联合国宪章英文版

1、CharteroftheUnitedNationsJune26,1945WETHEPEOPLESOFTHEUNITEDNATIONSDETERMINEDtosavesucceedinggenerationsfromthescourgeofwar,whichtwiceinourlifetimehasbroughtuntoldsorrowtomankind,andtoreaffirmfaithinfundamentalhumanrights,inthedignityandworthofthehumanperson,intheequalrightsofmenandwomenandofnationsl

2、argeandsmall,andtoestablishconditionsunderwhichjusticeandrespectfortheobligationsarisingfromtreatiesandothersourcesofinternationallawcanbemaintained,andtopromotesocialprogressandbetterstandardsoflifeinlargerfreedom,ANDFORTHESEENDStopracticetoleranceandlivetogetherinpeacewithoneanotherasgoodneighbour

3、s,andtouniteourstrengthtomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurity,andtoensure,bytheacceptanceofprinciplesandtheinstitutionofmethods,thatarmedforceshallnotbeused,saveinthecommoninterest,andtoemployinternationalmachineryforthepromotionoftheeconomicandsocialadvancementofallpeoples,HAVERESOLEDTOCOMBINEOURE

4、FFORTSTOACCOMPLISHTHESEAIMSAccordingly,ourrespectiveGovernments,throughrepresentativesassembledinthecityofSanFrancisco,whohaveexhibitedtheirfullpowersfoundtobeingoodanddueform,haveagreedtothepresentCharteroftheUnitedNationsanddoherebyestablishaninternationalorganizationtobeknownastheUnitedNations.CH

5、APTERIPURPOSESANDPRINCIPLESArticle 1ThePurposesoftheUnitedNationsare:1. Tomaintaininternationalpeaceandsecurity,andtothatend:totakeeffectivecollectivemeasuresforthepreventionandremovalofthreatstothepeace,andforthesuppressionofactsofaggressionorotherbreachesofthepeace,andtobringaboutbypeacefulmeans,a

6、ndinconformitywiththeprinciplesofjusticeandinternationallaw,adjustmentorsettlementofinternationaldisputesorsituationswhichmightleadtoabreachofthepeace;2. Todevelopfriendlyrelationsamongnationsbasedonrespectfortheprincipleofequalrightsandself-determinationofpeoples,andtotakeotherappropriatemeasuresto

7、strengthenuniversalpeace;3. Toachieveinternationalco-operationinsolvinginternationalproblemsofaneconomic,social,cultural,orhumanitariancharacter,andinpromotingandencouragingrespectforhumanrightsandforfundamentalfreedomsforallwithoutdistinctionastorace,sex,language,orreligion;and4. Tobeacentreforharm

8、onizingtheactionsofnationsintheattainmentofthesecommonends.Article 2TheOrganizationanditsMembers,inpursuitofthePurposesstatedinArticle1,shallactinaccordancewiththefollowingPrinciples.1. TheOrganizationisbasedontheprincipleofthesovereignequalityofallitsMembers.2. AllMembers,inordertoensuretoallofthem

9、therightsandbenefitsresultingfrommembership,shallfulfillingoodfaiththeobligationsassumedbytheminaccordancewiththepresentCharter.3. AllMembersshallsettletheirinternationaldisputesbypeacefulmeansinsuchamannerthatinternationalpeaceandsecurity,and.justice,arenotendangered.4. AllMembersshallrefraininthei

10、rinternationalrelationsfromthethreatoruseofforceagainsttheterritorialintegrityorpoliticalindependenceofanystate,orinanyothermannerinconsistentwiththePurposesoftheUnitedNations.5. AllMembersshallgivetheUnitedNationseveryassistanceinanyactionittakesinaccordancewiththepresentCharter,andshallrefrainfrom

11、givingassistancetoanystateagainstwhichtheUnitedNationsistakingpreventiveorenforcementaction.6. TheOrganizationshallensurethatstateswhicharenotMembersoftheUnitedNationsactinaccordancewiththesePrinciplessofarasmaybenecessaryforthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity.7. Nothingcontainedintheprese

12、ntChartershallauthorizetheUnitedNationstointerveneinmatterswhichareessentiallywithinthedomesticjurisdictionofanystateorshallrequiretheMemberstosubmitsuchmatterstosettlementunderthepresentCharter;butthisprincipleshallnotprejudicetheapplicationofenforcementmeasuresunderChapterVII.CHAPTER IIMEMBERSHIPA

