2016年6月英语四级真题附详细答案(卷3)

1、2016年6月英语四级真题附详细答案（卷3）2016年6月英语四级真题第三套(文字版整理)PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowritealettertoexpressyourthankstooneofyourfriendswhohelpedyoumostwhenyouwereindifficulty.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)Section

2、ASignsbarringcell-phoneuseareafamiliarsighttoanyonewhohaseversatinahospitalwaitingroom.Butthe(26)popularityofelectronicmedicalrecordshasforcedhospital-baseddoctorstobecome(27)oncomputersthroughouttheday,anddesktops-whichkeepdoctorsfrombesides-are(28)givingwaytowirelessdevices.Asclericalloadsincrease

3、d,"somethinghadto(29),andthatwasalwaysfacetimewithpatients,"saysDr.BhaktiPatel,aformerchiefresidentintheUniversityofChicago'sinternal-medicineprogram.Infall2010,shehelped(30)apilotprojectinChicagotoseeiftheiPadcouldimproveworkingconditionsandpatientcare.Theexperimentwasso(31)thatallint

4、ernal-medicineprogramadoptedthesame(32)in2011.MedicalschoolsatYaleandStanfordnowhavepaperless,iPad-basedcurriculums."You'llwantaniPadjustsoyoucanwearthis"isthesloganforoneofthenewlabcoats(33)withlargepocketstoaccommodatetabletcomputers.AstudyoftheUniversityofChicagoiPadprojectfoundthat

5、patientsgottestsand(34)fasteriftheywerecaredforbyiPad-equippedresidents.Manypatientsalso(35)abetterunderstandingoftheillnessesthatlandedtheminthehospitalinthefirstplace.A.dependentB.designedC.fastD.flyingE.gainedF.giveG.growingH.launchI.policyJ.prospectK.ratherL.reliableM.signalN.successfulO.treatme

6、ntsSectionBAncientGreekWisdomInspiresGuidelinestoGoodLifeA Isitpossibletoenjoyapeacefullifeinaworldthatisincreasinglychallengedbythreatsanduncertaintiesfromwars,terrorism,economiccrisesandawidespreadoutbreakofinfectiousdiseases?Theanswerisyes,accordingtoanevbookThe10GoldenRules:AncientWisdomfromtheG

7、reekPhilosophersonLivingaGoodLife.Thebookisco-authoredbyLongIslandUniversity'sphilosophyprofessorMichaelSoupiosandeconomicsprofessorPanosMourdoukoutas.B ThewisdomoftheancientGreekphilosophersistimeless,saysSoupios.Thephilosophyprofessorsaysitisasrelevanttodayaswhenitwasfirstwrittenmany centuries

8、 ago. "There is no expiration（失效）date on wisdom," he says "Thereisnoshelflifeonintelligence.Ithinkthatthingshavebecomeverygloomytheseday,lotsofmisunderstanding,misleadingcues,alotofwhattheancientswouldhavecalledsophistry（诡辩）.ThenicethingaboutancientphilosophyasofferedbytheGreeksisthat

9、theytendedtoseelifeclearandwhole,inawaythatwetendnottoseelifetoday."ExamineyourlifeC Soupies,alongwithhisco-authorPanosMourdoukoutas,developedtheir10goldenrulesbyturningtothemenbehindthatphilosophy-Aristotle,Socrates,EpictetusandPythagoras,amongothers.Thefirstrule-examineyourlife-isthecommonthr

10、eadthatrunsthroughtheentirebook.SoupiossaysthatitisbasedonPlato'sobservationthattheunexaminedlifeisnotworthliving."TheGreekarealwaysconcernedaboutboxingthemselvesin,intermsofconvictions（信念）,"hesays."Sotakeastepback,switchofftheautomaticpilotandactuallystopandreflectaboutthingslike

11、ourpriorities,ourvalues,andourrelationships."Stopworryingaboutwhatyoucannotcontrolpromoted this idea wasD Aswebegintoexamineourlife,Soupiossays,wecometoRuleNo.2:Worryonlyaboutthingsthatyoucancontrol."TheindividualwhoaStoicphilosopherHisnameisEpictetus,"hesays."AndwhattheStoicssay

