thesecondcategoryistheneedtomanuallydoit,calledtheoperationofaircraft.Itoriginatedin

17、theatom,militaryindustry,firstthroughtheoperationofmachinestocompleteaparticularjob,andlaterdevelopedtooperateusingradiosignalstocarryoutdetectingmachinessuchastheMoon.Usedinindustrialmanipulatoralsofallintothiscategory.Thethirdcategoryisdedicatedmanipulator,themainsubsidiaryoftheautomaticmachinesor

18、automaticlines,tosolvethemachineupanddowntheworkpiecematerialanddelivery.Thismechanicalhandinforeigncountriesknownasthe"MechanicalHand",whichisthehostofservices,fromthehost-driven;exceptionofafewoutsidetheworkingproceduresaregenerallyfixed,andthereforespecial.Mainfeatures:First,mechanicalh

19、and(theupperandlowermaterialrobot,assemblyrobot,handlingrobot,stackingrobot,helprobot,vacuumhandlingmachines,vacuumsuctioncrane,labor-savingspreader,pneumaticbalancer,etc.).Second,cantilevercranes(cantilevercrane,electricchainhoistcrane,airbalancethehanging,etc.)Third,rail-typetransportsystem(hangin

20、grail,lightrail,singlegirdercranes,double-beamcrane)Four,industrialmachinery,applicationofhandManipulatorinthemechanizationandautomationoftheproductionprocessdevelopedanewtypeofdevice.Inrecentyears,aselectronictechnology,especiallycomputerextensiveuseofrobotdevelopmentandproductionofhigh-techfieldsh

21、asbecomearapidlydevelopedanewtechnology,whichfurtherpromotedthedevelopmentofrobot,allowingrobottobetterachievedwiththecombinationofmechanizationandautomation.Althoughtherobotisnotasflexibleasstaff,butithastothecontinuousduplicationofworkandlabor,Idonotknowfatigue,notafraidofdanger,thepowersnatchweig

22、htcharacteristicswhencomparedwithmanuallarge,therefore,mechanicalhandhasbeenofgreatimportancetomanysectors,andincreasinglyhasbeenappliedwidely,forexample:(1) Machiningtheworkpieceloadingandunioading,especiallyintheautomaticlathe,combinationmachinetooluseismorecommon.(2) Intheassemblyoperationsarewid

23、elyusedintheelectronicsindustry,itcanbeusedtoassembleprintedcircuitboards,inthemachineryindustryItcanbeusedtoassemblepartsandcomponents.(3) Theworkingconditionsmaybepoor,monotonous,repetitiveeasytosub-fatigueworkingenvironmenttoreplacehumanlabor.(4) Maybeindangeroussituations,suchasmilitarygoodshand

24、ling,dangerousgoodsandhazardousmaterialsremovalandsoon.(5) Universeandoceandevelopment.(6) ,militaryengineeringandbiomedicalresearchandtesting.Applicationofrobotcanreplacethepeopleengagedinmonotonous、repetitiveorheavymanuallabor,themechanizationandautomationofproduction,insteadofpeopleinhazardousenv

25、ironmentsmanualoperation,improvingworkingconditionsandensurepersonalsafety.Thelate20thcentury,40,theUnitedStatesatomicenergyexperiments,thefirstuseofradioactivematerialhandlingrobot,humanrobotinasaferoomtomanipulatevariousoperationsandexperimentation.50yearslater,manipulatorandgraduallyextendedtoind

26、ustrialproductionsector,forthetemperatures,pollutedareas,andloadingandunioadingtotakeplacetheworkpiecematerial,butalsoasanauxiliarydeviceinautomaticmachinetools,machinetools,automaticproductionlinesandprocessingcenterapplications,thecompletionoftheupperandlowermaterial,orFromthelibrarytakeplaceknife

27、knifeandsoonaccordingtofixedproceduresforthereplacementoperation.Robotbodymainlybythehandandsportsinstitutions.Agencieswiththeuseofhandsandoperationofobjectsofdifferentoccasions,oftenthereareclamping、supportandadsorptiontypeofcare.Movementorgansaregenerallyhydraulicpneumatic、electricaldevicedrivers.Manipulatorcanbeachievedindependentlyretractable、rotationandliftingmovements,generally2to3degreesoffreedom.Robotsarewidelyusedi