13、rticle 3TheoriginalMembersoftheUnitedNationsshallbethestateswhich,havingparticipatedintheUnitedNationsConferenceonInternationalOrganizationatSanFrancisco,orhavingpreviouslysignedtheDeclarationbyUnitedNationsof1January1942,signthepresentCharterandratifyitinaccordancewithArticle110.Article 41. Members

14、hipintheUnitedNationsisopentoaotherpeace-lovingstateswhichaccepttheobligationscontainedinthepresentCharterand,inthejudgmentoftheOrganization,areableandwillingtocarryouttheseobligations.2. TheadmissionofanysuchstatetomembershipintheNationswillbeeffectedbyadecisionoftheGeneralAssemblyupontherecommenda

15、tionoftheSecurityCouncil.Article 5AMemberoftheUnitedNationsagainstwhichpreventiveorenforcementactionhasbeentakenbytheSecurityCouncilmaybesuspendedfromtheexerciseoftherightsandprivilegesofmembershipbytheGeneralAssemblyupontherecommendationoftheSecurityCouncil.Theexerciseoftheserightsandprivilegesmayb

16、erestoredbytheSecurityCouncil.Article 6AMemberoftheUnitedNationswhichhaspersistentlyviolatedthePrinciplescontainedinthepresentChartermaybeexpelledfromtheOrganizationbytheGeneralAssemblyupontherecommendationoftheSecurityCouncil.CHAPTERIIIORGANSArticle71. ThereareestablishedastheprincipalorgansoftheUn

17、itedNations:aGeneralAssembly,aSecurityCouncil,anEconomicandSocialCouncil,aTrusteeshipCouncil,anInternationalCourtofJustice,andaSecretariat.2. SuchsubsidiaryorgansasmaybefoundnecessarymaybeestablishedinaccordancewiththepresentCharter.Article 8TheUnitedNationsshallplacenorestrictionsontheeligibilityof

18、menandwomentoparticipateinanycapacityandunderconditionsofequalityinitsprincipalandsubsidiaryorgans.CHAPTERIVTHEGENERALASSEMBLYCompositionArticle 91. TheGeneralAssemblyshallconsistofalltheMembersoftheUnitedNations.2. EachMembershallhavenotmorethanfiverepresentativesintheGeneralAssembly.FunctionsandPo

19、wersArticle 10TheGeneralAssemblymaydiscussanyquestionsoranymatterswithinthescopeofthepresentCharterorrelatingtothepowersandfunctionsofanyorgansprovidedforinthepresentCharter,and,exceptasprovidedinArticle12,maymakerecommendationstotheMembersoftheUnitedNationsortotheSecurityCouncilortobothonanysuchque

20、stionsormatters.Article 111. TheGeneralAssemblymayconsiderthegeneralprinciplesofco-operationinthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,includingtheprinciplesgoverningdisarmamentandtheregulationofarmaments,andmaymakerecommendationswithregardtosuchprinciplestotheMembersortotheSecurityCouncilortob

21、oth.2. TheGeneralAssemblymaydiscussanyquestionsrelatingtothemaintenanceofinter-nationalpeaceandsecuritybroughtbeforeitbyanyMemberoftheUnitedNations,orbytheSecurityCouncil,orbyastatewhichisnotaMemberoftheUnitedNationsinaccordancewithArticle35,paragraph2,and,exceptasprovidedinArticle12,maymakerecommen

22、dationswithregardtoanysuchquestionstothestateorstatesconcernedortotheSecurityCouncilortoboth.AnysuchquestiononwhichactionisnecessaryshallbereferredtotheSecurityCouncilbytheGeneralAssemblyeitherbeforeorafterdiscussion.3. TheGeneralAssemblymaycalltheattentionoftheSecurityCounciltosituationswhicharelik

23、elytoendangerinternationalpeaceandsecurity.4. ThepowersoftheGeneralAssemblysetforthinthisArticleshallnotlimitthegeneralscopeofArticle10.Article 121. WhiletheSecurityCouncilisexercisinginrespectofanydisputeorsituationthefunctionsassignedtoitinthepresentCharter,theGeneralAssemblyshallnotmakeanyrecomme

