八年级上Unit 1 单元知识点及语法

1、Unit 1 第一单元单词及短语1. how often 多久一次2. exercise 锻炼;运动v.& n 3. skateboard 踩滑板;参加滑板运动v4. hardly 几乎不;几乎没有adv5. ever 曾;曾经adv6. shop 购物v7. once 一次adv8. twice 两次;两倍adv9. time 次;次数n10. surf 在冲浪; 在激浪上驾(船)v11. Internet 网络;互联网n12. program (戏剧、广播、电视等的)节目、表演;(电脑)程序n.13. high school (美)高中;(英)完全中学14. result 结果;成

2、果n15. active 活跃的;积极的adj.16. for 对于; 关于;在方面;就而言prep17. as for 至于;关于18. about 大约;几乎adv19. junk 废弃的旧物;破烂物n20. junk food 垃圾食品21. milk 牛奶n22. coffee 咖啡n23. chip (食物等的)薄片n.24. cola 可乐n25. chocolate 巧克力n26. drink 喝;饮v.27. health 健康;健康状况n28. how many 多少29. interviewer 采访者n30. habit 习惯;习性n31. try 试图;设法;努力v.3

3、2. of course 当然;自然33. look after 照顾;照看34. lifestyle 生活方式n.35. grade 分数;成绩 n36. better (good和well的比较级)更好的(地);(健康状况)好转的adj. & adv37. same 同样的;相同的adj.38. as 像(一样) prep39. different 差异的;不同的adj.40. difference 不同;差异;区别n41. unhealthy 不健康的;不益于健康的adj.42. yuck呸;啐(表示反感、厌恶等)interj43. maybe 或许;大概adv.44. alth

4、ough (=though)虽然;即使;纵然conj.45. for (表示时间、距离、数量)达;计prep46. grandpa爷爷;外公n.47. a lot of大量;许多48. keep 保持;使保持某种状态v.49. must 必须modal v50. less (little的比较级) 较小的;更小的;较少的;更少的adj.二一单元知识点Unit 1 How often do you exercise?重点语法：频率副词 询问别人做某事的频繁程度 提问用 How often 引导特殊疑问句 回答用 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词。例句：A:

5、 How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视？) B: I watch TV every day.(我每天都看电视。) A: What's your favorite program?(你最喜欢的节目是什么？) B: It's Animal World.(是动物世界。) A: How often do you watch it?(你多长时间看一次这个节目？)主要频率副词的等级排序： always(总是) > usually (通常) > often(经常) > sometimes(有时) > hardly ever(很少)

6、 > never(从不)隔一段时间做某事数次用 数词 + 时间间隔 的结构构成。如： once a week 一周一次(“一次”用特殊词 once) twice a day 一天两次(“两次”用特殊词 twice) three times a month 一个月三次(三次或三次以上用 基数词 + times 的结构构成) four times a year 一年四次重点短语：how often 多久一次 as for 至于；关于 how many 多少（针对可数名词） how much 多少（针对不可数名词） of course = sure 当然；确信 look after = tak

7、e care of = care for 照顾；照看 a lot of = lots of = plenty of 许多；大量 every day 每一天 every night 每晚 hardly ever 几乎不 be good for 对有益 be good for one's health 有益健康 try to do sth. 尝试做某事 get good grades 取得好成绩 help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 kind of 有点 want sb. to do sth. 想要（某人）做某事 keep in good health 保持健康 No t

8、wo men think alike. 人心各异。3 语法：形容词和副词的比较级和最高级形容词和副词的比较级和最高级讲解与练习一、变化规则一般的比较级和最高级在形容词或副词后加-er或-est，如：small - smaller - smallest 以不发音-e结尾的形容词或副词直接加 r或 st，如:large - largest - largest 重读闭音节词尾是一个辅音字母的，需双写该辅音字母，再加-er或-est。 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的形容词和副词，把“y”变“i”，再加 er或-est.busy-busier-busiesthappy-happier-happiest一些双音

9、节及多音节形容词或副词前要加more和most，如：slowly - more slowly - most slowlydifficult-more difficult-most difficultbeautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful还有一些不规则的变化：good / well-better-bestmany/much-more-mostbad / ill / badly -worse-worstlittle-less-leastfar - farther / further - farthest/ furthest二、形容词和副词的等比句型asas

10、和一样 Im as tall as you. not as(so)as 不和 一样（在否定句中常用so 来代替as）如，I cant run so fast as you. 另外asas possible 为固定结构，如，as soon as possible, as quickly as possible 等。在以上两个句型中形容词或副词一定要用原级。 练习：她吃的不如她爸爸多。 _ 我的房间不如你的干净。_ 你必须跟他一样认真。_ asas 前还可以加倍数,如: The room is two times as large as that one. 三、比较级（两者之间） (1) 两者相比

