高考英语形副复习

1、1、形容词和副词的基本用法；2、形容词和副词的级别；3、常见形容词和副词的用法比较。1. 定义定义是修饰名词表示名词属性的词是修饰名词表示名词属性的词,常放在它常放在它所修饰的名词之前所修饰的名词之前Eg: I have a big bag.3、形容词的词义、形容词的词义 - Im very _ with my own cooking. It looks nice and smells delicious. - Mm, it does have a _ smell. (2002北京) A. pleasant, pleasedB. pleased, pleased C. pleasant, pl

2、easantD. pleased, pleasantD D分词形容词： -ed 形容词: 人.感到的 -ing形容词: 令人.的 Their cheerful voice showed that they were having a _ discussion. (1997上海) A. noisyB. seriousC. complete D. friendly If it is quite _ to you, I will visit you next Tuesday. （05天津卷） A. convenient B. fair C. easy D. comfortable D DA A4、后

3、置定语问题、后置定语问题All the people _ at the party were his supporters. (02北京) A. presentB. thankfulC. interested D. importantA A1).形容词短语作定语，定语后置。形容词短语作定语，定语后置。 eg. a language difficult to master a leaning tower about 180 feet high几种特殊情况，几种特殊情况， 须牢记：须牢记：2）表语形容词：表语形容词：(1)以以a-开头的开头的 afraid alive alone ashamed

4、asleep awake一般只做表语一般只做表语，若作定语，定语后置若作定语，定语后置He is the only man awake at that time. (2)某些表示健康的某些表示健康的 fine ill well faint(头晕的）头晕的） sick既可作表语又可作定语，既可作表语又可作定语，ill 如作定语意如作定语意“bad” (3)某些描述感觉或心情的某些描述感觉或心情的 glad pleased sorry 5).不定式短语，动名词短语，分词短语，介词短语不定式短语，动名词短语，分词短语，介词短语做定语要后置做定语要后置。如如 There was a plane fly

5、ing in the sky. The water from the factory made the river worse and worse.4). else 修饰不定代词和疑问代词时，要后置。修饰不定代词和疑问代词时，要后置。如：如：Nobody else is so silly as you are.3). 修饰修饰some, any, no, every 构成的复合不定代词构成的复合不定代词形容词通常后置形容词通常后置 。 something new; nothing serious6) enough作作adj.足够的足够的;充分的充分的，作定语置于被修饰的名词前后均作定语置于被修

6、饰的名词前后均可可I have enough time（time enough）to finish the work.我有足够的时间来完成这项工作我有足够的时间来完成这项工作.注意：注意：enough作作adv.十分地十分地;充分地充分地;足够地足够地;充充足地足地，置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后，置于被修饰的形容词或副词之后He is not old enough to go to school.他年龄太小他年龄太小,不能去上学不能去上学巩固练习：巩固练习：1. _ to take this adventure course will certainly learn a lot of usef

7、ul skills. A. Brave enough students B. Enough brave students C. Students brave enough D. Students enough brave2. There is _ to hold the water. A. nothing big enoughB. nothing enough big C. big enough nothingD. enough big nothingC CA A5、以、以-ly 结尾的形容词结尾的形容词问题问题5：What he said sounds _. (1993上海) nicelyB

8、. pleasantly C. friendlyD. wonderfullyC C John Smith, a successful businessman, has a car. Alarge German white Blarge white German Cwhite large German DGerman large white B Badj排序的记忆排序的记忆“限观形龄色国材限观形龄色国材” 县县(限限)代表限定词代表限定词,包括冠词包括冠词,指示代词指示代词,形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词,名词所有格名词所有格,数词等数词等.官官(观观)代表表示代表表示观点的描绘性观点的描绘性

9、形容词形容词,如如:fine,beautiful,interesting等等.行行(形形)代表表示代表表示大小大小,长短长短,高低及形状高低及形状的形容词的形容词,如如:small,tall,high,little,round等等.令令(龄龄)代表表示年代表表示年龄龄,新旧新旧的形容词的形容词,如如:old,young等等.射射(色的近似音色的近似音)代表表示代表表示颜色颜色的形容词的形容词,如如:white,black,yellow等等.国代表表示国代表表示国籍国籍,地区地区,出处出处的形容词的形容词(名词名词),如如:English,American,mountain等等.材则代表形成中心

10、名词的材则代表形成中心名词的材料材料的形容词的形容词,如如:stone,wooden,silk,plastic等等.adj排序的记忆排序的记忆“限观形龄色国材限观形龄色国材” 一座古老漂亮的石桥两张新的中国式的木制大圆桌多个形容词同时修饰一个名词时,就按上述顺序排列,然后加上中心名词.1.a fine old stone bridge2.two big round new Chinese wooden tables This _ girl is Linds cousin. (05北京卷) A. pretty little SpanishB. Spanish little pretty C. S