24、ndationwithregardtothatdisputeorsituationunlesstheSecurityCouncilsorequests.2. TheSecretary-General,withtheconsentoftheSecurityCouncil,shallnotifytheGeneralAssemblyateachsessionofanymattersrelativetothemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecuritywhicharebeingdealtwithbytheSecurityCouncilandsimilarlyno

25、tifytheGeneralAssembly,ortheMembersoftheUnitedNationsiftheGeneralAssemblyisnotinsession,immediatelytheSecurityCouncilceasestodealwithsuchmatters.Article 131. TheGeneralAssemblyshallinitiatestudiesandmakerecommendationsforthepurposeof:a. promotinginternationalco-operationinthepoliticalfieldandencoura

26、gingtheprogressivedevelopmentofinternationallawanditscodification;b. promotinginternationalco-operationintheeconomic,social,cultural,educational,andhealthfields,anassistingintherealizationofhumanrightsandfundamentalfreedomsforallwithoutdistinctionastorace,sex,language,orreligion.2. Thefurtherrespons

27、ibilities,functionsandpowersoftheGeneralwithrespecttomattersmentionedinparagraph)abovearesetforthinChaptersIXandX.Article 14SubjecttotheprovisionsofArticle12,theGeneralAssemblymayrecommendmeasuresforthepeacefuladjustmentofanysituation,regardlessoforigin,whichitdeemslikelytoimpairthegeneralwelfareorf

28、riendlyrelationsamongnations,includingsituationsresultingfromaviolationoftheprovisionsofthepresentChartersettingforththePurposesandPrinciplesoftheUnitedNations.Article 151. TheGeneralAssemblyshallreceiveandconsiderannualandspecialreportsfromtheSecurityCouncil;thesereportsshallincludeanaccountoftheme

29、asuresthattheSecurityCouncilhasdecideduponortakentomain-taininternationalpeaceandsecurity.2. TheGeneralAssemblyshallreceiveandconsiderreportsfromtheotherorgansoftheUnitedNations.Article 16TheGeneralAssemblyshallperformsuchfunctionswithrespecttotheinternationaltrusteeshipsystemasareassignedtoitunderC

30、haptersXIIandXIII,includingtheapprovalofthetrusteeshipagreementsforareasnotdesignatedasstrategic.Article 171. TheGeneralAssemblyshallconsiderandapprovethebudgetoftheOrganization.2. TheexpensesoftheOrganizationshallbebornebytheMembersasapportionedbytheGeneralAssembly.3. TheAssemblyshallconsiderandapp

31、roveanyfinancialandbudgetaryarrangementswithspecializeagenciesreferredtoinArticle57andshallexaminetheadministrativebudgetsofsuchspecializedagencieswithaviewtomakingrecommendationstotheagenciesconcerned.VotingArticle 181. EachmemberoftheGeneralAssemblyshallhaveonevote.2. DecisionsoftheGeneralAssembly

32、onimportantquestionsshallbemadebyatwo-thirdsmajorityofthememberspresentandvoting.Thesequestionsshallinclude:recommendationswithrespecttothemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,theelectionofthenon-permanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncil,theelectionofthemembersoftheEconomicandSocialCouncil,theelect

33、ionofmembersoftheTrusteeshipCouncilinaccordancewithparagraph1ofArticle86,theadmissionofnewMemberstotheUnitedNations,thesuspensionoftherightsandprivilegesofmembership,theexpulsionofMembers,questionsrelatingtotheoperationofthetrusteeshipsystem,andbudgetaryquestions.3. Decisionsonotherquestions,includi

34、ngthedeterminationofadditionalcategoriesofquestionstobedecidedbyatwo-thirdsmajority,shallbemadebyamajorityofthememberspresentandvoting.Article 19AMemberoftheUnitedNationswhichisinarrearsinthepaymentofitsfinancialcontributionstotheOrganizationshallhavenovoteintheGeneralAssemblyiftheamountofitsarrears

35、equalsorexceedstheamountofthecontributionsduefromitfortheprecedingtwofullyears.TheGeneralAssemblymay,nevertheless,permitsuchaMembertovoteifitissatisfiedthatthefailuretopayisduetoconditionsbeyondtheoftheMember.ProcedureArticle 20TheGeneralAssemblyshallmeetinregularannualsessionsandinsuchspecialsessio