12、ingeneralissimplythis.Thereisalargerplaninlife.Youarenotreallygoingtobeabletounderstandallofthedimerisionsofthisplan.Youarenotgoingtobeabletocontrolthedimensionsofthisplan."intellectual"I can notESo,Soupiosexplains,itisnotworthittowasteourphysical,andspiritualenergyworryingaboutthingsthata

13、rebeyondourcontrol.controlwhetherornotIwindupgettingthediseaseswineflu,forexample."Hesays."Imean,therearesomecautioussteps.Icantake,butultimatelyIcannotguaranteemyselfthat.SowhatEpictetuswouldsayissittingathomeworryingaboutYou should live your lifethatwouldbewrongandwasterfulandirrational.

14、attemptingtoidentifyandcontrolthosethingswhichyoucangenuinelycontrol."SeektruepleasureFTohaveameaningful,happylifeweneedfriends.ButaccordingtoAristotle-a student of Plato and teacher don't qualify as true friendships. "Justan individualthat thisindividualsand I can profit from person i

15、s my friend." share the same soul. Itthatof Alexander the Great-most relationships because I have a business relationship with relationship, it does not necessarily meaSoupios says. "Real friendship is when twois a beautiful and uncharacteristicallypocticimagethatAristotleoffers."GIno

16、urpursuitofthegoodlife,hesays,itisimportanttoseekouttruepleasures-advicewhichwasoriginallyofferedbyEpicurus.ButunlikethemoderndefinitionofEpicureanismasalifeofindulgence（放纵）andluxury,fortheancientGreeks,itmeantfindingastateofcalm,peaceandmentalcase.H"Thiswasthehighestandmostdesirableformofpleas

17、ureandhappinessfortheancientEpicureans."Soupiossays."Thisissomethingthatisverymuchwellworthconsideringhereinthemodernera.Idonotthinkthatwespendnearlyenoughtimetryingtoconcentrateonachievingasortofcalmness,asortofcontentmentinmentalandspiritual,whichwasidentifiedbythesepeopleasthegighestfor

18、mofhappinessandpleasure."DogoodtoothersIOthergoldenrulescounselustomasterourselves,toavoidexcessandnottobeaprosperous（发迹的）fool.Therearealsorulesdealingwithinterpersonalrelationships.Bearesponsiblehumanbeinganddonotdoevilthingstoothers.J"ThisisHesiod,ofcourse,ayoungercontemporarypoet,webeli

19、eve,withHomer,"Soupiossays."Hesiodoffersanidea-whichyouveryoftenfindinsomeoftheword'sgreatreligions,intheJudeo-ChristiantraditionandinIslamanothers-thatinsomesense,whenyouhurtanotherhumanbeing,youhurtyourself.Thatdamagingotherpeopleinyourcommunityandinyourlife,trashingrelationships,res

20、ults in a kind of self-inflicted（自己招致的）spiritual wound."KInstead,Soupiossays,ancientwisdomurgesustodogood.GoldenRuleNo.10foragoodlifeisthatkindnesstowardotherstendstoberewarded.L"ThisisAesop,thefabulist（寓言家）,themanofthesecharminglittletales,oftentoldintermsofanimalsandanimalrelationships.&

21、quot;Hesays."IthinkwhatAesopwassuggestingisthatwhenyouofferagoodturntoanotherhumanbeing.Onecanhopethatthatgooddeedwillcomebackandsortofpayaprofittoyou,thedoerofthegooddeed.Evenifthereisnoconcretebenefitpaidinresponsetoyougooddeed.Attheveryleast,thedoerofthegooddeedhastheopportunitytoenjoyakindo

22、fspirituallyenlightenedmoment."MSoupiossayfollowingthe10GoldenRulesbasedonancientwisdomcanguideustothepathofthegoodlifewherewestoplivingasonlookersandbecomeengagedandhappierhumanbeings.Andthat,henotes,isalifeworthliving.36 .AccordingtoanancientGreekphilosopher,itisimpossibleforustounderstandeve

23、ryaspectofourlife.37 .AncientPhilosopherssawlifeinadifferentlightfrompeopleoftoday.38 .Notallyourbusinesspartnersareyoursoulmates.49 .Wecanliveapeacefullifedespitethevariouschallengesofthemodernworld.50 .Thedoerofagooddeedcanfeelspirituallyrewardedevenwhentheygainnoconcretebenefits.51 .Howtoachievem