11、: Which is+比较级,A or B? 如: Which is bigger, the sun or the moon? (2)比较级+ than. 如: Mike is taller than John. (3)有"of the two”, 用the+比较级. 如: Lucy is the more careful of the two. (4) 比较级前可用much/a lot /far/ a little /a bit/even 等修饰. 如: This book is much more interesting than that one. The blouse I b

12、ought yesterday is a little less expensive. To play basketball is far more enjoyable to the boy. (5) 比较级+and+比较级,表“越来越” It becomes warmer and warmer. (6)“ the+比较级，the+比较级”,表“越，越” The higher you stand, the farther you will see. 练习：1. 你吃的越多, 就会越胖. _ 2. Mike looks _ than Paul, but they are of the same

13、age. A. youngest B. the youngest C. younger D. very younger 四、最高级(三者或三者以上)1)三者或三者以上相比较用“the最高级名词范围（of/all+-）”。例如： This is the cleanest place of the city.这是这个城市最清洁的地方。 Hu Yun is the fastest of all the girls in our class.胡云是我们女生中跑得最快的 2）表示“最之一”，用“one of the+形容词最高级复数名词”。例如： The Great Wall of China is o

14、ne of the greatest buildings in the world.中国的长城是世界上最伟大的建筑之一。 This is one of the most interesting books that I've ever read.这是我读过的最有趣的书之一。 注意：形容词的最高级前面必须加定冠词the，但当形容词最高级前面有物主代词修饰时，则不加the。 副词前面的the可以省略。例如： （正）This is my best friend. （误）This is my the (the my) best friend. （正）Today is the happiest

15、day of my life. （误）Today is happiest day of my life. 练习： She is the tallest in his class. = She is _ ( tall)than any other student in his class. 课堂练习1. Which lesson is _ (difficult) in Book 2?2. Alice writes _(carefully ) than I.3. This story is _( interesting) than that one.4. That was one of _( ex

16、citing) moments in 2008.5. This kind of food must be _ ( delicious )than that one.6. Beihai park is one of _ (beautiful ) parks in Beijing.7. Whos _(careful), Tom,Jim or Kate?8. That is _(easy) of all.9. He is _(clever )boy in the class.10. John is _( short) than Tom.单选1The Yellow River is one of _

17、in China.A. the longest rivers B. the longer river C. the longest river D. the long river2. Does he speak Chinese _ his brother?A. as better as B. as good as C. as well as D. best than3. Which shirt do you like _, the white one or the blue one?A. better B. good C. best D. much4. This picture book is

18、 not _ that one.A. so interesting as B. so interesting than C. as interesting than D. interesting as5. This article is _ than that one.A. much easier B. more easier C. much more easier D. more easy6. The Changjiang River is _ river in China.A. long B. longest C. the longest D. longer一、写出以下各形容词的比较级和最

19、高级：1. nice _ 2. fat _3. slow _4. dry _5. happy _ 6. wet _7. much _ 8. ill _9. little _10. bad _11. thin _ 12. far _13. early _ 14. careful_ 15. exciting _16. busy _二、根据句意，用所括号内所级形容词的比较等级形式填空：1. Bob is _ ( young ) than Fred but _ (tall) than Fred. 2. Yingtian is not as _ (tall) as Yongxian. 3. Almost

20、 all the students' faces are the same but Li Deming looks _(fat) than before . 4.Which is _ (heavy), a hen or a chicken? 5.- How _ (tall) is Sally? - She' s 1.55 metres _ (tall). What about Xiaoling? - She' s only 1.40 metres _(tall). She is much _(short) than Sally. She is also the _ (s

21、hort) girl in the class. 6. He is _ (bad) at learning maths. He is much _ (bad) at Chinese and he is the _ (bad) at English. 7. Annie says Sally is the _ (kind) person in the world. 8.He is one of the_(friendly) people in the class, I think. 9. A dictionary is much_ (expensive) than a story-book.10.

22、 An orange ia a little _ (big) than an apple, but much _ (small) than a watermelon.11. The Changjiang River is the _ (long) river in China.12. Sue is a little _ _ (beautiful) than her sister.13.My room is not as _ (big) as my brother' s.14.-How difficult is physics? -I' m not sure. - Is it _

23、(difficult) than maths? - I don' t think so.15.- Annie plays the piano very _ (well). - Sue plays it _ (well) than Annie. And Sally plays it the _(well).三、单选1. This box is_ that one.A. heavy than B. so heavy than C. heavier as D. as heavy as2. When we speak to people, we should be _ .A. as polit

24、e as possible B. as polite as possibly C. as politely as possible D. as politely as possibly3 This book is_ that one, but_ than that one.A. as difficult as; expensive B. as more difficult as; more expensiveC. as difficult as; more expensive D. more difficult as; as expensive4 I think the story is no

25、t so _ as that one.A. interesting B. interested C. more interesting D. most interesting5 His father began to work_ he was seven years old.A. as old as B. as early as C. since D. while6. I think science is _ than Japanese.A. much important B. important C. much more important D. more much important7. This pencil is_ than that one.A. longest B. long C. lon