11、panish pretty littleD. little pretty Spanish One day they crossed the _bridge behind the palace. A. old Chinese stone B. Chinese old stone C. old stone Chinese D. Chinese stone oldA AA A 1). worth - worthy 值得的，可尊敬的- worthwhile 2) alike （相似的；相同的）- like -likely 3) dead - deadly 4) live（ 活的，实况转播的；精力充沛的

12、） lively （活泼的；生动的） alive（活着的） living（活的；现存的；逼真的） 5) possible - likely - probable 6) respectable (可敬的、高尚的) respectful (表示敬意的) A respectable man is respectful to others. 7) healthy (健康的) - healthful (有益于健康的) The air at seaside is healthful to us. So all of us are healthy.巩固练习：巩固练习： The World Cup in Fr

13、ance was the biggest _ football match in the world. A. aliveB. liveC. livelyD. living2. Anyone who has spent time with children knows the difference in the way boys and girls respond (反应) to the _ situation. A. likelyB. sameC. alikeD. similar3. Anyone who has spent time with children knows the diffe

14、rence in the way boys and girls respond (反应) to _ situations. A. likelyB. sameC. alikeD. similar4. Its _ to rain but not _ before evening. A. possible probableB. probable possibleB BB BA AD归纳：归纳：常见句型：Its likely/ probable/ possible that.Its possible for sb. to do sthSb/sth. be likely to do sth always

15、(100%) / usually(80%) / often(60%) / sometimes(40%)(=not always) / seldom(20%) / never(0%)/ once(一次) / twice(二次) rarely / hardly ever / scarcely ever (很少) ever(曾经) She is sometimes very busy. 她有时很忙。她有时很忙。I will never forget this lesson. 我将永远忘不了这一课我将永远忘不了这一课We often go there. 我们常去那儿。我们常去那儿。 It was ra

16、ining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood _ to her mother.( 2002北京) A. closeB. closelyC. closed D. closingWe decided not to climb the mountains because it was raining _. (1996 N) A. badlyB. hardlyC. strongly D. heavilyA AD Dclose to 离近，此处 close 是副词；closely 表示“密切地”，与题意无关。表示 “雨下得大”可用 rain har

17、d; rain heavily等，不用 badly 或 strongly。表示“刮大风”可用 strong wind。hardly 是否定词，与句意无关。注意注意：The person who talks most is often the one who does least.说得最多的人常常干得最少。说得最多的人常常干得最少。 The audience consisted mostly of women.He works hard all day.他整天都在使劲地干活。他整天都在使劲地干活。 He hardly works at all.他很少干活他很少干活3. late“晚晚”； lat

18、ely “最近最近”You have come too late.What have you been doing lately?这两种副词形式含义完全不同，这两种副词形式含义完全不同，4.close 与与 closely close “近近”； closely “仔细地仔细地”He is sitting close to me. Watch him closely.free 与与 freelyfree “免费免费”；freely “无限制地，无限制地，You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.You may speak freel

19、y; say what you like. 6. near adv. 附近附近,邻近邻近 nearly “几乎，差不多几乎，差不多” Its nearly five oclock. Come near and listen to me. 7. just：刚刚，仅仅，正好。：刚刚，仅仅，正好。justly：公正地。：公正地。Ive just arrived.I want to be treated justly. （我需要公正对待。）（我需要公正对待。）8. deep “深”，表示时间和空间深度；deeply深深地, 常表示感情上的深度，He pushed the stick deep into

20、 the mud.He often works deep into the night.Even father was deeply moved by the film. 9. high表示空间高度；highly表示程度，相当于much The plane was flying high. I think highly of your opinion.10. wide表示空间宽度； 广泛地；广阔地； widely “广泛地”，“在许多 地方”He opened the door wide so that the room was lighter. English is widely used

21、in the world.不带-ly的副词表示具体的行为和动作， 以-ly结尾常常是抽象性的行为和状况。_, some famous scientists have the qualities of being both careful and careless. （04上海春季） A. Strangely enough B. Enough strangely C. Strange enough D. Enough strange Can you believe that in _ a rich country there should be _ many poor people? (1995

22、 N) A. such, such B. such, so C. so, so D. so, suchA AB B副词 enough 要放在形容词和副词的后面，形容词 enough 放在名词前后都可。A: 基本句型：such + (a) + adj. + n. ; so + adj. + a + n.B: such 后可加各种名词，而so后面只能加单数名词；C: so 可加 many, much, few, little 等，而such不能。巩固练习：巩固练习： Allen had to call a taxi because the box was _ to carry all the wa