24、eatalcalmnessandcontentmentiswellworthourconsiderationtoday.52 .MichaelSoupiossuggeststhatweshouldstopandthinkcarefullyaboutourprioritiesinlife.53 .Ancientphilosophersstronglyadvisethatwedogood.54 .ThewiseteachingsofancientGreekthinkersaretimeless,andareapplicabletocontemporarylife.55 .Doharmtoother

25、sandyoudoharmtoyourself.SectionCPassageOneAttitudestowardnewtechnologiesoftenalonggenerationallines.Thatis,generally,youngerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalshift.Itisnotalwaysthecase,though.Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars,theredoesn'tseemtobeacleargenerati

26、onaldivide.Thepublicoverallissplitonwhetherthey'dliketouseadriverlesscar.Inastudylastyear,ofallpeoplesurveyed,48percentsaidtheywantedtorideinone,while50percentdidnot.Thefacethatattitudestowardself-drivingcarsappeartobesosteadyacrossgenerationssuggestshowtransformativetheshifttodriverlesscarscoul

27、dbe.Noteveryonewantsadriverlesscarnow-andnoonecangetoneyet-butamongthosewhoareopentothem,everyagegroupissimilarlyengaged.Actually, Whereas older reluctant to driverless cars age groups inthis isn't generations adopt new promise real particular.surprising.are sometime technologies, value to these

28、 Older adults,especiallythosewithlimitedmobilityordifficultydrivingontheirown,areoneoftheclassicuseeasesfordriverlesscars.Thisisespeciallyinterestingwhenyouconsiderthatyoungerpeoplearegenerallymore interestedintravel-relatedtechnologiesthanolderones.Whenitcomestodriverlesscars,differencesinattitudea

29、remorepronouncedbasedonfactorsnotrelatedtoage.Collegegraduates,forexample,areparticularlyinterestedindriverlesscarscomparedwiththosewhohavelesseducation,59percentofcollegegraduatessaidtheywouldliketouseadriverlesscarcomparedwith38percentofthosewithahigh-schooldiplomaorless.Whereapersonlivesmatters,t

30、oo.Morepeoplewholivesincitiesandsuburbssaidtheywantedtotrydriverlesscarsthanthosewholivedinruralareas.Whilethere'sreasontobelievethatinterestinself-drivingcarsisgoingupacrosstheboard,aperson'sagewillhavelittletodowithhowself-drivingcarscanbebecomingmainstream.Oncedriverlesscaresareactuallyav

31、ailableforsafe,theearlyadopterswillbethepeoplewhocanaffordtobuythem.46 .Whathappenswhenanewtechnologyemerges?A.Itfurtherwidensthegapbetweentheoldandtheyoung.B.Itoftenleadstoinnovationsinotherrelatedfields.reactions fromC.Itcontributegreatlytotheadvanceofsocietyasawhole.say about thea generationalred

32、uce roadD.Itusuallydrawsdifferentdifferentagegroups.47 .Whatdoestheauthordriverlesscar?A.Itdoesnotseemtocreatenecessarilya revolutionin the cardivide.B.Itwillnotaccidents.C.Itmaystartindustry.D.Ithasgivenrisetounrealisticexpectations.48 .Whydoesthedriverlesscarappealtosomeoldpeople?A.Itsavestheirene

33、rgy.B.Ithelpswiththeirmobility.C.Itaddstothesafetyoftheirtravel.D.Itstirsuptheirinterestinlife.49 .Whatislikelytoaffectone'sattitudetowardthedriverlesscar?A.Thelocationoftheirresidence.B.TheamountoftheirspecialinterestC.Theamountoftrainingtheyreceived.D.Thelengthoftheirdrivingexperience.50 .Whoa

34、relikelytobethefirsttobuythedriverlesscar?A.Thesenior.B.Theeducated.C.TheweaIthy.D.Thetechfans.PassageTwoInagrarian(农业的工pre-industrialEurope,"you'dwanttowakeupearly,startworkingwiththesunrise,haveabreaktohavethelargestmeal,andthenyou'dgobacktowork,"saysKenAlbala,aprofessorofhistory

