dcxwape托福写作辅导材料

1、|Youhavetobelieve,thereisaway.Theancientssaid:thekingdomofheavenistryingtoenter.Onlywhenthereluctantstepbysteptogotoitstime,mustbemanagedtogetonestepdown,onlyhavestruggledtoachieveit.-GuoGeTech托福写作辅导材料托福作文任务描述：托福作文要求参加考试者在 30 分钟内进行审题、写作和检查等。写作的字数为 220 至 300字。分数段：0 分，1 分，1.5 分，2 分，2.5 分，3 分，3.5 分，4 分

2、，4.5 分，5 分，5.5 分，6 分。写作要求：6 分：Demonstrateclearcompetenceinwritingonboththerhetoricalandsyntacticlevels,thoughitmayhaveoccasionalerrors.能展示出较高的写作能力，在修辞和句法等方面达到定的水平，文章允许出现个别错误。Effectivelyaddressesthewritingtask 文章切题，观点明确；Wellorganizedandwelldeveloped 段落组织有序，合理展开说明；Usesclearappropriatedetailstosupporta

3、thesisorillustrateideas 使用正确的事例支持论点或说明观点；Displaysconsistentfacilityintheuseoflanguage 能够流畅地，连贯地使用语言Demonstratesyntacticvarietyandappropriatewordchoice.句式多样，用词准确。5 分：Demonstratecompetenceinwritingonboththerhetoricalandsyntacticlevels,thoughitwillprobablyhaveoccasionalerrors 在修辞、句法方面有定的表达能力，但文章偶然会有错误。

4、mayaddressessomepartsofthewritingtaskmoreeffectivelythanothers 能有效地按照要求协作，但某些部分有欠缺；generallywellorganizedandwelldeveloped 段落组织基本有序，合理展开说明；Usescleardetailstosupportathesisorillustrateanideas 能使用事例支持论点或说明观点；Displaysfacilityintheuseoflanguage 展现出语言的使用能力；Demonstratesomesyntacticvarietyandrangeofvocabula

5、ry.有些句式和词汇的变化。4 分：demonstrateminimalcompetenceinwritingonboththerhetoricalandsyntacticallevels 展示出一些写作能力修辞与句法能力一般。AddressesthewritingtopicadequatelybutmayslightlypartsofthetaskIsadequatelyorganizedanddevelopedUsessomedetailstosupportathesisorillustrateanideaDemonstrateadequatebutpossiblyinconsistent

6、facilitywithsyntaxandusageMaycontainsomeerrorsthatoccasionallyobscuremeaning3 分：demonstratesomedevelopingcompetenceinwriting,butitremainsflawedoneithertherhetoricalorsyntacticallevel,orboth.InadequateorganizationordevelopmentInappropriateorinsufficientdetailstosupportorillustrategeneralizationsAnoti

7、ceableinappropriatechoiceofwordsorwordformsAnaccumulationoferrorsinsentencestructureand/orusage.2 分：suggestsincompetenceinwritingSeriousdisorganizationorunderdevelopmentLittleornodetail,orirrelevantspecificsSeriousandfrequenterrorsinsentencestructureorusageSeriousproblemswithfocus1 分：demonstrateinco

8、mpetenceinwritingMaybeincoherentMaybeunderdevelopedMaycontainsevereandpersistentwritingerrors评分：TWE 一般由两个人评判，取平均分。如上所述，托福作文的分数是 0.5 分为一个晋级，只会出现几点五分的情况。若两个阅卷人的分数差距在 2 分或大于 2 分时，则会有第三个平分人出现，例如前两个的分数分别为 3 分和 5 分，则会有另一个人来评卷。托福作文范围和类型托福作文的范围相对固定，每年 ETS 都会在网站上公布其更新过的写作题目范围。参加考试者可以参考这些题目进行准备。现在我们看到的一共有 185

9、 个题目。类型：根据这些题目我们大致可以将它们分成 5 种类型。（一）对立式观点例 1:Somepeopleliketoworkorstudyatnight;othersliketoworkorstudyduringtheday.Whichdoyoupreferworkorstudyatnightorduringtheday?Givespecificreasonsandexamplestoillustrateyouranswer.例2:Somehighschoolsrequireallstudentstowearuniforms;otherhighschoolspermitstudentsto

10、choosetowhattowearintheschool.Whichofthesetwoschoolpoliciesdoyouthinkisbetter?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestoillustrateyouranswer.（二）单一性观点例 1:Doyouagreeordisagreefollowingstatement:peopleshouldalwaysshowtheirstrongemotions（suchasexcitement,anger,orjoy）.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswe

11、r.例 2:Schoolsshouldaskstudentstoevaluatetheirteachers.Doyouagreeordisagree?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.（三）选择性观点例1:Peoplehavedifferentwaysofescapingthestressanddifficultiesofmodernlife.Someread;someexercise;othersworkintheirgardens.Whatdoyouthinkarethebestwaysofreducingstress?例2:

12、Ifyouwereaskedtosendonethingrepresentingyourcountrytoaninternationalexhibition,whatwouldyourchoose?Why?Usespecificreasonsanddetailstoexplainyouranswer.（四）对比类例1:Acompanyhasannouncedthatitwishestobuildalargefactorynearyourcommunity.Discusstheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofthisnewinfluenceonyourcommunity.

13、Doyousupportoropposethefactory?Explainyourposition.例 2:Whenpeoplemovetoanothercountry,someofthemdecidedtofollowthecustomsofthenewcountry;othersprefertokeeptheirowncustoms.Comparethesetwochoices.Whichonedoyouprefer?Supportyouranswerwithspecificdetails.（五）列举论证类例 1:Whataresomeofthequalitiesofagoodparen

14、t?Usespecificdetailsandexamplestoexplainyouranswer.例 2:Whatchangeswouldyoumakeyourhometownmoreappealingtopeopleofyourage?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouropinion.相对应的作文类型的开头(introduction)这些开头非常典型，如果你没有更好的开头就将这样的开头背诵下来，一定能在遇到这类题目时写得飞快。(一)对立观点文章的开头，1.Itistruethatsomepeopleholdtheopinion(1)tha

15、tworkingorstudyingatnightiseffective.Othersbelieve(2)thatworkingorstudyingduringthedayhasmoreadvantages.Ireckontheybothhavetheirstrongreasonsontheirarguments.AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/thelatterwouldbemorepreferablethanthelatter/theformer.同义词/词组(1) havethepointofviewthat,holdtheideathat,supportth

16、eideathat,votefortheopinionthat,donotdoubtthat,liketochoosedoingsomething,prefertobelievethat,tendtothinkthat,givetheirtheviewthat,sticktothebeliefthat,standbehindtheideathat(2) believe,argue,claim,deem,suggest,reckon,see,debate,proclaim,consider,emphasize,advocate,promote,feel,consent,assume,think以

17、上这两组词和词汇都是引出观点常用的词组，他们可以用于文章的开头也，可以用于文章的中间和结尾部分。请大家熟练地掌握，自如运用，大胆运用。(3) itiswisertochoosethantochoose.(4) Itisadvisabletoadvocatethantosupport.(5) Itismoresagacioustochoosethantochoose.2.Therearedifferentviewsconcerning/considering/regarding/abouttheaboveissue.Some.Others.Buttheadvantages/merits/stro

18、ngpointsofAaremoreobviousthanthoseofB.3.Nowhereintheworldhastheissueofbeensomuchdebated/discussed/argued/likeinoursociety/country.Some.Others.ButtheadvantagesofAaremoreobviousthanthoseofB.4.Neverintheworldhastheissue/problem/question/ofbeensomuchdebated/discussed/arguedlikeinourtime.Some.Others.Butt

19、headvantagesofAaremoreobviousthanthoseofB.5.Therearedifferentviewsconcerning/considering/regarding/abouttheaboveissue.Some.Others.But,inmypart/asforme/astome,personally,wouldliketogivemysupportto.(二)单一性观点文章的开头：其实，单一性观点可以变成类似于对立性观点，所以可以应用对立性观点的办法来开头。我们以例子中的第一个题目为例。开头：1.Asfortheabovestatement,somepeop

20、lewouldsaythatpeopleshouldalwaysshowtheirstrongemotionssuchasexcitement,anger,orjoy;others,Iguess,wouldprobablyopposethatopinion.Asformypart,Iwoulddeemthatpeopleshouldnotalwaysshowtheirstrongemotions.Thereasonsarepresentedfollows.（把单一观点变成对立观点，然后表明自己的立场）as2.Althoughmanypeopledebatethatpeopleshouldalw

21、aysshowtheirstrongemotionssuchasexcitement,anger,orjoy,somepeoplewoulddoubtthatitisagoodmannertoalwaysshowtheirstrongemotions.Ipersonallyagreewiththelatter.（把单一观点变成对立观点，然后表明自己的立场）3.Itisnotadvisabletoalwaysshowonesstrongemotionssuchasexcitement,anger,orjoy.Peopleshouldsometimesrestrictthemselves,notl

22、etthemgoatanytime.Myargumentwoulddefinitelyconvincesomethemtocontrolthematsomeoccasions.（首先否定，然后表明自己的观点，用另外一种方法解释）4.Itistruethatpeopleareofmanystrongemotions.Butadecentpersonwouldnotalwaysshowhisstrongfeelingssuchasexcitement,anger,orjoy.Doyouwantotherpeopleregardyouasarudeguy?Ofcoursenot.（换种反面说法）5.

23、Idonotthinkthemajoritycanaccepttheideathatpeopleshouldalwaysshowtheirstrongemotionssuchasexcitement,anger,orjoy.Iamoneofthem.（直接反对，用拉帮结派的方式，不使自己孤立）（三）选择性观点文章开头选择性观点文章的开头也可以利用对立性观点文章的开头。1.Everyonehashisstressinmodernlife.Differentpeoplehavediversewaystogetridoftheirstress.Someread,someexercise,andoth

24、ersworkintheirgardens.Frommyexperience,Iwouldrecommendpeopleshakeofftheirstressinthefollowingways.（戈 U线部分就是一种转换）2.Eachandeverycountryhassomeuniquethingstorepresentitsownfeatures.IfIwereaskedtoselectonethingtorepresentmytoaninternationalexhibition,Iwouldchooseaterra-cottawarriorunearthedfromthetombof

25、QinShihuang,thefirstemperorofChina,thefirstrulerofQindynasty,2000yearsago.3.Therearemanythingsthatcanrepresentmycountry.IfIwereaskedtochooseonlyonething,Iwould,withouthesitation,recommendamodeloftheGreatWall.Whyisthat?YouwillseeasIexplainitasfollows.（四）对比性观点1.Buildingalargefactorynearmycommunitywill

26、certainlybringalotofchangestothecommunity.Itdefinitelyhasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Butfrommypointofview,Idonotthinkitisagoodidea.Iwouldliketosaythatitwouldtransformourcommunityinabadway.2.Althoughbuildingalargefactorynearmycommunitywould,inasense,havesomenegativeeffects,Iconsiderthatitwouldalsobenefitourcommunityinmanyways.Itwouldoff