36、nsasoccasionmayrequire.SpecialsessionsshallbeconvokedbytheSecretary-GeneralattherequestoftheSecurityCouncilorofamajorityoftheMembersoftheUnitedNations.Article 21TheGeneralAssemblyshalladoptitsownrulesofprocedure.ItshallelectitsPresidentforeachsession.Article 22TheGeneralAssemblymayestablishsuchsubsi

37、diaryorgansasitdeemsnecessaryfortheperformanceofitsfunctions.CHAPTERVTHESECURITYCOUNCILCompositionArticle 231. TheSecurityCouncilshallconsistoffifteenMembersoftheUnitedNations.TheRepublicofChina,France,theUnionofSovietSocialist,theUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland,andtheUnitedStatesofAme

38、ricashallbepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncil.TheGeneralAssemblyshallelecttenotherMembersoftheUnitedNationstobenon-permanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncil,dueregardbeingspeciallypaid,inthefirstin-stancetothecontributionofMembersoftheUnitedNationstothemaintenanceofinter-nationalpeaceandsecurityandtoth

39、eotherpurposesoftheOrganization,andalsotoequitablegeographicaldistribution.2. Thenon-permanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncilshallbeelectedforatermoftwoyears.Inthefirstelectionofthenon-permanentmembersaftertheincreaseofthemembershipoftheSecurityCouncilfromeleventofifteen,twoofthefouradditionalmemberssha

40、llbechosenforatermofoneyear.Aretiringmembershallnotbeeligibleforimmediatere-election.3. EachmemberoftheSecurityCouncilshallhaveonerepresentative.FunctionsandPowersArticle 241. InordertoensurepromptandeffectiveactionbytheUnitedNations,itsMembersconferontheSecurityCouncilprimaryresponsibilityforthemai

41、ntenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,andagreethatincarryingoutitsdutiesunderthisresponsibilitytheSecurityCouncilactsontheirbehalf.2. IndischargingthesedutiestheSecurityCouncilshallactinaccordancewiththePurposesandPrinciplesoftheUnitedNations.ThespecificpowersgrantedtotheSecurityCouncilforthedisch

42、argeofthesedutiesarelaiddowninChaptersVI,VII,VIII,andXII.3. TheSecurityCouncilshallsubmitannualand,whennecessary,specialreportstotheGeneralAssemblyforitsconsideration.Article 25TheMembersoftheUnitedNationsagreetoacceptandcarryoutthedecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilinaccordancewiththepresentCharter.Artic

43、le 26Inordertopromotetheestablishmentandmaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecuritywiththeleastdiversionforarmamentsoftheworldshumanandeconomicresources,theSecurityCouncilshallberesponsibleforformulating,withtheassistanceoftheMilitaryStaffCommitteereferredtoinArticle47,planstobesubmittedtotheMemberso

44、ftheUnited-Nationsfortheestablishmentofasystemfortheregulationofarmaments.VotingArticle 271. EachmemberoftheSecurityCouncilshallhaveonevote.2. DecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilonproceduralmattersshallbemadebyanaffirmativevoteofninemembers.3. DecisionsoftheSecurityCouncilonallothermattersshallbemadebyana

45、ffirmativevoteofninemembersincludingtheconcurringvotesofthepermanentmembers;providedthat,indecisionsunderChapterVI,andunderparagraph3ofArticle52,apartytoadisputeshallabstainfromvoting.ProcedureArticle 281. TheSecurityCouncilshallbesoorganizedastobeabletofunctioncontinuously.EachmemberoftheSecurityCo

46、uncilshallforthispurposeberepresentedattimesattheseatoftheOrganization.2. TheSecurityCouncilshallholdmeetingsatwhicheachofitsmembersmay,ifitsodesires,berepresentedbyamemberofthegovernmentorbysomeotherspeciallydesignatedrepresentative.3. TheSecurityCouncilmayholdmeetingsatsuchplacesotherthantheseatof

47、theOrganizationasinitsjudgmentwillbestfacilitateitswork.Article 29TheSecurityCouncilmayestablishsuchsubsidiaryorgansasitdeemsnecessaryfortheperformanceofitsfunctions.Article 30TheSecurityCouncilshalladoptitsownrulesofprocedure,includingthemethodofselectingitsPresident.Article 31AnyMemberoftheUnitedN