35、attheUniversityofthePacific,"Later,at5or6,you'dhaveasmallersupper."Thiscomfortablecycle,inwhichtherhythmsofthedayhelpedshapetherhythmsofthemeals,gaverisetothecustomofthelargemiddaymeal,eatenwiththeextendedfamily,"Mealarethefoundationofthefamily,'saysCaroleCouniban.aprofessorat

36、MillersvilleUniversityinPeensylvania,"sotherewasaveryimportantinterconnectionbetweeneatingtogether"andstrength-eatingfamilyties.Sinceindustrialization,maintainingsuchaslowculturalmetabolismhasbeenmuchharder.Withthelongmiddaymeashrinkingtowhatevercouldbestuffedintoalunchbucketorboughtatafoo

37、dstand.Certainly,therewerebenefits.Moderntechniquesforproducingandshippingfoodledtogreatervarietyandquantity,includingatremendous,increaseintheamountofanimalproteinanddairyproductsavailable,makingusmorevigorousthanourancestors.Yetplentyhasbeenlosttoo,eveninculturesthatstilllivetoeat.TakeItaly.It'

38、;snosecretthattheMediterraneandietishealthy,butitwasalsoajoytoprepareandcat.Italians,saysCounihan,traditionallybeganthedaywithasmallmeal.Thebigmealcameataround1p.m.Inbetweenthemiddaymealandalate,smallerdinnercameasmallsnack.Today,whentimezoneshavelessandlessmeaning,thereislittletoleranceforoffices&#

39、39;closingforlunch,andworseningtrafficincitiesmeanworkerscan'tmakeithomeandbackfastenoughanyway.Sotheformerlysmallsupperaftersundownbecomesthebigmealoftheday.theonlyoneatwhichthefamilyhasachancetogettogether."Theeveningmealcarriesthefullburdenthatusedtobespreadovertwomeals"saysCounihan

40、.51 .Whatdowelearnfromthepassageaboutpeopleinpre-industrialEurope?A.Theyhadtoworkfromearlymorningtilllateatnight.B.Theyweresobusyworkingthattheyonlyatesimplemeals.C.Theirdailyroutinefollowedtherhythmofthenaturalcycle.D.Theirlifewasmuchmorecomfortablethanthatoftoday.52 .WhatdoesProfessorCaroleCouniha

41、nsayabout.pre-industrialEuropeanfamilieseatingmealstogether?A.Itwashelpfultomaintaininganation'stradition.B.Itbroughtfamilymemberscloserstoeachother.C.Itwascharacteristicoftheagrarianculture.D.Itenabledfamiliestosavealotofmoney.53.Whatdoes"culturalmetabolism"(Line1,Para.3)referto?A.Evo

42、lutionaryadaptation.B.Changesinlifestyle.C.Socialprogress.D.Paceoflife.54 .Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthefoodpeopleeattoday?A.Itsqualityisusuallyguaranteed.B.Itisvaried,abundantandnutritious.C.Itismorecostlythanwhatourancestorsate.D.Itsproductiondependstoomuchontechnology.55 .WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutI

43、taliansoftheolddays.A.Theyenjoyedcookingaswellaseating.B.Theyateabigdinnerlateintheevening.C.Theyatethreemealsregularlyeveryday.D.Theywereexpertatcookingmeals.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestotranslateapassagefromChineseintoEnglish。Youshouldwriteyouransweron

44、theANSWERSHEET2乌镇是浙江的一座古老水镇，坐落在京杭大运河畔。这是一处迷人的地方，有许多古桥、中式旅店和餐馆。在过去的一千年里，乌镇的水系和生活方式并未经历多少变化，是一座展现古文明的博物馆。乌镇所有房屋都用石木建造。数百年来，当地人沿着河边建起了住宅和集市。无数宽敞美丽的庭院藏身于屋舍之间，游客们每到一处都会有惊喜的发现。参考答案参考范文：DearMary)Iwouldliketotakethisopportunitytoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetoyouforyourhelpwhenlwasindifficulty。YouhavebeenverykindandhelpfulsincewekneweachotheroLastweek,Icaughtabadcoldandhadtostayathomeforaweek。WhenIwasworryingaboutthelessons)youcametomyhomeafterschoolandhelpedmewitheverysubjectoWithyourhelp)Ididn'tfallbehindothers。Again)