23、y home. （03全国卷） Amuch too heavyBtoo much heavy Cheavy too muchDtoo heavy muchA Amuch too 是副词，+adj./adv.；too much 是名词或形容词，可单独使用或修饰名词。 John is very lazy. He falls _ behind in his studies. A. very B. far C. more D. still Must I turn off the gas after cooking ? Of course . You can never be careful with

24、that . (05江西卷) Aenough Btoo Cso Dvery B BB B“far behind ”表示“远远地掉在后面”。“can never be too ” 意为“越就越好”形容词副词的比较级和最高级形容词副词的比较级和最高级可分规则和不规则可分规则和不规则2种形式种形式1. 规则变化规则变化 单音节词一般在词尾加单音节词一般在词尾加-er和和-est如果以如果以-e结尾的单音节词，仅加结尾的单音节词，仅加-r和和-st, eg: large如果已辅音字母加如果已辅音字母加y结尾的少数双音节词，把结尾的少数双音节词，把y变变成成i再加再加-er和和-est，例如：，例如：h

25、appy如果单音节词以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节，需如果单音节词以一个辅音字母结尾的闭音节，需双写词尾再加双写词尾再加-er和和-est, 例如：例如：bigbiggerbiggest如果以如果以er, ow结尾的少数双音节词结尾的少数双音节词,加加-er,-est, eg: clever, narrow不以不以y, er, ow结尾的双音节词结尾的双音节词,全部多音节的形容全部多音节的形容词或副词，形式上与分词相同的形容词以及以词或副词，形式上与分词相同的形容词以及以 ly结尾的副词结尾的副词,都在词前加都在词前加 more, most 如： good（well）betterbest bad（

26、ill）worseworst oldolder/elderoldest/eldest many/muchmoremost littlelessleast far further/farther furthest/farthest 2.有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是有少数形容词、副词的比较级和最高级是不规则的，必须熟记不规则的，必须熟记smallgreatclevernarrowlargenicehotfateasyheavyeasilytiredsmallersmallest greatergreatest cleverercleverest narrowernarrowest larg

27、erlargest nicernicest hotterhottest fatterfattest more easilymost easily more tiredmost tiredheavierheaviest easiereasiest 巩固练习：巩固练习：注意： 1.一些形容词没有比较级最高级形式 如：right wrong perfect sure round empty wonderful 等2.英语中有少数词本身就是以比较级的形式出现的 如： former, inner, outer, upperMy former student 我以前的同学Inner Mongolia 内蒙

28、古Outer space 外太空The upper lip 上唇形容词副词比较级和最高级的常用形容词副词比较级和最高级的常用5. 两种情况同时变化时两种情况同时变化时，4.表示程度递增时：表示程度递增时：8.数量词数量词 + senior / junior + to 9. 否定词否定词+比较级比较级 表达最高级含义表达最高级含义 e. This room is twice as big as that one.5. 两种情况同时变化时两种情况同时变化时，4.表示程度递增时：表示程度递增时：用用“比较级比较级 and + 比较级比较级”结构，结构，表示表示用用the + 比较级比较级the +

29、比较级比较级1. A is + 倍数倍数 the size ( height / length /width /depth ) of B2. A is + 倍数倍数 as as B3. A is + 倍数倍数 比较级比较级 than B注意：注意： times 表三倍以上表三倍以上 ， 两倍用两倍用 twice /doubleYour room is twice as large as mine.Your room is twice the size of mine. He is seven years senior to his wife.He is senior to his wife b

30、y seven years.He is superior to Mr. Zhang in chemistry. 8. 某些以某些以ior 结尾的形容词进行比较时，用结尾的形容词进行比较时，用to代替代替than .这些词有这些词有inferior (劣等的劣等的 ,次的次的)，superior, junior(资历较浅的）资历较浅的）, senior 。 数量词数量词 + senior / junior + to 9. 否定词+比较级 表达最高级含义(never/no/not等）Your story is perfect, I never heard a better one before.I

31、t couldnt be better.注意：和注意：和more有关的词组有关的词组 1) the more the more越就越 The harder you work，the greater progress youll make.2) more B than A与其说A不如说B less A than B He is more lazy than slow at his work. = He is less slow than lazy at his work.4) more thanShe is more than kind to us all. She is more than a

32、 teacher but a friend. There are more than 40 students in our class. I love you more than I can say. John is the tallest boy in the class, _ according to himself. （05安徽卷） (B) A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as What a table! Ive never seen such a thing before. It is _ it is long. （05湖北卷） Ahalf not as wide asBwide not as half as Cnot half as wide asDas wide as not half B BC Cas tall as “高达”, five foot eight = five feet eight inchesas wide as 是比较，所以倍数词应放在前面。巩固练习：巩固练习：I