48、ationswhichisnotamemberoftheSecurityCouncilmayparticipate,withoutvote,inthediscussionofanyquestionbroughtbeforetheSecurityCouncilwheneverthelatterconsidersthattheinterestsofthatMemberarespeciallyaffected.Article 32AnyMemberoftheUnitedNationswhichisnotamemberoftheSecurityCounciloranystatewhichisnotaM

49、emberoftheUnitedNations,ifitisapartytoadisputeunderconsiderationbytheSecurityCouncil,shallbeinvitedtoparticipate,withoutvote,inthediscussionrelatingtothedispute.TheSecurityCouncilshallanydownsuchconditionsasitdeemsjustfortheparticipationofastatewhichisnotaMemberoftheUnitedNations.CHAPTERVIPACIFICSET

50、TLEMENTOFDISPUTESArticle 331. Thepartiestoanydispute,thecontinuanceofwhichislikelytoendangerthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,shall,firstofa,seekasolutionbynegotiation,enquiry,mediation,conciliation,arbitration,judicialsettlement,resorttoregionalagenciesorarrangements,orotherpeacefulmean

51、softheirownchoice.2. TheSecurityCouncilshall,whenitdeemsnecessary,calluponthepartiestosettletheirdisputebysuchmeans.Article 34TheSecurityCouncilmayinvestigateanydispute,oranysituationwhichmightleadtointernationalfrictionorgiverisetoadispute,inordertodeterminewhetherthecontinuanceofthedisputeorsituat

52、ionislikelytoendangerthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity.Article 351. AnyMemberoftheUnitedNationsmaybringanydispute,oranysituationofthenaturereferredtoinArticle34,totheattentionoftheSecurityCounciloroftheGeneralAssembly.2. AstatewhichisnotaMemberoftheUnitedNationsmaybringtotheattentionofth

53、eSecurityCounciloroftheGeneralAssemblyanydisputetowhichitisapartyifitacceptsinadvance,forthepurposesofthedispute,theobligationsofpacificsettlementprovidedinthepresentCharter.3. TheproceedingsoftheGeneralAssemblyinrespectofmattersbroughttoitsattentionunderthisArticlewillbesubjecttotheprovisionsofArti

54、cles11and12.Article 361. TheSecurityCouncilmay,atanystageofadisputeofthenaturereferredtoinArticle33orofasituationoflikenature,recommendappropriateproceduresormethodsofadjustment.2. TheSecurityCouncilshouldtakeintoconsiderationanyproceduresforthesettlementofthedisputewhichhavealreadybeenadoptedbythep

55、arties.3. InmakingrecommendationsunderthisArticletheSecurityCouncilshouldalsotakeintoconsiderationthatlegaldisputesshouldasageneralrulebereferredbythepartiestotheInternationalCourtofJusticeinaccordancewiththeprovisionsoftheStatuteoftheCourt.Article 371. Shouldthepartiestoadisputeofthenaturereferredt

56、oinArticle33failtosettleitbythemeansindicatedinthatArticle,theyshallreferittotheSecurityCouncil.2. IftheSecurityCouncildeemsthatthecontinuanceofthedisputeisinfactlikelytoendangerthemaintenanceofinternationalpeaceandsecurity,itshalldecidewhethertotakeactionunderArticle36ortorecommendsuchtermsofsettle

57、mentasitmayconsiderappropriate.Article 38WithoutprejudicetotheprovisionsofArticles33to37,theSecurityCouncilmay,ifallthepartiestoanydisputesorequest,makerecommendationstothepartieswithaviewtoapacificsettlementofthedispute.CHAPTERVIIACTIONWITHRESPECTTOTHREATSTOTHEPEACE,BREACHESOFTHEPEACE,ANDACTSOFAGGR

58、ESSIONArticle 39TheSecurityCouncilshalldeterminetheexistenceofanythreattothepeace,breachofthepeace,oractofaggressionandshallmakerecommendations,ordecidewhatmeasuresshallbetakeninaccordancewithArticles4and42,tomaintainorrestoreinternationalpeaceandsecurity.Article 40Inordertopreventanaggravationofthesituation,theSecurityCouncilmay,beforemakingtherecommendationsordecidinguponthemeasuresprovidedforinArticle39,calluponthepartiesconcernedtocomplywithsuchprovisionalmeasuresasitdeemsnecessaryordesirable.Suchprovisionalmeasuresshallbewithoutprejudicetotherights,claims,orpositionofthepart