生物化学简明教程第四章糖化学

1、生物化学简明教程第四章糖化学返回返回 醛糖：葡萄糖、半乳糖、（脱氧）核糖醛糖：葡萄糖、半乳糖、（脱氧）核糖 按功能基分按功能基分单糖单糖 酮糖：果糖酮糖：果糖 按碳原子数目分：丙糖、丁糖、戊糖、己糖按碳原子数目分：丙糖、丁糖、戊糖、己糖寡糖寡糖 如双糖（麦芽糖、乳糖、蔗糖）如双糖（麦芽糖、乳糖、蔗糖） 同多糖：淀粉、糖原、纤维素、右旋糖苷同多糖：淀粉、糖原、纤维素、右旋糖苷 多糖多糖 杂多糖：杂多糖： 透明质酸、透明质酸、 硫酸软骨素、肝素硫酸软骨素、肝素 （含（含N或或S） （含含N） （含含N和和S）（）（含含N和和S）OHCHOCH2OHHC甘油醛甘油醛（glycerose）核糖核糖（r

2、ibose）HOHCHOCCCCH2OHHOHHOHCHOCCCCCH2OHHOHOHHHOHHOHD-葡萄糖葡萄糖（D-glucose）二羟丙酮二羟丙酮（dihydroxyacetone）CH2OHCH2OHC=OCH2OHCCCCH2OHOHOHHOH核酮糖核酮糖（ribulose）CH2OHCCCCCH2OHOOHHHOHHOHD-果果糖糖（D-fructose） HOCH2OHCHOHOHCH2OHCHOHCHOCCH2OHHOHCHOCCH2OHHOHCHOCCH2OHHOHCHOCCH2OHHOHL-glyceraldehydeD-glyceraldehydeL-glycerald

3、ehydeD-glyceraldehyde O H O H C C H C OH HO C H HO C H H C OH H C OH HO C H H C OH HO C H CH2OH CH2OH D-glucose L-glucose CCOHHCHHOCOHHCOHHCH2OHD-glucoseOHCHHOCOHHCOHHCH2OHCH2OHCOD-fructose HOOHHOHHOHCH2OHHOHHHOOHHOHHOHCH2OHHHOH-D-glucose-D-glucose234561165432HCHOCOHCHHOCOHHCOHHCH2OH152346D-glucose

4、(linear form) CH2OHCOCHHOCOHHCOHHCH2OHHOH2COHCH2OHHOHHHHOO165432654321D-fructose (linear) -D-fructofuranoseHOOHHOHHOHCH2OHHOHOHHOHHOHCH2OHHOHH123546123456HOOHHOHHOHCH2OHHOOHHHOHHOHCH2OHHHHO123456123456 HOOHHOHHOHCH2OHHOHHOHHOHCH2OHHOHHHOOHOHHOHCH2OHHHHOHOHHOHCH2OHHOHHHOOHOHHOHCH2OHHOH1654312Amylose HOOHHOHHOHCH2OHHOHHOHHOHCH2OHHOHHHOOHOHHOHCH2HHHOHOHHOHCH2OHHOHHHOOHOHHOHCH2OHHOHO146HOHOHHOHCH2OHHHHOHOHHOHCH2OHHHO1OH3452Amylopectin HOOHHOHHOHCH2OHHOHHOHHOHCH2OHHOHHHOOHOHHOHCH2HHHOHOHHOHCH2OHHOHHHOOHOHHOHCH2OHHOHO146HOHOHHOHCH2OHHHHOHOHHOHCH2OHHHO1OH3452Glycogen Cellulose HOOHHOHHOHCH